It is a pleasure, Sir, to see you on the podium conducting the affairs of the thirty-seventh session, whose agenda includes the most important issues, issues directly related to the security, peace, stability and future of mankind; We have great confidence that your vast knowledge and experience, and the active role played by your friendly country in international relations, wi!! help us, and you, realize our expecta¬tions of this session. In the name of the Amir, the Government and the people of Kuwait, please accept our congratulations on your election. 166. The thirty-sixth session was fortunate in having been presided over by a colleague who is dear to you and to us, Mr. Ismat Kittani; he played a distinguished role and one deserving of our appreciation and our gratitude. 167. Since this is the first time I have addressed the general Assembly since the Secretary-General, Mr. Javier Perez de Cuellar took office, I take this opportunity to say again that my country welcomes his accession to that high position; we wish him good luck and all success. 168. Furthermore, I must not let this opportunity pass without expressing to the former Secretary- General, Mr. Kurt Waldheim, our thanks and appre¬ciation for his constructive and dedicated efforts to help establish world security and stability during his term of office. We extend to him, too, our best wishes in the coming years. 169. The world situation has entered on a new era of complication and confusion, which have left their mark on the noble values that mankind has accepted as its constitution, values such as those of sovereignty, independence, justice, non-interference in internal affairs, peaceful coexistence among nations, and the elimination of the pains and evils inherent in blocs and in competing selfish interests. 170. The political rivalry between the two competing camps has led to dialogue and being replaced by confrontation and estrangement, and thus has put an end to what was left of the policy of detente, with its favorable impact on international relations. 171. The increasing complications of international relations and conflicts among various interests have increasingly involved smaller nations in the spheres of influence of the super-Powers, to an extent that actually jeopardizes even the unity, solidarity and effectiveness of the regional organizations which have been playing an important role in furthering the secu¬rity and prosperity of the countries and peoples of the respective regions. 172. The confusion arising from the ambiguity of the international situation has had an obvious impact on the ability and effectiveness of the United Nations and its various organs, particularly the Security Council. In his report on the work of the Organiza¬tion, the Secretary-General was honest with him, and accurately described a fact which can no longer be denied when he talked candidly about the weakening of the effectiveness and credibility of the United Nations as an instrument for achieving peace and preventing war. We realize that the United Nations has, unfortunately, not been able, except in a few rare occasions, to act effectively to maintain peace in the world. Instead, we note that it has become a stage which the competing Powers use flagrantly as an instrument for defending their own interests by every possible means, to the extent that the Security Council has been unable to fulfil its primary responsibility—not because of remoteness from the scene of events or any reluctance to exert efforts, but because of the abuse by some of its members of their right of veto. Those members, upon whose shoulders rests a special responsibility for maintaining international peace and security, have in addition used their power in the Council to prevent any collective measures from being adopted by the international community whenever such measures would affect any part of their spheres of influence. 173. There is now a very wide gap between com¬mitment to the principles and provisions of the Charter and the actual behavior of nations in their inter¬national relations. Resorting to the force of arms and military supremacy as instruments to solve problems rather than on the force of truth, justice and interna¬tional values has impaired the prestige of the United Nations, which once embodied the hopes of mankind in a society where security, prosperity, justice and brotherhood prevailed. 174. The State of Kuwait believes that this dangerous situation makes it imperative urgently to consider responsible and serious action by all the members of the international community to rekindle the commit¬ment to the principles of the Organization. 175. Since the beginning of this year the General Assembly has had to convene several special sessions to discuss the dangerous developments relating to the question of Palestine and the situation in the Middle East. The Security Council has also met several times during the same period for the same purpose. Those two bodies have adopted resolutions, under the pro¬visions of the Charter, to deal with the flagrant aggres¬sion perpetrated by Israel against an independent and sovereign Member State—Lebanon—and against the displaced Palestinian people. That people's loss of its land and legitimate rights and its dispersal and the suffering inflicted upon it for more than 35 years have been caused primarily by the creation of Israel itself. 