First of all, I would like to congratulate our President on her election to this high post and to assure her of the full support of Ukraine throughout her mandate. I would also like to express our deep appreciation of her predecessor and my good friend, Mr. Jan Eliasson, for his outstanding contribution to progress in implementing the decisions of the 2005 World Summit. I would also like to pay special tribute to the Secretary-General, Mr. Kofi Annan, who is about to relinquish his important and noble mission. I praise Mr. Annan for his valuable personal contributions and devoted efforts to further all aspects of United Nations activities and wish him the best in his further endeavours. We are convinced that the next Secretary-General must be a person truly deserving of the post and who will discharge this responsible duty with honour. I would like to again emphasize the justified position of the Eastern European States regarding the priority right for a representative of this region to be appointed to the top post at the United Nations. Eastern Europe remains the only region that has never had a representative serve as Secretary-General. In this respect, we welcome the nomination of Ms. Vaira Vike- Freiberga, President of the Republic of Latvia. Our achievements in implementing last year’s Summit decisions are quite impressive. The Human Rights Council, of which Ukraine is an active member, has started its work. The Peacebuilding Commission, the Central Emergency Response Fund and the United Nations Democracy Fund are all functioning and making important contributions towards overcoming disasters and injustice. All of these are notable milestones in the process of reforming the United Nations. Still, we are far from ensuring the adaptation of our Organization to today’s realities, let alone preparing it for addressing tomorrow’s threats and challenges. The reform of the Security Council, the strengthening of the Economic and Social Council, the promotion of the 2005 World Summit agenda for development and improvement in the management of the Secretariat have yet to be tackled. It is well known that without the modernization of the Security Council, an indispensable pillar of the collective security system, reform of the United Nations would be incomplete. From standpoint of the Member States of the Eastern European Group, this thesis could be paraphrased as follows: no enlargement of the Security Council would be complete without ensuring the enhanced representation of Eastern Europe. The doubling of the Group’s membership since 1991, with, most recently, the Republic of Montenegro joining the United Nations as its one hundred ninety- second Member, supports our argument. At this point, I would like to welcome the friendly Republic of Montenegro to the United Nations family. We need to unite our efforts so that the United Nations — that is, all of us together — can adequately respond to the broad spectrum of existing and future challenges in the areas of security, development and human rights. Recent commemoration of the fifth anniversary of the barbaric terrorist attack on this city, as well as the growing number of terrorist acts in many parts of the world, should leave no doubt that terrorism continues to remain one of the most dangerous threats of the present day. Ukraine welcomes the recent adoption by the General Assembly of the Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy and is ready to make important contributions towards its effective realization. This important decision has become another strong signal that terrorism will not be tolerated. The Strategy also testifies to the readiness of the international community to strengthen coordination and increase the effectiveness of measures to combat this hideous phenomenon, within the framework of a concrete 06-53329 20 action plan. On its part, Ukraine recently ratified the Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism. We call upon Member States to make additional efforts during the current session of the General Assembly to elaborate on and adopt the comprehensive convention on international terrorism. Ukraine is deeply concerned with the situation in the Middle East. Recent events in Lebanon and the continuing Israeli-Palestinian crisis have shown the need for more decisive international efforts aimed at returning peace and stability to this region. Violence and hatred cannot become the alternatives to the restoration of dialogue and negotiations aimed at achieving a comprehensive and lasting settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict on all of its tracks. Ukraine therefore welcomes the adoption of Security Council resolution 1701 (2006) on Lebanon. Support of the resolution by all parties in the region allows for hope that it will be fully implemented. As a longstanding contributor to the United Nations Peacekeeping efforts, including in the Middle East, Ukraine made its concrete proposals on contributing to the enhanced United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon. The inability to agree on a set of commitments regarding disarmament and non-proliferation was one of the major setbacks of the 2005 World Summit. More than a decade ago Ukraine made a historic contribution in this area when it unilaterally renounced the world’s third largest nuclear weapons arsenal. Therefore, we call upon Member States to strive for progress in the areas of disarmament and non-proliferation in the United Nations and other forums, for the sake of future generations. Lately, the international community has been concerned with the nuclear programme of Iran. Ukraine supports the efforts of those countries that seek to gain Teheran’s return to full and close cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Appropriate levels of transparency and cooperation with Iran on this issue would help to ease the concerns of the international community. Ukraine stands for the right of all nations to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes; however, in realizing this right, nations must fully adhere to commitments in the field of non-proliferation. One of the most important tests of the ability of the United Nations to deal effectively with inter-ethnic conflict will be how the future status of Kosovo is handled. Taking into account the fragile situation in and around Kosovo, the political process of determining its future status should be handled with maximum responsibility by all the parties involved. Any imposed decision leading to a unilateral change of borders of that internationally recognized democratic State will inevitably destabilize the situation in the Balkan region and set dangerous precedents in Europe and the entire world. Unfortunately, we are already witnessing the unfolding of an undesirable scenario created by attempts to use the Kosovo settlement as a precedent for claiming independence for several self-proclaimed regimes within the boundaries of the former Soviet Union. I refer to so-called referendums on independence recently held in Transdniestria, Moldova, and scheduled for the near future in South Ossetia, Georgia. Ukraine and the international community do not recognize these referendums, considering them illegitimate and without legal consequences. Ukraine supports the need for negotiations between Belgrade and Pristina aimed at finding a mutually acceptable solution based on Security Council decisions, including resolution 1244 (1999). It is extremely important to ensure that the decision of the Security Council on the final status of Kosovo does not impose a solution, which can be taken only with the clearly expressed