On behalf of the Zambian delegation, I congratulate you, Madam President, on your election as President of the sixty- first session of the United Nations General Assembly. It is indeed significant to have a lady holding the highest office of the General Assembly after almost three decades. To us, this attests to the commitment of the United Nations to the principle of gender equality. I would like to take this opportunity to welcome a new member to the United Nations, the Republic of Montenegro. Madam President, I wish to pay tribute to your predecessor, Mr. Jan Eliasson, the Foreign Minister of Sweden, who successfully presided over the sixtieth session. He rendered selfless commitment and devotion to the search for consensus on a number of issues, including the 2005 World Summit Outcome. It is pleasing to note that during his presidency, a number of decisions were taken, including the establishment of the Peacebuilding Commission and the Human Rights Council. Allow me to also pay fitting tribute to the outgoing Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mr. Kofi Annan, for the outstanding leadership he has provided to our Organization, particularly in his efforts to reform it into a more vibrant and accountable body. His vision and stewardship of the Organization has set the United Nations on a new course. We wish him well in his future endeavours as he leaves office. It is now up to us Member States to summon sufficient will to make his vision a reality. The world today is faced with challenges of extreme poverty and underdevelopment, conflicts among and between nations and terrorism, which have 37 06-53341 given rise to increased insecurity all over the world. In addition, human trafficking is on the increase worldwide. Often, innocent women and children in search of a better life, are sold and made to engage in illicit activities. That is a gross violation of human rights, which must be seriously addressed by the international community. The 2005 Summit Outcome set a global agenda to address those challenges. Much has been achieved, but more remains to be done if we are to build a world body that is effective and relevant to the challenges faced. Indeed, as Mr. Kofi Annan has indicated in his “In Larger Freedom” report, “we will not enjoy development without security, we will not enjoy security without development, and we will not enjoy either without respect for human rights.” (A/59/2005, para. 17) The guiding principles of the United Nations Charter incorporate the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. We believe that without the protection of those rights and freedoms, meaningful development cannot be achieved. As one of the 47 Member States elected to the newly established Human Rights Council, Zambia is committed to upholding the tenets of human rights in our country and the world at large. In that regard, Zambia commends the United Nations for establishing the Human Rights Council, and as a pioneer member, pledges to give it all the support that it will require. We commit ourselves to assist in formulating rules and structures designed to ensure a strong Council that is transparent, non-selective and non-politicized and that promotes dialogue and cooperation among Member States. I am pleased to state that Zambia has made progress in consolidating human rights and good governance. Zambia has further strengthened the rule of law and upheld the highest standards of individual freedoms for all citizens, without discrimination based on sex, colour, race or religious affiliation. In that regard, we appeal to the international community to assist us to strengthen and build the capacities of human rights institutions and all related institutions that have an important role to play in the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Permit me at this juncture to thank the international community for electing Zambia to the Human Rights Council, with the second highest number of votes. With regard to increased global insecurity, Zambia reaffirms that a new vision of collective security is required. Member States of the United Nations expect the collective mechanism to address threats, such as war, weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, organized crime and civil conflict, infectious diseases, extreme poverty and environmental degradation. If the United Nations is to strengthen the operations of that collective mechanism, Member States must work through the United Nations Security Council and other United Nations agencies to develop stronger anti-terrorism, nuclear non-proliferation, disarmament and crime prevention regimes. Zambia will continue to actively pursue measures intended to curtail terrorism through various actions, including taking appropriate national legislative reforms. To that end, we welcome the recent adoption by the General Assembly of the Global Counter- Terrorism Strategy and look forward to the adoption of the comprehensive convention on international terrorism. Our Organization cannot afford to avoid addressing situations that threaten international peace and security, such as the recent case of Lebanon. Pitifully, we witnessed a case of the inaction of the Security Council, a body charged with the responsibility of maintaining international peace and security. That state of affairs only reaffirms the need to reform the Security Council, with regard to its working methods and the enlargement of its membership. In that regard, Zambia reaffirms Africa’s well-known position on the matter. At this stage, I would be remiss if I did not mention the Great Lakes region, which is emerging from a protracted period of conflict, followed by a period of