176. As recorded by all the Western news media, Israel's actions in Lebanon were more brutal and inhuman than anything ever witnessed by the world before—a human holocaust which did not discriminate between men, women and children, the total destruc¬tion of everything on the land, under the pretext of security safeguards, a pretext universally acknowl¬edged to be fallacious. 177. We wonder what would be the fate of the world if all nations tried to solve their security problems in this manner. 178. The horrible massacre which shocked every¬one's conscience throughout the world has once again confirmed the dimensions of the blind fanaticism and the racist Zionist hatred of the Israeli regime directed against the defenseless, innocent people in the Palestinian camps, which had been evacuated by the Palestinian fighters when they left west Beirut under guarantees from the United States of America —which is precisely why that country bears a moral as well as a legal responsibility for what happened there. 179. Hence the international community is called upon to do more than express condemnation or shed tears, because evil forces do net react to moral prin¬ciples or human feelings. It is therefore necessary to restrain them by means that are not beyond the capabilities of the international community. As usual, Israel has not respected any agreements, pledges or charters. Its behavior is not governed by any values or principles. This is clearly shown by the extent of its disregard for United Nations resolutions—which is precisely what has led us to call upon Member States, after all that has happened, to suspend Israel's membership of the United Nations as a first step as well as a deterrent to force it to obey the will of the international community. 180. The Arab land, the cradle of divine revelations which participated in bringing the principles of peace, justice and brotherhood to the peoples of the world, is victim today to the Zionist arrogance of power, with all its American arms of destruction—an arro¬gance of power that has caused such frustration among the people of Palestine and the other peoples of the region that the resultant explosion threatens tc add a new element to the present conflict of power and arms, with the emergence of bitter anger and mutual hatred. 181. While drawing the attention of the international community to this dangerous abyss towards which our region is heading and which reminds us of the tragic human conflicts of the ages, we appeal to it firmly to resist this imminent danger. It is possible to disarm the hand, but difficult to defuse hatred in the heart. 182. After what happened in Lebanon, Kuwait is convinced that the independence, security, territorial integrity and safety of the brotherly people of that country cannot be a subject for debate. It follows that the necessary measures must be taken to compel Israel to abide by Security Council resolutions 308 (1982) and 509 (1982) calling for its immediate and unconditional withdrawal from Lebanese territory. 183. The Palestinian people, under the leadership of the PLO, have emerged from the latest tragic events much stronger and more united and cohesive. Through its conduct politically in negotiations and militarily on the battlefield, the PLO has proved that it is the legitimate spokesman of the Palestinian people and that it is deeply committed to international responsi¬bility and its role in the preservation of peace and security in the Middle East. 184. It has become obvious from a whole series of Israeli violations, such as the annexation of Jerusalem and the Syrian Golan Heights to the raid on the Iraqi nuclear installation and the barbaric invasion of Lebanon, that Israel's ultimate intention is to achieve one particular objective which it does not even bother to conceal—namely, the establishment of Greater Israel—and its strategy to achieve that objective has become crystal clear—namely, to use the flimsy pretext of security as a means of achieving ' its expansionist designs. 185. In their constant search for a peaceful, just and honorable solution to the Palestinian question, the Arab countries were able to manifest once again, at the Twelfth Arab Summit Conference, held in Fez, the Arab nation's capability of living up to the situation by adopting a series of general principles as an accepted basis for a peaceful and durable solution to the Palestinian question which would safeguard the legitimate rights of the people of Palestine. Elements of the proposed settlement were inspired by the Arab countries' sense of international and historical responsibility and the principles and bases of interna¬tional charters, as well as of United Nations reso-lutions, such as the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territories by force, the right of all peoples to full self-determination, free of any narrow or biased interpretation, the peaceful settlement of disputes and the Security Council's responsibility for maintaining international peace and security. 186. The unanimity shown by Arab heads of State in adopting the principles of the Fez Conference offers the international community a unique opportunity to move ahead on the road to a new era based on this initiative, which is rightly considered an important turning point whose meaning should not be lost on anyone and which expresses the genuine and firm desire of the Arab countries to end the conflict and preserve peace in the area. 187. It was not surprising to see that Israel rejected those Arab principles, for that rejection reflects the Israeli strategy in the Middle East—a strategy based on the consolidation of the and the impo¬sition of new on the international community. 