consent of both parties concerned. As representative of Ukraine and Chair of the GUAM — Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Moldova Group — Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, I would like to thank the countries that supported placing on the agenda of the sixty-first session of the General Assembly item 27 on protracted conflicts in the GUAM area and their implications for international peace, security and development. It is an important step that will help to draw attention to the need for more active and effective steps by the international community to achieve progress in settling conflicts on the territory of Azerbaijan, Georgia and Moldova. We call for implementing the initiative proposed by the President of Ukraine on Transdniestria entitled “To settlement through democracy”, the plan for a peace settlement in South Ossetia presented by the President of Georgia, and for implementing the Security Council resolutions and OSCE decisions on the conflicts in Nagorny Karabakh and Abkhazia. These conflicts are among the main obstacles to the 21 06-53329 full-scale democratic transformation of the region, which is among the core elements of Ukraine’s regional policy. Having gained a new level of integration during the Kyiv Summit last May, GUAM member States set as their main goals the strengthening of democratic values, the rule of law, and human rights and fundamental freedoms, the deepening of European integration, and the achievement of sustainable development and the greater well-being of their peoples. The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC) is another promising model of multilateral political and economic cooperation. During the 14 years of its dynamic existence, that organization has proved its value as a framework for regional cooperation. Because issues of energy security are very important for Europe today, the Black Sea and Caspian Sea regions take on special significance for the secure, stable extraction and transportation of energy resources. Ukraine is ready to take an active part in promoting energy projects within the BSEC framework. We are convinced that the BSEC can effectively support the efforts of the world community to combat terrorism, resolve the so-called frozen conflicts in the region and combat trans-border crime. It is necessary to coordinate BSEC activity with corresponding programmes supported by the United Nations, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the European Union and NATO. The Forum of the Community of Democratic Choice (CDC), held in Kyiv in December 2005, is another example of cooperation aimed at strengthening European democratic values in Eastern Europe. The CDC is a forum in which the States of the Baltic Sea- Black Sea-Caspian Sea area with the Balkans discuss their aspirations for the higher democratic standards required for full-scale European integration. GUAM, BSEC and the CDC are valuable contributions to the creation of an Eastern Europe area akin to the European Union area of democracy, stability and prosperity. Democracy, the rule of law and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms are essential elements of Ukraine’s domestic and foreign policies. That is why we are proud to have been elected to the Human Rights Council. As a member of that body, Ukraine is ready to work with other States to bring about real change through the promotion of human rights worldwide. The international community is responsible for protecting people threatened with genocide or other violations of fundamental human rights. In two years, we will mark the sixtieth anniversary of the United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. One and a half decades before the adoption of the Convention, and even before the tragedy of the Holocaust, the Ukrainian people was a victim of genocide. Deliberately organized by the Communist totalitarian regime for the purpose of destroying the vital core of the freedom-loving Ukrainian people — its peasantry — the Holodomor in Ukraine of 1932 and 1933 killed 7 million to 10 million innocent men, women and children, about 25 per cent of Ukraine’s population at that time. The Communist regime tried to conceal the scale and tragic consequences of that inhuman crime from the world community, and they succeeded for a long time. After Ukraine regained its independence, many new appalling and horrifying facts were revealed. The parliaments of a number of countries have recognized the Holodomor of 1932 and 1933 as an act of genocide. Ukraine calls on the United Nations, as the collective voice of the international community, to contribute to the commemoration of the sixtieth anniversary of the Convention by recognizing the Holodomor as an act of genocide against the Ukrainian people. That step would contribute towards making genocide and mass abuse of human rights impossible in the future. With the same aim, a number of events will take place in Kyiv tomorrow to commemorate the sixty-fifth anniversary of the Babyn Yar tragedy. The mass executions by the Nazis there were among the first sad pages of the evolving tragedy of the Holocaust. Etched in the memory of the Ukrainian people, it also saw the death of tens of thousands of Soviet prisoners of war of various nationalities. This event will be yet another important reminder of the lessons of history and the need to prevent all manifestations of anti-Semitism, xenophobia and intolerance. Needless to say, we should focus on implementing the Millennium Development Goals and new commitments on the global development agenda made at the 2005 World Summit. There has been mixed progress in this area, and the commitments and promises made have not yet been translated into action 06-53329 22 with direct impact on the lives of peoples in need. The response to global threats should be effective and timely. It took the international community nearly 20 years since the first recorded cases of AIDS to recognize that this disease could threaten the very existence of humanity. The twenty-sixth special session of the Assembly initiated by Ukraine together with other States, and held in 2001, was a turning point in combating HIV/AIDS. I want to confirm Ukraine’s commitment to implementing the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS (resolution S-26/2) and to express hope for continuing close cooperation in this field with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, with the World Bank and with United Nations specialized agencies. Lately, we have witnessed the emergence of a new disease that potentially poses no less a challenge to humanity than HIV/AIDS. Avian influenza threatens the entire world and knows no borders. It is our joint responsibility to ensure that all countries are protected against this threat. Combating the spread of avian influenza and preparations for a possible pandemic of human influenza demand concerted action at the national, regional and global levels. Should we repeat the mistakes of the past or should we learn the lessons and thus meet the challenge prepared? We believe that the General Assembly should consider the problem and provide the answer. In the more than 60 years since its creation, the United Nations has grown both in numbers — from 51 States to 192 — and in quality. Our Organization has gained invaluable experience in changing the world so that every person can enjoy more security, justice and dignity. However, much remains yet to be achieved. I believe that it is within our power and in our interest to do all we can to ensure that the world is united not only by a common past but by a common future as well.