United Arab Republic

104. Madam President, your election to this high international post is manifold in its significance. It is a recognition of your role in the defence of the United Nations Charter and the right of the peoples of Africa to independence and self-determination. It is also an added illustration that the values upheld by the African woman transcend African frontiers and cross wider universal horizons. We further share in rejoicing at your election because bonds of brotherhood and the common struggle for the liberty and progress of Africa bind our two countries and peoples. I have full confidence that you will lead the twenty-fourth session of the General Assembly with the greatest skill and objectivity, which are characteristic of your conduct in all the posts we have known you to occupy. 105. I also wish to express here the deep sorrow of the United Arab Republic at the tragic death of Mr. Arenales, President of the twenty-third session of the General Assembly. His untimely demise shocked those who knew him and it was, indeed, a great loss for the Government and the friendly people of Guatemala. 106. The conflict which engulfs the Middle East today is between aggression manifested in Israel’s occupation of Arab territories aimed at expansion in these territories and the will to achieve peace based on the United Nations Charter, which condemns aggression and expansion and ensures the territorial integrity and the political independence of all States. 107. Israel’s policy of continued occupation of Arab territories to realize its expansionist aims by usurping more Arab lands and expelling more Arab citizens, is only comparable in modern history to Nazi aggression based on the fiction of racial supremacy as a justification for aggression against other peoples and the usurpation of their rights and homeland. 108. The crime of the arson of the Al Agsa Mosque in Jerusalem stands in repulsive contrast to man’s progress towards the unity of his civilization and faith. The guilt of this crime weighs heavily upon racist Zionism, which occupies Jerusalem by the force of arms, destroying the houses of God as well as the houses of the Palestinians and undeterred in fulfilling its dreams of expansion and domination by any law, be it of God or man. The crime of the arson of Al Aqsa Mosque is not the first crime by Zionism on the land of Palestine or other Arab lands, nor will it be its last, so long as it believes that the international community is incapable of standing up to enforce on it the rule of the Charter. 109. Every day that passes without the withdrawal of the Israeli forces from the occupied Arab territories is, in itself, a new aggression. It is an aggression whose dangerous and criminal character is constantly aggravated with every raid Israel commits against the Arab countries and every attack it commits against Arab civilians, civilian targets and Arab economic achievements. 110. The crimes which Israel commits daily against the Arab citizens in the occupied Arab territories reach, in the case Of Israel, the same level of criminality practised by Nazi Germany against the peoples of occupied Europe. Israel deludes itself in believing that by throwing thousands of Arab citizens into the camps of torture, by expelling more Arab citizens, by the destruction of Arab villages and houses, and all other measures of police terror against the people of the occupied territories, it can ultimately achieve its aim of forcing Arab citizens to submit to occupation and to give up their legitimate resistance. But Israel is as hopelessly blind as were all other occupiers to a fundamental fact—that the struggle of all peoples against occupation and aggression is ultimately more powerful than all the armies of occupation, and that the faith and the will of liberation inevitably overcome forces of usurpation and aggression. 111. This is the fourth time that the General Assembly has convened under the shadow of Israel’s occupation of the territories of three States Members of the United Nations since Israel committed its aggression on 5 June 1967. 112. The General Assembly first met in an emergency special session, especially called in June 1967, to consider the situation arising from Israel’s aggression against the Arab countries. Despite the diversions of views which characterized the deliberations at that session, there nevertheless existed one fundamental point: the absolute necessity of withdrawing Israeli forces from all the territories they have occupied. Every Member State of this Organization voted for this principle in the General Assembly, whether they supported the non-aligned draft resolution or the Latin American draft. There was not a single proposal submitted to the emergency special session which failed to provide for Israel’s withdrawal from all of the occupied territories. At its emergency special session, the General Assembly also adopted, by an overwhelming majority, resolutions stating the illegitimacy of the Israeli measures for the annexation of Jerusalem [resolutions 2253 (ES-V) and 2254 (ES-V)]. This continued to be the United Nations position in many resolutions which it has persistently adopted and which Israel, with equal persistence, continued in arrogance and defiance to reject; the last of these was adopted by the Security Council on the 15th of this very month [resolution 271 (1969)]. 113. With regard to the citizens of the occupied territories, who have been forced to leave their homes as a result of Israeli aggression, the General Assembly has adopted unanimous resolutions which provide for their return to their homes in the occupied territories. Israel expresses its continuous rejection and defiance of these resolutions in terms and in a language heretofore unheard in the international society. 