At the outset, I would like to congratulate Mr. Treki on his election to the high post of President of the General Assembly at its sixty-fourth session and wish him every success as he presides over the session. Eight years ago, on 11 September, Ms. Zhannetta Tsoy, a citizen of Kazakhstan, having kissed her daughter and husband, left for her first day at a new job in New York’s tallest building. Two hours later, she perished, along with 3,000 Americans and citizens of other 91 countries. She was buried under the debris of what had once been the World Trade Centre’s Twin Towers. On that day, as Kazakhstan’s ambassador in Washington D.C., along with all Americans and others, I felt acutely how fragile, vulnerable and interdependent our world had become. This terrorist act and the world’s unity in its strict condemnation showed that only together can we make our present and our future safer and better. Indeed, the key to the successful resolution of today’s most acute problems lies precisely in the world’s unity and understanding. President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan and our entire people have supported the global fight against terrorism from the start by assisting the efforts of the international coalition in Afghanistan. However, there has never been and there will never be a purely military solution to the Afghan problem. We note with satisfaction that coalition members have begun to pay more attention to non-military aspects of security. To the best of its ability, Kazakhstan is also assisting the international efforts to rehabilitate Afghanistan. We provide considerable humanitarian aid to that country. Moreover, we are developing a long- term educational programme to train qualified Afghan 53 09-52470 specialists, and are also considering other forms of assistance to that country. Long-term stability in Afghanistan is impossible without effective measures to tackle illicit drug trafficking. The Central Asia Regional Information and Coordination Centre has been established in Almaty, with the support of the United Nations, to fight illicit drug trafficking. As the Chairperson-in-Office of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) in 2010, I intend to make the stabilization of the situation in Afghanistan — a regional neighbour of the OSCE — one of the organization’s greatest priorities. The prospect of the proliferation of nuclear weapons, along with the risk of their acquisition and use by terrorist organizations, remains one of the most serious threats to mankind. As a country that has experienced the horrors of nuclear tests, shut down the world’s second-largest nuclear testing site, at Semipalatinsk, and voluntarily renounced the world’s fourth-largest nuclear and missile arsenal, Kazakhstan has an absolute moral right to call for more decisive action in the area of disarmament and for the radical strengthening of the non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction regime. In particular, Kazakhstan deems it important to ensure the soonest possible entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. We welcome the efforts of United States President Barack Obama to give new impetus to the non-proliferation process and to eliminate the nuclear threat. Kazakhstan is in favour of strengthening and ensuring the universality of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). We must recognize that the Treaty is asymmetric in that it provides for sanctions only against non-nuclear- weapon States, whereas the nuclear Powers themselves should set the example of reducing and renouncing their nuclear arsenals. In this regard, Kazakhstan welcomed the unanimous adoption yesterday of Security Council resolution 1887 (2009) and believes that this historic decision opens a new era in humankind’s efforts to create a world without nuclear weapons. It is gratifying that the measures being undertaken today by the international community reflects the principled position that President Nazarbayev has expressed more than once from this rostrum and in bilateral meetings with heads of nuclear-weapon States and of States with nuclear ambitions. It is necessary now more than ever to take even more decisive actions. Our President has proposed the development of a new universal treaty on comprehensive horizontal and vertical nuclear non-proliferation. The configuration of the new treaty and its contents will largely depend on the proposals of all interested States. An effective measure to strengthen the non-proliferation regime could be the establishment of an international nuclear fuel bank under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Commission. Kazakhstan is ready to consider the possibility of locating it on our territory. One important contribution made by Kazakhstan and other States of Central Asia to the implementation of the NPT was the entry into force in March of the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia. The peculiarity of the Zone is that it is located between two of the world’s largest nuclear Powers. The Zone could play a large practical role in preventing the uncontrolled proliferation of nuclear materials and in countering nuclear terrorism. We count on support for the Central Asian Zone, above all from the nuclear Powers, including their possible extension of negative security guarantees. We support the United States of America’s initiative to convene a global nuclear security summit next year. I wish to draw the attention of the General Assembly to a proposal of the President of Kazakhstan on declaring 29 August international