At the outset, I wish to extend to Mr. Han Seung-soo greetings from the Government and the people of the Republic of Vanuatu. I wish to convey to him the apologies of my Government for not being able to be represented here at the ministerial level owing to the fact that our Parliament is currently in session. I should also like to take this opportunity to convey my Government’s congratulations to him on his election as President of the fifty-sixth session of the General Assembly. I also pay tribute to his predecessor, who so ably played a decisive role at the helm of the fifty-fifth session. In addition, allow me to congratulate the Secretary-General, Mr. Kofi Annan, on his election to a second term at the head of this esteemed world body. His assured wisdom and compassion are needed now more than ever to lead this Organization. I have the great honour, in standing before the Assembly today, to deliver a statement on behalf of my Government and the people of the Republic of Vanuatu at a time so sad that words cannot begin to convey the scope of our emotions. Let me express the sincere sympathy and condolences of my Government and the people of Vanuatu to the families and friends of the victims of the tragedy that struck downtown New York, Washington, D.C., and Pennsylvania. In light of these events, since the 11 September attacks, the General Assembly has been forced to suspend most of its 35 agenda, including this general debate among heads of State and Government. It is ironic that as the world becomes more civilized, we become more vulnerable to such inhuman acts of terrorism. The impacts of these terrorist activities are being felt around the globe, and small States such as mine will suffer along with the rest of the international community. If any good has come out of the despicable events of 11 September, it is that nations the world over are more united than ever in condemning and collaborating to eradicate these terrible acts of terrorism. My Government has taken steps to tighten security and is working closely with other Pacific island States towards building and strengthening peace and security in our region. Global peace and security cannot be certain in this climate of continued difference of views between major nuclear-weapon States. The lack of progress on this is reflected by the stalemate prevailing in the Conference on Disarmament. The agreements reached during the 2000 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons were not realized; the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty has not entered into force; and global military expenditures continue to rise. More committed efforts and innovative strategies are needed to meet the goals of the Millennium Declaration. Vanuatu believes that the Conference on Disarmament should work towards that end. The Third United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, held in Brussels in May this year, was highly successful and produced the Brussels Declaration and the Programme of Action for Least Developed Countries for the Decade 2001-2010. We appreciate the view of the Secretary-General that the Declaration reaffirms the collective responsibility of the international community to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and equity and to ensure that globalization becomes a positive force for all the world’s people. We believe that without the coordinated involvement of the whole United Nations system, there will be little the United Nations can achieve. The Government of Vanuatu, like other Governments around the world, is committed to enhancing the status of women. It is well documented that women in Vanuatu are disadvantaged in almost all sectors. In 1995, Vanuatu unanimously ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Accordingly, the Government of Vanuatu is focusing on the Convention as the basis for programmes on women’s rights and development in Vanuatu. A lack of resources has hindered Vanuatu’s progress in submitting its first two reports. The Government, however, recognizes the importance of the reports in terms of building up and monitoring its own human resources development requirements and is thus putting greater effort into the production of these reports. Indeed, no country can afford to waste half of its human resources. Vanuatu remains steadfast in its commitments and obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Since ratifying the Convention in 1992, the Government of Vanuatu has implemented decisions and undertaken activities that promote the advancement of children in our society. A National Children’s Committee, whose membership is made up of stakeholders, has been revived and is officially recognized as the regulatory body for coordinating and supervising children’s rights throughout the nation. The electoral assistance provided by the United Nations for Fiji’s national election has greatly facilitated the democratic transition in that country. We welcome the new focus on supporting institutions and stimulating local participation. We also welcome other efforts to deploy the Electoral Assistance Division to coordinate the activities of foreign observers in forthcoming elections, particularly in East Timor and hopefully in Solomon Islands. We commend the United Nations for its assistance in empowering the citizens of Member States to enjoy the power of democracy. We recognize the efforts of the United Nations in bridging the gap between human rights norms and their implementation. Despite some progress, challenges remain in ensuring universal respect for human rights. The Republic of Vanuatu is a party to nearly all core human rights treaties. We feel there is a continuing need for human and institutional capacity-building in developing countries in order to ensure the implementation of human rights conventions and treaties they have signed. This is an area where the United Nations should follow a needs-based approach and make a realistic assessment of the existing mechanisms. 36 The East Timorese people, who have already elected their Constituent Assembly, will democratically elect their President and soon exercise full sovereignty over their entire territory; this positive development is a big leap. It affirms the outstanding commitment of the Committee of 24 in deliberating on the right of peoples to self-determination. However, there are those who are still waiting to exercise this right. At this session’s general debate, I am pleased to note that the report of the Secretary-General on the work of the Organization gives special mention to West Papua. The Secretary-General intends to enhance our efforts to assist Indonesia in seeking to establish a democratic society and in addressing the wide range of complex issues facing that country. The Secretary-General also underlined the efforts of the Indonesian authorities to further the promotion of human rights and find peaceful resolutions to the problems in West Papua, Aceh and Maluku. During the thirty-second Pacific Islands Forum in Nauru, Forum leaders expressed continuing concern about violence and loss of life in the Indonesian province of West Papua. The Forum also called on the Indonesian authorities to ensure to that the voices of all parties in West Papua be heard in order to achieve a peaceful resolution. Our leaders welcomed the recent presentation of special autonomy proposals to Indonesia’s national assembly, while urging all parties to protect and uphold the human rights of all residents in West Papua. I am extremely pleased to inform the Assembly that the Government of Vanuatu has agreed to host the Special Committee of 24 on decolonization seminar in Port Vila, Vanuatu, in May of next year. We look forward to that important meeting. The Republic of Vanuatu wishes to join others in expressing our appreciation to the Secretary-General for his comprehensive report on the implementation of the recommendations of the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations and of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations. Vanuatu is a new supporter of the United Nations peacekeeping role in East Timor and Bosnia and has contributed civilian police to these United Nations peacekeeping initiatives. The Vanuatu Government remains committed to future peacekeeping engagements. Vanuatu has also monitored the Bougainville peace process alongside the United Nations. One of the more pressing issues before us is that of climate change and sea-level rise. The United Nations has now scheduled a World Summit on Sustainable Development, to be held in Johannesburg, South Africa, in September of next year. The Pacific Islands Forum communiqué reflected on climate change in seeking the international community’s awareness of our low-lying islands in the Pacific and reiterating the priority of the Kyoto Protocol as a significant step forward for global action in combating climate change. Although signed by many of the industrialized countries, including the United States, the Kyoto Protocol has not yet been ratified by many of them. We are very concerned that the United States Senate has actually voted against ratification. Our Forum leaders noted the concerns expressed by most members over the United States intention not to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. We urge the United States to reconsider its position and to ratify the Kyoto Protocol as soon as possible. While the incidence of HIV/AIDS is not as high in the Pacific as in some other regions, it is nevertheless a major issue for both developing and developed countries within our region. Vanuatu’s delegation is of the firm view that prevention should be the mainstay of combating HIV/AIDS in our region. The relatively low number of reported HIV/AIDS cases in a number of our countries should not give rise to complacency. Once the disease takes hold, care and treatment can be extremely expensive. In this respect, Vanuatu welcomes the establishment of a Global Fund to combat HIV/AIDS, and we wish to express our appreciation to those Governments, foundations and private companies that have already expressed support. Meanwhile, strategies and plans for resource mobilization must keep in mind the competing priorities of, and the constraints faced by, smaller States like Vanuatu. In conclusion, the Vanuatu delegation reaffirms its support and conviction for the crucial role that the United Nations has in ensuring that the world becomes a much safer place in which to live.