114. In the autumn of 1967 intensive consultations were held among the members of the Security Council, in which the permanent members of the Security Council played a principal role. These consultations resulted in the adoption of Security Council resolution 242 (1967) of 22 November 1967, which provides for a peaceful settlement in the Middle East. In accordance with this resolution, the Secretary-General appointed a Special Representative for the implementation of the resolution. 115. Since his first visit to Cairo in December 1967, the United Arab Republic has informed Ambassador Jarring of its acceptance of the Security Council resolution and of its readiness to implement all its obligations arising from this resolution. We also proposed to him, in the course of our contacts, that he should set up a time-table for the implementation of the resolution. 116. Furthermore, we have informed the Special Representative that we consider it necessary that the Security Council should undertake the supervision of, and guarantee the implementation of, the resolution of 22 November [242 (1967)]. This necessity stems from Israel’s record of aggression and unilateral denunciation of the international agreements it has signed with the Arab States. 117. Israel has rejected the Security Council resolution Israeli spokesmen in the United Nations have desperately attempted to conceal this fact, through semantics and deceptive abuse of words. The official statements which Israeli leaders have been issuing, in competition with one another, have served in revealing, beyond any doubt, Israel’s plans for territorial expansion, as well as its policy of defiance and rejection of the Security Council resolution. 118. There is not a single principle in that resolution which has escaped Israel’s rejection, either by deed or by word. It has already taken measures to annex Arab territories, and its leaders have reiterated their insistence on territorial aggrandizement in the occupied territories. Thus, Israel rejects and challenges: the principle of the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war; the principle of the sovereignty of States over their territories; the principle of territorial integrity and political independence of the States in the region. Furthermore, Israel, by its continued occupation of Arab territories, is obstructing the termination of the state of belligerency. 119. Throughout 1968 and in the first few months of 1969, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General pursued his contacts; these were destined to come to a standstill, however, as a result of the collision between Israel’s policy of expansion and the provisions of the Security Council resolution. It was impossible for Israel, no matter how clever its spokesmen were in the abuse of words, to conceal this one fundamental contradiction. This has resulted in the fact that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General was forced, early this year, to suspend his contacts. 120. In the early spring, France took the initiative to hold talks among the four permanent members of the Security Council with a view to implementing the 22 November 1967 Security Council resolution, and to assist the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in the pursuit of his mission. 121. On our part, we have welcomed the initiative of France, whose Middle Eastern policy has been consistently motivated by a consciousness of its responsibilities and its commitments arising from the Charter—a stand which has been greatly appreciated by the Arab peoples. We have also welcomed the talks by the four Powers arising out of their special responsibility in the maintenance of international peace and security, and the fact that these consultations have taken place within the framework of the Security Council resolution and its implementation. Once again, Israel stood against this step and declared its opposition to this new attempt aimed at the implementation of the Security Council resolution. 122. Today the entire world is witness to Israel’s plan of expansion, as revealed by its actions in the occupied territories and the declarations of its leaders. 123. First, there is the West Bank of the Jordan. The Prime Minister of Israel stated in February 1969 that “the Jordan River must become a security border for Israel with all that that implies” and that the Israeli army was to be stationed “on the strip along that border“. 124. Secondly, there is Jerusalem. Israeli spokesmen here and outside the United Nations have wasted no opportunity of asserting that the process of annexation is irreversible and unnegotiable. 125. Thirdly, the Golan Heights: Israeli leaders have emphasized, time and again, that Israel will retain the Syrian Golan Heights. 126. Fourthly, the Gaza Strip: Israeli leaders have also declared that they will continue to retain the Gaza Strip. 127. Fifthly, the Sinai Peninsula: Israel has declared that it will continue the occupation of the eastern and southern parts of Sinai. 128. Mr. Yigal Allon, Deputy Prime Minister of Israel, declared in August 1969 that a part of Sinai, which stretches 64 kilometres from Rafah to El Arish on the Mediterranean coast down to southern Sinai, has been added to “municipal Israeli administration” by annexing it to a newly-formed municipal region, namely, the “Eshkol region in the Negev desert“. In the celebration of this event, the Deputy Prime Minister of Israel made the following announcement: “It benefits Eshkol’s memory that this should be the first regional council to include an area beyond the former demarcation lines”. 129. That is Israel’s plan for expansion in the occupied Arab territories. It operates on the basis of two complementary components: annexing Arab territories and expelling Arab citizens. This is the same policy which turned 1.5 million Palestinians into refugees who have lived in camps for the past twenty years and caused the displacement of another half million people as a result of Israel’s latest aggression. 