successful transition towards democracy. The International Conference on the Great Lakes Region will hold its second summit in Nairobi in December 2006, to adopt the draft pact on security, stability and development in the region. In that regard, we need the continued political and financial support of the international community to ensure its adoption. It is important to confirm that the peacebuilding and development process in the Great Lakes region has 06-53341 38 reached a very advanced stage at all the three- dimensional levels, namely: international partnership, regional ownership and national stewardship. The vision for integrated and sustainable human development in the Great Lakes region is now reassured. The cessation of conflicts in the region, has already fed into the collective will to transform the subregion into a place of sustainable peace, political security and development. Extreme poverty and deprivation breed disease. The number of people living with or affected by HIV/AIDS and the deaths caused by AIDS have continued to grow in the world today. Furthermore, between 350 and 500 million people per year are exposed to malaria, which is estimated to be the number one cause of mortality in most developing countries. Zambia, like many of the developing countries adversely affected by those diseases, supports all the efforts made by the international community in combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis. We therefore welcome the creation of an international drug purchase facility to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. This will not only facilitate easy access to medicine but will also lower the costs and therefore benefit many countries, especially in the developing world. Poverty in the world today accounts for many of the social and economic injustices that people are subjected to in many developing countries. Four years ago, a bargain was struck in Monterrey between developed and developing countries on the implementation of a comprehensive strategy bold enough to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. Developed countries were urged to support those efforts with action on aid, trade and debt relief. While we commend the developed countries for taking tangible steps to fulfil their commitments, we call upon them to do so as a matter of urgency. It is saddening to note that six years after the Millennium Declaration was signed, the majority of our people in Africa are still exposed to abject poverty and live on less than $1 per day. Although there has been significant progress in achieving the MDGs, much more remains to be done in order to reverse the negative trends of poverty and the continued marginalization of people across the world. We call for the removal of the unjust multilateral trade system, which continues to hamper the fair participation of the developing and least developed countries in the global market. We would like to draw the attention of the Assembly to the role of our developing partners, particularly, in the quick and concrete implementation of the Doha Development Agenda. It should be pointed out that with fair trading practices, developing and least developed countries would take a significant step towards self-sustenance and reduce dependence on aid. Furthermore, we welcome the outcome of the Gleneagles Summit, at which the leaders of the Group of Eight pledged to increase aid to Africa by $25 billion a year by 2010. We also express our gratitude to those leaders for extending and deepening debt relief to the poorest countries through the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative. That Initiative has resulted in 100-per-cent cancellation of the debt owed to the international multilateral financial institutions by the poor countries that have reached the completion point under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Debt Initiative. Zambia is one such country. In addition, our gratitude goes to the other cooperating partners for agreeing to expand aid to developing countries by approximately $50 billion. Those resources will indeed contribute to the advancement of the MDGs. Although in the recent past we have seen an increase in the commitment of aid resources and action and a reaffirmation of the principle of mutual accountability, there is still an urgent need to ensure that aid is managed efficiently and used effectively for the achievement of the MDGs. It is equally important to closely monitor the donor commitments and aid flows targeted at achieving the MDGs that we have set for ourselves to improve the lives of the poor and most vulnerable in the global community. The people in the developing countries have been listening attentively to the promises that we have made in various international forums. They continue to monitor those commitments. Their expectations and aspirations are very high. It is therefore incumbent on us to ensure that those commitments and promises are fulfilled. The twenty-first century has been declared the century for the development of Africa. Let us therefore show true commitment to that cause. In a world where there is no true partnership between the rich nations and the poor nations, there can be no global security, no universal justice, no human rights and no 39 06-53341 meaningful development. More than ever before, all of us — rich and poor nations alike — have to work together to create a sense of equal partnership. We all need to fulfil our commitments within a given time frame and enter into new ones in order to reach our goal of a world free of hunger, extreme poverty and disease — indeed, a world where we can live in a secure, clean and sustainable environment.