Mr. President, on behalf of the delegation of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, I would like to congratulate you on your election to the Presidency of the fifty- seventh session of the General Assembly. We are confident that your experience and wisdom, already well-proven, will ensure the success of this session. I would also like to thank your predecessor, His Excellency Mr. Han Seung-soo, for his able guidance of the work of the last session. Also, I would like to congratulate the Swiss Confederation and the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste on their admission to membership in the United Nations. I would also like to congratulate most warmly our United Nations Secretary-General, Kofi Annan, and the United Nations staff for their excellent work in promoting the noble goals of this Organization. We note with satisfaction the significant activities and the commendable international conferences held this past year, primarily the United Nations Conference on HIV/AIDS in New York, the Monterrey Conference on Financing for Development and the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. Such international conferences have placed the world before its collective responsibilities in dealing with core issues that require global solutions. What is at stake is the equilibrium and future of the world. This session is being held one year after the criminal attacks against New York and Washington. I would like to confirm once again that Mauritania totally condemns those terrorist acts. We condemn terrorism in all its forms. Mauritania will be actively involved in regional and international initiatives to combat that pernicious phenomenon. We reconfirm our full support for the relevant Security Council resolutions and are resolved to implement them, specifically resolution 1373 (2001) of 28 September 2001. The tragic events highlighted a new reality. Terrorism, instead of being a marginal phenomenon, has become a core issue ignoring borders and which can only be combated through a global strategy. Nobody should believe that fighting terrorism is a clash between two civilizations or cultures. Rather, we must act together to show that the elimination of terrorism is a new step taken by the human race towards further developing its comprehensive, all-inclusive civilization and attaining its aspirations for a safe and better future. In order to achieve peace and security, the United Nations must play an ever-larger part to strengthen international law. We noted the sustained efforts and the repeated calls for peace in the Middle East. We believe the Arab countries' initiative adopted at the Beirut Summit offers the ideal framework for comprehensive and lasting peace that will ensure progress and prosperity for all peoples in the region. We noted with great interest the vision of the President of the United States of America, Mr. George Bush, who spoke of the need for the coexistence of two independent States, Palestine and Israel, and efforts by the Quartet and the European Union with a view to the establishment of an independent Palestinian State with Al-Quds al-Sharif as its capital. This play is pursuant to the terms of reference of Madrid and the land-for- peace principle and is also in accordance with Security Council resolutions 242 (1967), 338 (1973) and 425 (1978. We reiterate the need for an immediate Israeli withdrawal from all territories of the Palestinian Authority, an end to the suffering of the Palestinian people and the immediate resumption of peace negotiations. This is the only way to have peace and security in the Middle East. We hope to see a return to peace, stability and harmony in the Gulf region. We oppose the use of force against Iraq and affirm our support for a peaceful 25 solution to settle the crisis in accordance with international law. We are concerned that there should be respect for the independence and territorial integrity of Kuwait, and respect for the independence and territorial integrity of Iraq. Once again we call for the lifting of the embargo against the Iraqi people, which has now been in place for more than 12 years. With regard to Western Sahara, we support the efforts by the Secretary-General and his Personal Envoy, James Baker, to find a definitive solution to insure stability in the region, one that would be accepted by all of the parties. On developments pursuant to the Lockerbie crisis, we welcome the significant steps taken by the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to find a diplomatic solution to the problem. We think it is now up to the Security Council to take the necessary steps to lift the embargo imposed on Libya. Turning to our own continent, Africa, we welcome the birth of the African Union, which will be a framework for enabling the African peoples to achieve their aspirations for progress and development. We also support the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), which seeks to strengthen regional cooperation to achieve economic integration, and we welcome the support given to this initiative by our development partners. Mauritania reiterates its support for the People's Republic of China, the sole legitimate representative of the Chinese people, pursuant to General Assembly resolution 2758 (XXVI) of 1971. Mauritania welcomes the efforts made by the Government of the People's Republic of China for the peaceful reunification of that country. We have now seen it proven that violence and extremism result from poverty and despair. The international community must therefore make more efforts in the areas of human solidarity and social progress everywhere in the world. We call for the necessary assistance to be provided to the countries of the South and for the opening of the markets of the developed countries to the products of developing countries. Investment opportunities in developing countries should be increased. Despite the huge challenges and a difficult economic international situation, the Islamic Republic of Mauritania has taken major steps towards development and construction, as noted by our President at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. We have established solid foundations for sustainable development and have developed a clear-cut strategy to combat poverty. We have taken steps towards comprehensive education, health care and other social services for our people such as drinking water, electricity and communications. Illiteracy and ignorance are major obstacles to development. We have launched broad literacy and education campaigns for our citizens. We have been able to do this because of our pluralist democratic system, which insures freedoms and human rights in an atmosphere of security and stability. The United Nations Charter seeks common goals of freedom and solidarity for all people. New developments in the international arena in the last few years require our Organization, including the Security Council, to adapt to changes. Today, more than ever before, we must comply with the commitments we made to achieve a new world order based on justice and rights law, to ensure peace, security and dignity for all.