188. In our view, the international community must consider those Arab principles as the greatest oppor-tunity ever offered to settle the Middle East crisis and the Palestine question on a concrete and realistic basis. 189. It is the view of Kuwait that the United States, in particular, should seriously consider this Arab ini-tiative, should understand its meaning and should respond to it positively so that it will become an accepted fact which will establish truth, security and justice in a region where the clouds of injustice and aggression have been and still are looming. On the other hand, the group of European countries which had for a long time sought to participate in any con¬structive approach to settling this thorny issue should seriously consider those principles and should not let the dream of peace in the Middle East be dashed by the misleading and deceptive policy of Israel. It is within our reach to hold on to the ray of hope—to preserve it and strengthen it so that it will eventually turn into an impregnable bulwark protecting the rights of the just and preserving peace. 190. I should now like to refer to what I said at the 18th meeting of the thirty-sixth session about the establishment of the Gulf Co-operation Council, which has now become a fact and which has proved to be the right and successful instrument for developing co¬operation among member States, improving their rela¬tions, and achieving co-ordination, integration and interdependence among their peoples in all fields, thereby serving their mutual interests and strength¬ening their capability of participating in the preserva¬tion of peace and security in that vital area of the world. It has also stressed another important fact: namely, that security and stability in the Arabian Gulf area are the responsibility of its peoples and countries, which reject foreign interference from any source and under any pretext and that the member States alone have the right to defend their security and maintain their independence. The Council has also emerged in the field of Arab relations as a tributary of Arab unity and solidarity. 191. Kuwait views with great concern the ongoing war between two Moslem neighbors, Iraq and Iran, which has exhausted, over a period of more than two years, the great potential of their human and economic resources and has exposed the area more than ever before to the possibility of intervention by foreign Powers attempting to impost their hege¬mony and their influence and to international areas and internal affairs. 192. Kuwait commends the positive initiative of fraternal Iraq concerning the withdrawal of its forces to the international borders and the cessation of hostilities. It views this as an honest and genuine contribution on the part of Iraq to put a quick end to the war. We are still hopeful that neighbouring Moslem Iran will soon follow Iraq's example in this respect. 193. Kuwait fully appreciates all the honest efforts exerted by all parties concerned to find an honorable and just solution to the dispute—one which would safeguard the rights and dignity of both parties. But in spite of the fact that those efforts have, unfor¬tunately, not been successful so far, we still believe in the necessity of continuing them and even inten¬sifying them. We also hope that the supreme interest of maintaining peace and security in the area will prevail over all other considerations. We are con¬vinced that the immediate cessation of hostilities would create the right climate for the solution of all problems, in accordance, above all, with the spirit and ideals of Islamic brotherhood and with interna¬tional law. 194. The situation on our Asian continent is still replete with explosive crises that threaten our peace and security. Foreign troops are still on Afghan soil, and all the efforts exerted by the United Nations to reach a peaceful and just solution to that crisis on the basis of the various resolutions adopted by the As¬sembly are foundering. While we appreciate the par¬ticipation of the parties to the dispute in the meeting recently held at Geneva under the aegis of the United Nations, we call for an intensification of efforts at subsequent meetings in order to arrive at a solution that will safeguard the rights of the people of Afghanistan to self-determination and to establish the political system they deem suitable, free from any foreign intervention. We also affirm the right of the Afghan refugees to return to their homeland. Kuwait is con¬vinced that none of these goals can be secured without the withdrawal of foreign troops from Afghanistan and non-intervention in its internal affairs. 195. We regret the failure of the efforts made so far to convene an international conference to discuss the Declaration of the Indian Ocean as a Zone of Peace. Kuwait has been stressing the need to convene such a conference because of its conviction that the peace and security of the Indian Ocean and the withdrawal of foreign bases from that area are vital and closely linked to international peace and security. Kuwait also reit¬erates its advocacy of the declaration of the Middle East as a nuclear-weapon-free zone in order to enable the countries of that region to concentrate on solving their development problems and carrying out their economic development programmes. 