130. By persisting in its policy of expansion against the Arab States, Israel not only commits a crime against the Charter, but it also undermines the peaceful settlement adopted by the Security Council and threatens world peace. 131. It is the duty of every Member State of this Organization to stand up to Israel’s aggression against the Charter and the decisions of the United Nations. The obligation of every State positively to oppose Israel’s aggression is rooted in each and every principle upon which international order, as laid down in the Charter, has been built. Forcing Israel to withdrew its aggressive forces from the occupied Arab territories and to abandon its policy of expansion, in conformity with the norms of the Charter, is not only a sacred national duty, responsibility for which falls on the countries victim of aggression, but is, at the same time, a collective duty to which all Members must subscribe, if we are to preserve the integrity and, indeed, the very existence of the United Nations order. 132. I wish here to refer to the just stand taken by the Assembly of Heads of African States and Governments at its sixth session held at Addis Ababa from 6 to 9 September 1969, concerning Israel’s acts of aggression. They have adopted the following resolution [AHG/Res. 56 (VI)]: “We, the Heads of State and Government, meeting in Addis Ababa this day, 9 September 1969, “Deeply moved by reports that a further aggression has been perpetrated today by Israeli forces against another part of the national territory of the United Arab Republic, “1. Condemn this act of aggression, like all other acts of aggression directed against a sister country; “2. Desire to reaffirm, in these circumstances, our unwavering solidarity with the United Arab Republic; “3. Demand the immediate withdrawal of the foreign occupation forces; “4. Appeal to the conscience of mankind to do everything possible in order to spare our continent, which has suffered all too often from invasion by foreign forces, from becoming afresh the scene of tension and conflict, with unforeseeable consequences for Africa and the rest of the world.” 133. The Heads of African States and Governments also issued another resolution [AHG/Res. 57(VI)] in which they declared their solidarity and support to the United Arab Republic and called for “the withdrawal of foreign troops from all Arab territories occupied since 5 June 1967, in accordance with the resolution taken by the Security Council on 22 November 1967”. They also appealed to all Member States of the Organization of African Unity to “use their influence to ensure a strict implementation of this resolution“. 134. There can be no question that the implementation of the decisions and resolutions adopted by this world Organization, in matters of direct bearing on international peace and security and the safeguarding of territorial integrity and political independence for all States, is the most imperative among all collective duties shouldered by all Member States. The permanent members of the Security Council bear a special responsibility within the framework of this collective obligation. 135. In this connexion, I wish to refer specifically to the position of the United States, which continues to supply Israel with war planes and other weapons while Israel continues its occupation and declares its expansionist plans. The Skyhawk and Phantom planes which Israel receives from the United States are the same planes which every day raid the Arab peoples, kill Arab citizens and follow the Palestinian refugees in their tents and camps with napalm bombs and other instruments of death and destruction. 136. The United States policy of support to Israel in the military, political and financial spheres, while Israel occupies Arab territories, is a policy which could at least be described as a violation of the provisions of the Charter and a denial of peace in the Middle East. 137. The United States support to Israel, and its share of responsibility in the present state of aggression and denial of peace in the Middle East, acquires a more serious character when we recall that this support runs contrary to the commitments which the United States had previously undertaken upon itself. The United States has continuously affirmed the absolute necessity of respecting the Armistice Agreements, its support for the territorial integrity and the political independence of all States in the Middle East, and its firm opposition to aggression in the area. 138. Today, we are entitled to ask the United States whether it does not see in Israel’s occupation of the territories of Arab States a violation of the territorial integrity and the political independence of these States; and whether its supply of warplanes and other weapons to Israel, while Israel occupies the territories of Arab States, does indeed constitute an opposition to aggression, or whether it is rather a support of aggression. 139. I wish further to refer to the United States position with regard to the implementation of the Security Council resolution of 22 November 1967 [242 (1967)], That is a resolution which the United States voted for and declared it would support. We are entitled today to ask the United States how it can reconcile its support for that resolution with its supplying of Skyhawks and Phantoms to Israel at a time when Israel has already declared its annexation of Arab territories, in full violation of the Security Council resolution, as well as its unqualified rejection of the United Nations resolutions on the Palestinian refugees. 