Karl Marx

uclear-armed Iran can be deterred like the Soviet Union. That is a very dangerous assumption. Militant jihadists behave very differently from secular Marxists. There were no Soviet suicide bombers. Yet Iran produces hordes of them. Deterrence worked with the Soviets, because every time the Soviets faced a

intervention against social forces. People were confined, exiled, killed, persecuted and jailed, accused of being socialists, Maoists, Leninists and Marxist-Leninists. I feel that that has ended. We are no longer accused of being Marxists or Leninists, but now drug- trafficking and terrorism are given as

ings of the twentieth century. It is a complete renewal of socialist theory. In one of the interesting chapters Mészáros quotes another great person, Karl Marx. We must not be afraid of Karl Marx — he was the Einstein of politics. Yes, he was demonized, but Karl Marx was right about so many things. Quoting M

ia, have been positive. Allow me to affirm before the United Nations that murders and kidnappings have been the work of terrorists. First, it was the Marxist guerrillas who, in introducing their perverse scheme of a so-called combination of all forms of struggle, murdered, kidnapped and penetrated sectors

alien to its principles and values; and contrary to what communism expected, those different perspectives did not vanish when faced with the presumed Marxist truth. Rather, they won the ideological battle and made communism and Soviet Russia disappear. I am convinced that the same will happen with any doct

How can we claim that in two years’ time we have done away with the ills of 30 years of badly assimilated Marxist-Leninist culture, a culture which was fundamentally hostile to pluralistic democracy and fundamentally opposed to individual growth. And what should

in turncoats may kneel before that deceptive golden calf, but to understand the failure of capitalism as a social project it is not necessary to read Karl Marx one need only take stroll through the New York or Los Angeles inner city. The American dream may dazzle some weak minds, but for broad, and growing,

ispensable. Indeed, it is clear that, after the failures of the years which followed independence and the impasse into which the militarist-socialist-Marxist revolutions of the continent have led, the era of democracy runs the risk of leading our States - if nothing specific and substantial is done in the

s, so full of hope for peace and for the freedom of ever more people in the world, have also demonstrated the growing importance of human rights. The Marxist notion, according to which respect for human rights, in keeping with a materialistic logic, is seen as a consequence of a specific of socio-economic

on in Iran and the resurgence of Islamic revivalism across the globe, characterized by reliance on God, religion, morality and people; the decline of Marxist thought, which had been based on the negation of these very, basic characteristics, rapid developments in the socialist bloc, concomitant with effect

hat country as well as other countries of Eastern Europe. In fact the pragmatism demonstrated by that new leadership is changing the attitude of some Marxist Governments which now seem to be searching in the Western world for the authentic values of freedom and democracy, including economic concepts which

ers help a dictatorial regime in Nicaragua try to subvert and betray a popular revolution. The danger inherent in these conflicts must be recognized. Marxist-Leninist regimes tend to wage war as readily against their neighbors as they routinely do against their own people. In fact, the internal and externa

cuments of the Non-Aligned Movement. What, then, stands in the way? To a great extent, the impediment is anti-Soviet feeling and false perceptions of Marxist-Leninist ideology.

e have received thousands and thousands of Nicaraguan refugees. As Costa Ricans, we are concerned about the consolidation of a totalitarian regime of Marxist ideology on our borders. Our people know that in Europe as well as in other regions of the world the geographical frontiers between West and East cos

free the Salvadorian people. 31. By the end of the 1970s, polarization between a rightist military dictatorship and its possible violent overthrow by Marxist sectors seeking power had almost completely eliminated a democratic solution. 32.

of the so-called Chicago school on the one hand and the rigid self- management and planning, with total State intervention, advocated by the current Marxist school, on the other, are the most recent examples of how blind adherence to economic theories whose origins are purely political is doomed to failur

e of the city. 214. In 1947, international communism, in league with opponents of our regime who had become docile instruments, attempted to set up a Marxist regime in my country.

great political revolution. 211. Thirdly, the Western experience with religion also contributed to the development of philosophical materialism. When Karl Marx described religion as the "opium of the people", he had the history of Western Europe in mind. He knew very little about Islam or the African or Asia

already mentioned. We cannot resign ourselves to this sombre prospect. 101. The most renowned economists—both Western ones and those who subscribe to Marxist concepts- admit that the developing countries' system of international indebtedness functions in a completely irrational manner and that its subsiste

We are combating the Marxist doctrine, exercising the right of our own national self- preservation, and we repudiate its atheistic and materialistic concept of human life. 176. I

Nevertheless, strongly committed to the self- determination of peoples though we are, our revolutionary Marxist-Leninist convictions constrain us to dissociate ourselves from all acts of pointless violence perpetrated against innocent populations who are not re

aken every measure to cope with any danger successfully. It will stand rock-firm, in the first place because its people are led by a strong and truly Marxist-Leninist party and because there is unbreakable unity between the Party and the people. Under the leadership of the Labour Party, with Comrade Enver

velop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful coexistence. We will strengthen our unity with all other genuine Marxist-Leninist parties and organizations and carry through to the end the struggle against modern revisionism with the Soviet revisionist renegade clique a

e socialist People's Republic of Albania follows a policy of friendship, co-operation and mutual assistance with the socialist States on the basis of Marxist-Leninism and proletarian internationalism. We are for peace and relations of good-neighborliness with all States on the basis of equality, respect fo

filtrations, democracies must renew themselves to survive. 187. In Chile, a stable republic was organized in 1831 and lasted 140 years, until in 1970 Marxist demagogy took over and in less than three years ruined the country.