196. Like the Middle East, the African continent continues to be an arena of strife and conflict that threaten its political stability and impede its economic progress. The Middle East is plagued by an aggressive and racist Zionist regime, while the African continent is plagued by a similar racist regime that is still being imposed on the people of South Africa and Namibia despite all the international attempts to find a just and honorable solution to their problems. 197. Kuwait reiterates its support for and solidarity with the people of Namibia in their just struggle and with the black majority in South Africa as it struggles against the policies of discrimination and apartheid being pursued by the white minority in that country . We salute and support the front-line States and SWAPO for their political perseverance in attempting to find a peaceful settlement to the problem of Namibia. We also condemn the perverted methods used by the racist regime in South Africa in its attempts to obstruct a peaceful settlement to that problem. Kuwait would also urge the Western nations to exert the utmost pressure on South Africa in order to force it to respond positively to international efforts to achieve a comprehensive and just settlement to the situation in southern Africa. 198. Kuwait is also watching the development of the situation in Eritrea and hopes that a just solution that will guarantee that the people of Eritrea attain their national aspirations can be found. 199. In a few months the Seventh Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Coun¬tries will convene in the Indian capital. The movement non-aligned is still? 20 years after its creation, facing tremendous challenges; it requires from its members an increased adherence to its principles and ideology. By taking the initiative of not acting as host to the Seventh Conference, Iraq has proved its earnest desire to maintain the unity and effectiveness of the movement. Kuwait believes that States members of the movement should avoid being drawn into the conflict between the great Powers, which seek to polarize those States towards one camp or the other. Kuwait also feels a special interest in the forthcoming Conference in India and hopes that its results will reflect the aspirations of the third world. 200. We cannot fail to note the sense of disillusion¬ment felt by the international community at the failure of the second special session on disarmament. The continuing development of weapons of mass destruc¬tion, the continued conducting of nuclear tests and the continued stockpiling of huge quantities of weapons has exposed the lack of political will on the part of the Powers involved to create a favorable climate for disarmament. 201. Kuwait believes that the economic problems facing today's world are for the most part caused by the tremendous costs of the arms race. We therefore call upon the United Nations to refuse to allow itself to be impeded by the temporary set-back of the failure of the second special session and to continue its attempts to achieve the cherished aspirations and dreams of mankind. 202. Through its long experience in contributing to the development of third-world countries, Kuwait realizes that the achievement of development in the developing countries is primarily the responsibility of those countries. That responsibility, however, does not release the advanced countries from their commitments to the developing nations and, conse¬quently, a formula should be worked out to co-ordinate, follow up and implement the activities of economic co-operation among the developing nations them¬selves, on the one hand, and between them and the developed and advanced nations on the other. While Kuwait fully appreciates the efforts that were made during the past year to launch global negotiations to achieve economic co-operation, it expresses its disap¬pointment at the many obstacles being placed in the way of such negotiations by the developed nations, which continue to look upon this vital matter from the viewpoint of their selfish interests. 203. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea made important specific progress when it adopted the draft Convention which the Conference had been debating for more than 10 years. Kuwait, aware of its international responsibility, appeals to all nations which have not yet approved this Con¬vention to join the rest of the international community in its common conception of the organization and utilization of all the important and vital aspects of the Convention in the best interests and for the prosperity of mankind. Kuwait hopes that this Con¬vention will be ratified as soon as possible. 204. The delegation of Kuwait, while sharing the concern of the international community over the current international political and economic situation, is convinced that it is imperative to continue the dialogue and intensify the bilateral and multilateral contacts among all nations. This concern for interna¬tional peace and security, as expressed by all Mem¬ber States, makes us fully confident that, given honest intentions and explicit goals, it will be possible to realize our hopes in the establishment of co-operation among peoples and to avoid the evils of wars and disputes. Progress and prosperity will thus come closer and be more significant.