day for a world free of nuclear weapons. That date has deep symbolical meaning. On that day in 1949, the Soviet Union conducted its first nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk test site in Kazakhstan, and on the same day in 1991 the test site was shut down forever by decree of our Government. We hope that the General Assembly will support this initiative. Today, humankind is experiencing the most serious global financial and economic crisis in decades. According to the International Monetary Fund, approximately 50 States have edged to the brink of an economic catastrophe. At the same time, the present crisis was largely inevitable. Unfortunately, the world’s economic development and the great leap forward in technology over the past 60 years could not solve such eternal problems as poverty and hunger. The gap between the rich and the poor continues to grow. More 09-52470 54 than a billion people live on less than $1 a day. Despite our exceptional achievements in modern science and medicine, almost 10 million children under five die every year of curable diseases. More than 30 million people worldwide live with HIV, while only 3 million of those have access to antiretroviral therapy. The economic crisis has forced us to rethink and revisit many conceptual approaches that earlier seemed etched in stone. It has demonstrated once again the urgency of unifying all States’ efforts in addressing modern challenges. The leader of our country was among the first to share his vision for the world’s post- crisis development. He proposed drafting an international law on a single world currency, and the eventual establishment of a world emissions centre, a world anti-monopoly currency committee and a world committee on market freedom. The United Nations with its structural bodies and specialized agencies is the only global organization capable of addressing such large-scale issues. At a time of acute social and economic breakdowns, the danger of inter-ethnic and inter-religious conflicts increases considerably. Located at the confluence of Asia and Europe and having maintained peace and harmony in a multi-ethnic and multireligious country throughout its years of independence, Kazakhstan is ready to act as a bridge of mutual understanding and tolerance between the East and the West. As Chair of the OSCE in 2010 and of the 2011 ministerial conference of the Organization of the Islamic Conference, Kazakhstan is eager fully to use this unique opportunity to strengthen constructive cooperation between diverse cultures and civilizations and to take concrete measures on this issue. Furthermore, since 2003 our country has hosted three Congresses of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, supported by the United Nations. At Kazakhstan’s initiative, the General Assembly adopted resolution 62/90 at its sixty-second session, declaring 2010 the International Year for the Rapprochement of Cultures. We call on United Nations Member States to participate actively in celebrating the Year. Kazakhstan fully supports the goals of the Alliance of Civilizations and calls on all Member States and agencies of the United Nations system to contribute to strengthening tolerance and mutual understanding in the world. In the current circumstances, the regional aspect of solving global problems takes on added importance. Our country is firmly committed to the consistent strengthening of regional cooperation for security and development in Central Asia. A unique security architecture is being created in Eurasia, its most important elements being organizations such as the OSCE, the Conference on Interaction and Confidence- building Measures in Asia (CICA), the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and NATO. In that regard, CICA, convened as a result of an initiative introduced by President Nazarbayev from this rostrum in 1992, has become an effective mechanism for strengthening regional security and cooperation. In 2010, as our country takes up the chairmanship of the OSCE, we intend to work for the good of all its member States to strengthen the organization’s effectiveness in addressing new challenges and threats, as well as to further strengthen confidence-building and security measures in the Euro-Atlantic community. In today’s rapidly changing world, the adaptation of the United Nations to modern realities is an important task for all Member States. Kazakhstan supports the reform process for the United Nations and its main bodies based on the principled position of the need to increase the effectiveness, authority and relevance of our global Organization. We are convinced that there is no alternative to the United Nations in the modern world, and there never will be. We support reforms on three principal tracks: revitalization of the work of the General Assembly, reform of the Security Council and coherence of the United Nations system. Fifty years ago, Martin Luther King Junior said: “Men often hate each other because they fear each other; they fear each other because they do not know each other; they do not know each other because they cannot communicate; they cannot communicate because they are separated.” Regrettably, those words are often true today, but they should not be so tomorrow. In an age of globalization and unprecedented interdependence in the world, there should no longer be mistrust, fear and hatred, but the principles of trust, understanding and cooperation should triumph. Only together can we properly address the difficult challenges facing humankind today and make our world safer and better.