in its territory which are still outside the mainstream of civilization. 270. Certain modern philosophical and political trends, particularly certain Marxist philosophies, have tried to subjugate the will and the thoughts of the Paraguayan people to foreign interests.

ency of American imperialism to exploit the United Nations for its own aggressive purposes, 173, The People's Republic of Albania, guided by the just Marxist-Leninist policies of the Labor Party of Albania, by their friendship and international solidarity with all those who are fighting for their national

le is perfectly valid in so far as concerns the so-called "Royal Government of National Union of Cambodia". It is true that a certain number of Khmer Marxist leaders, although in 1970 they were in the anti-Sihanouk camp, obtained without any difficulty from the deposed Prince, who was anxious for vengeance

e National Congress, since none of the candidates had obtained an absolute majority of the popular vote. The political parties that had supported the Marxist candidate were a minority in the Chilean Congress; consequently, interpreting the national feeling, the majority political parties made the confirmat

It is a duty that I am fulfilling as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Cuba, as a Marxist-Leninist revolutionary, as a comrade of Salvador Allende and as a simple human being. I stress this last, because I wish radically to differentiate m

thing strange about it if one goes a little into the history of the international Communist movement. Was not Karl Kautsky once a somewhat well-known Marxist? But he later betrayed Marxism and capitulated to imperialism. It was Lenin who passed the final historical verdict on Kautsky in his well-known pamp

It has shown that our judgment was no mere propaganda, but the expression of a great reality-the expression of our correct Marxist-Leninist view of world developments. 125. The day has already come when in the face of this great reality, following the determined revolutionary pol

One may wonder why while elsewhere in the world, in the Middle East and in Europe, people have grown tired and wearied of conflicts and fighting the Marxists in Asia never have enough of terrorizing and burning and murdering, and why their thirst for conquest and domination is so far unquenchable. While o

nal victory over their common enemies. 92. The delegation of the People's Republic of Albania, at this session of the General Assembly, guided by the MarxistLeninist principles of our Socialist State, will continue, as in the past, together with other freedom-loving peoples to make its modest contribution

nion are equally prey to numerous contradictions and insuperable difficulties, both domestically and internationally, on account of their betrayal of Marxist-Leninism and of their restoration of capitalism in the Soviet Union. Soviet revisionism has now unmasked itself on the world stage as a social imperi

The Albanian Government, guided by the just Marxist-Leninist doctrine, has waged a firm struggle of principle against the subversive attempts of the revisionist leadership of the Soviet Union to transf

r Republic — the Czechoslovak Communist Party — took the lead in a movement aimed at great changes, for it was convinced that, founding itself on the Marxist-Leninist concept of the building of socialism and respect for the broad principles of socialism, and taking into account the special conditions of Cz

rference in the domestic affairs of these nations, where subversive movements are set up in an attempt to change their régimes and lead them into the Marxist-socialist camp. 127. We must vigorously denounce, as Gabon has always done, these unwarrantable interferences that represent a constant threat to the

e, never voluntary. Consequently, it invariably elicits strong resistance against the forceful invitation to be liberated and to join the paradise of Marxist bondage. 43. The people in our Asian part of the world are at present amazed at the emergence of negative values and logic. They find it particularly

ung says that: "The seizure of power by armed force, the settlement of the issue by war, is the central task and the highest form of revolution. This Marxist-Leninist principle of revolution holds good universally, for China and for all other countries." Mao Tse-tung lays down: "Political power grows out o

ote a few excerpts from the ideological mouthpiece of the Chinese Communist Central Committee, the Red Flag, of 31 March 1964: "Basing himself on the Marxist-Leninist theory of violent revolution and the new experience of the proletarian revolution and the people’s democratic revolution led by the proletar

eory in this way: "The seizure of power by armed force, the settlement of issues by war, is the central task and the highest form of revolution. This Marxist-Leninist principle of revolution holds good universally, for China and for all other countries." Mao concludes: "It is only by the power of the gun t

the future, too, our Party and our Government will steadfastly follow a policy of peace, a policy of friendship and close fraternal co-operation on a Marxist-Leninist basis and a policy of the principles of proletarian internationalism with the peoples of the socialist countries, a policy of friendship and

should also point out that the concept of peaceful coexistence is to be defined only in terms of relations between the sovereign States involved. As Marxists we have maintained that peaceful coexistence between nations does not include coexistence between exploiters and exploited, between oppressors and o

minable crisis of Laos. There is no need to look any further for the reasons why a political party, originally made up of an insignificant handful of Marxist revolutionaries, should have survived. "This White Paper published today gives an account of North Viet-Namese interference in Laos, interference whi

constitute the weapons in the fight between the two philosophies" [1208th meeting, para. 110], This is an imaginative and encouraging approach to the Marxist theory in the light of present-day conditions of life in a nuclear age. 23.

tems whatever is best suited to the needs of contemporary society and to man's spiritual being? 126. There are many difficulties in the way, however. Marxist orthodoxy considers "revisionism" —that is to say, the mere possibility that its own leaders might undertake a review of its doctrine— as the greates

little better. The momentum, once it is started, will not be reversed. If imperialism is being thrown out of the window on the wind of change, so is Karl Marx — and good riddance too. It is time we got rid of these obsolete reactionary doctrines of the nineteenth century. I find the need to think and speak

remember this: today it is asserted that Cuba constitutes a threat to the peace of the American continent because it promotes subversion, inspired by Marxist-Leninist ideas, and the attempt is being made to turn this into the basic and fundamental issue. 19. It is advisable, I repeat, to bear in mind that

Consequently, it is natural that we should be determined to prevent Marxist-Leninist propaganda, which is expressly denounced in our Political Constitution, by every possible means. As our Chief of State has said, "we are not