140. It is within our right to ask the United States to follow in the Middle East a policy of justice compatible with the Charter and with its own commitments, and to proceed from the principle that the right of an Arab man to peace, to his land and to his home should not be sacrificed to satisfy Israel’s dreams of territorial expansion. 141. We also believe that the United States is capable of casting its weight behind peace and the implementation of the peaceful settlement proposed in the resolution adopted by the Security Council. We believe that when the United States proceeds along that road, prospects for making peace in the Middle East will be greatly improved. 142. The Israeli leaders want the world to believe that the Palestinian people, who have lived in Palestine for thousands of years, never existed. The Prime Minister of Israel declared this to the world in the course of an interview published by the Sunday Times of London on 15 June 1969. She stated: “It was not as though there was a Palestinian people in Palestine considering themselves a Palestinian people, and we came and threw them out and took their country away from them. They did not exist.” This statement reveals the extent of Israel’s attempt to suppress the truth. The Prime Minister of Israel imagines that by such a statement she will be able to conceal the crimes which Zionism has committed against the people of Palestine in Palestine. 143. The struggle that the Palestinian people are waging today, in conditions which no other people have ever faced, is a struggle for their right to exist, to return to their homes, and to exercise their right to self-determination. By virtue of this fact, the Palestinian people’s struggle incontestably attains the highest degree of legitimacy and deserves the support of all forces that have faith in the right of every man, regardless of his race, colour or religion, to live on his land, to defend his existence and to determine his future. 144. The United Nations was brought into existence for the very purpose of never allowing a situation similar to that existing today in the Middle East to exist. That situation cannot possibly continue without assuming that the international order on which this Organization is founded has finally collapsed, and that the principles of the Charter have been completely shattered with Israel’s aggression on 5 June 1967. 145. For our part, we refuse to submit to aggression. History is a witness to the fact that the will of peace, in mobility and in action, is far stronger than the will of war and aggression. In this our faith has no limits. We thus refuse to believe that the international community can possibly allow Israel to continue a policy that is destined to undermine and ruin the rule of the Charter. 146. In the history of this Organization there is no example, apart from Israel’s aggression, more indicative of the serious hazards to international peace and security resulting from the refusal of one Member State to abide by the decisions of the Security Council and other resolutions of the United Nations. 147. In this connexion, I wish to express our appreciation of the positive initiative taken by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to include in the agenda of the twenty-fourth session of the General Assembly a new item on strengthening international security. The Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union presented to us [1756th meeting], in his important address here some days ago, various constructive ideas, amongst which is the need for the implementation by Member States of the Security Council decisions and for respect for the provisions of the Charter. 148. My delegation, together with other delegations, looks forward to the deliberations that will take place on this item. We are confident that those deliberations will lead to positive results for the future effectiveness of the United Nations system. 149. In the Middle East, faithful implementation of all the provisions of Security Council resolution 242 (1967) of 22 November 1967, under the supervision and guarantees of the Council, is the road to peace. Israel’s call for direct negotiations with Arab States while it occupies their territories is a call for capitulation by those States. At the time Israel calls for direct negotiations with Arab countries, it continues to occupy their territories and attack Arab cities. At the same time that it calls for those direct negotiations, Israeli leaders insist that the annexation of Jerusalem and the Syrian Golan Heights is non-negotiable. 150. In this connexion, I wish to refer to the annual report of the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the work of the Organization, submitted to the twenty-third session, in which he states that his Personal Representative on Jerusalem stated “... that Israel leaders had made clear to him beyond any doubt that Israel was taking every step to place under its sovereignty those parts of the city not controlled before June 1967”. 151. In an interview published by Newsweek magazine in its issue of 17 February 1969, the Prime Minister of Israel stated: ”As for the Golan Heights, we will, quite simply, never give them up. The same goes for Jerusalem. Here there is no flexibility at all.” In the same interview, the Israeli Prime Minister referred to Jerusalem in the following words: “There is no possible way to compromise on Jerusalem.” 152. No matter how much Israel’s representatives in the United Nations resort to the use of semantics and the deceptive abuse of words, they will inevitably collide with the truth. The truth here is that Israel’s call for direct negotiations from the position of its occupation of Arab territories aims at imposing its policy of expansion and fait accompli upon the Arab countries. This has been clearly affirmed by Israeli words as well as Israeli deeds. These are the same negotiations that Nazi Germany sought to impose upon the occupied countries of Europe. These negotiations are inherently in contradiction to peace. Indeed, they would be but the continuation of aggression and the instrument for consolidating the results of aggression, in complete denial of all the values of the Charter and in an attempt to return to an era when international society was subject to the law of the jungle. 153. The only alternative to the present state of aggression and war prevailing in the Middle East is the faithful implementation of all the provisions of the peaceful settlement proposed in the resolution adopted by the Security Council of 22 November 1967 [242 (1967)]. The implementation of that resolution requires the fulfilment of the following three points: first, the withdrawal of the Israeli forces from all the territories they have occupied as a result of the aggression of 5 June 1967. That withdrawal would be the practical implementation of terminating the state of belligerency in the Middle East. Secondly, the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people must be recognized and the United Nations resolutions affirming the right of the Palestinian refugees to return to their homes or to receive compensation must be implemented. Those resolutions constitute the formula which the international community has adopted for the achievement of justice for the people of Palestine. Thirdly, the Security Council must undertake adequate guarantees for peace and security in the Middle East, and for the implementation of all provisions of the Security Council resolution of 22 November 1967. 154. The struggle of our people falls within the framework of the universal struggle to establish just international relations which will ultimately flow into the current of man’s progress and advancement. The people of the United Arab Republic have been carrying out the movement for industrialization and an increase in their arable land. They have already begun to use the electric power provided by the Aswan High Dam, which is destined for completion in the course of next year. It will be erected on the Nile as a monumental example of the creative co-operation with the friendly people of the Soviet Union, to whom I wish to express here the deep appreciation of the people of the United Arab Republic for their firm stand against Israeli aggression, for their efforts to establish peace based on justice and the rule of the Charter and for the support given to the peoples of Asia and Africa in their just struggle against colonialism and foreign domination. 155. The United Arab Republic refused to allow the conditions of aggression to disrupt its pursuit of the realization of the principles of peaceful coexistence and international co-operation. We have joined cur efforts with those of all the other non-aligned countries in a new stage of the development of the principles of non-alignment. The last consultative meeting of the representatives of the Governments of non-aligned countries, held from 8-12 July 1969 in Belgrade, was a new landmark on the road of non-alignment adopted by many countries and peoples of the third world. 156. Meanwhile, the United Arab Republic continued, together with its sister African States, to work within the Organization of African Unity for the complete liberation of the African continent from colonialism and racism and to provide the African personality with new opportunities for creativeness and for effecting progress on the land of Africa. 157. We have been constantly subscribing to the international efforts aimed at establishing just economic international relations necessary for a more accelerated rate of development, and at the realization of a better life for the peoples of the developing countries. 158. The attainment of peace in Viet-Nam continues to require a complete and immediate end to all military operations against the people of Viet-Nam, and the withdrawal of foreign troops from the territory of Viet-Nam, so that the Viet-Namese people will be able to determine their own future and to build on Viet-Namese land as heroically as they have fought for it. 159. The United Arab Republic has continued its policy of working in the various international forums for general and complete disarmament and for ensuring the peaceful character of the new spheres conquered by man. We believe that further efforts must be exerted towards the realization of disarmament and the strengthening of international security. Indeed, several important steps await the nuclear Powers’ agreements in the field of disarmament which would strengthen international security and make available more human and material resources for the benefit of all mankind. 166. It is my duty to convey to you the state of mind prevailing among the people of the United Arab Republic concerning the aggression on their territory. Our faith is absolute in the inevitable freeing of every inch of Arab territories occupied as a result of Israel’s aggression on 5 June 1967. Failure is the ultimate destiny of Israel’s invasion. 161. This faith is part and parcel of every beat of life in the heart of every man, woman and child in the land of Egypt. No matter how much military assistance the occupying Israeli forces receive, never will they overcome the will and the determination of the people of Egypt to recover the occupied territory, nor will they ever be able to impose any capitulation on the people of Egypt, or any other Arab peoples. 162. Our refusal to submit to the diktat of aggression and our faith in its inevitable failure not only give expression to our national commitment, but also carry the conviction of and give honour to all human sacrifices made throughout history to establish an international society capable of maintaining peace and bringing justice.