At the outset, on behalf of the Lao delegation, I would like to congratulate you, Mr. Ali Abdussalam Treki, on your election as President of the General Assembly at its sixty-fourth session. I trust that, under your able presidency, our session will be guided to a successful outcome. Let me also take this opportunity to express our deepest appreciation to His Excellency Mr. Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann, who presided over the sixty-third session with dedication and distinction. By the same token, I convey our great appreciation to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for his leadership and his commitment to the work of the Organization at a time when our world is facing numerous grave challenges. In recent years, the international situation has undergone rapid changes and faced various challenges. The United Nations, a unique world body, has been playing an increasingly important role in maintaining international peace and security and promoting the peaceful settlement of disputes and international cooperation for development. In this rapidly changing world, it is our common duty and responsibility as Members of the United Nations to ensure that the Organization carry out its mandate effectively. To this end, United Nations reform is crucial and should be comprehensive, transparent and balanced, while the Organization should maintain its intergovernmental, universal and democratic character, consistent with the Charter. The revitalization of the General Assembly, reform of the Security Council and the strengthening of the Economic and Social Council and specialized agencies should be guided by the principles of democracy, transparency and accountability with a view to making this universal Organization a body that truly represents the interests of all Member States and seeks their benefit. In this context, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic welcomes the launching of intergovernmental negotiations on Security Council reform and will continue to contribute to these important efforts in this new phase of the Security Council reform process. The ongoing impasse within the multilateral disarmament machinery continues to undermine international peace and security. The existence of nuclear weapons remains a grave threat to the existence of all humankind. It is therefore vital to reaffirm the importance of States honouring their nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation obligations. The upcoming 2010 Review Conference will be a great opportunity for the States parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to demonstrate strong political commitment by making a collective effort to resolve the current stalemate on the non-proliferation and disarmament agenda. In this regard, it is encouraging that the third session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2010 Review Conference successfully adopted the agenda and all significant procedural decisions, which will undoubtedly lay an important foundation for a productive and successful Review Conference in 2010. In conjunction with arms reduction and nuclear disarmament, the issue of explosive remnants of war, including cluster munitions and unexploded ordnance (UXO), continues to threaten and pose serious obstacles to socio-economic development and poverty eradication efforts in more than 80 countries across the world. Among these, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic is the most affected. The victims of cluster munitions in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic — where approximately 300 victims have been recorded every year for the 30 years since the war ended — account for 50 per cent of the global total of cluster munitions victims. This is due to the fact that 37 per cent of national territory remains contaminated by UXO. Enormous financial resources would be needed 39 09-52586 to resolve this problem, and it would take a great length of time to clear UXOs from those areas needed most for development and the everyday livelihoods of communities. However, a precise estimate has yet to be made as to how many hundreds of years it would take to clear all UXO-contaminated areas across the country. In light of the adverse impact of cluster munitions, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic attaches great importance to the Convention on banning and eradicating cluster munitions. In this context, we welcome and commend those countries that have signed and ratified the Convention, and hope that other countries that have not done so will follow suit so that Convention may enter into force as soon as possible. In order to prepare for the future implementation of the Convention, the Lao Government has offered to host the first conference of States parties to the Convention on Cluster Munitions after it enters into force. We hope that our offer will receive broad support from all countries and international organizations. Despite the fact that peace, development and cooperation are the lodestars of our times, tensions, conflicts, violence, terrorism and threats to security persist in various parts of the world. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic is deeply dismayed by the prolonged conflict in the Middle East, which continues to inflict immense suffering on millions of people in the region, in particular the Palestinian people, who have been struggling to exercise their legitimate and inalienable rights to self-determination and statehood. Although we have heard in the course of our general debate many expressions of encouragement and renewed hope for addressing the Middle East problem, this can be realized only if all parties concerned demonstrate their commitment to addressing the impasse with a view to realizing the vision of two States, Israel and Palestine, living side by side in peace and security within recognized borders, in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the Security Council. We also remain concerned over the decades-long economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed on the Republic of Cuba. It is now time to end these sanctions. Climate change continues to be a pressing concern and to pose enormous challenges to the survival of humankind. Against this backdrop, global measures that conform to the principle of common but differentiated responsibility are urgently required. To this end, the integration of the three pillars of sustainable development — economic development, social development and environmental protection — should be enhanced with a view to effectively implementing the Bali Action Plan. In this context, we highly commend the Secretary-General for his initiative to convene the high-level Summit on Climate Change on 22 September 2009, at which world leaders had the opportunity to discuss concrete measures and potential solutions to the consequences of climate change, as well as to prepare for the Climate Change Conference to be held in Copenhagen, Denmark. Furthermore, world leaders have made strong commitments to taking the necessary action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote the green economy, provide mitigation and adaptation assistance, and generate alternative energy, including through technology transfer from developed to developing countries, in order to enable the latter to adapt to the consequences and impacts of climate change. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic welcomes and supports the recommendation to launch a new Global Compact entailing a green New Deal, which would no doubt provide an excellent platform for addressing the current global challenges, promoting investment in the green economy, laying the foundations to deal with the crucial long-term issues, and helping to create a future based on a low-carbon economy, renewable energy and energy efficiency. The multiple global crises, especially the financial and economic crises, have had many adverse effects on developing countries, in particular on the most vulnerable groups. This is due primarily to the lack of basic infrastructure, access to markets, resources and modern technology, and to the fact that capacity to provide financing and investment remains low. In response, various forms of consultation and approach have been undertaken in an attempt to mitigate the long-term impacts of the crisis. In this regard, we welcome the initiatives of the Group of Eight, the Group of 20 and other international forums to build a mechanism that will help find solutions to the crisis, including the recommendations of the high- level Conference on the World Financial and Economic Crisis held here in June this year. 09-52586 40 As one of the most vulnerable countries in the world, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic is of the view that all initiatives and measures undertaken must be implemented effectively and in a timely manner. In particular, it is important to address the unpredictability and vulnerability of commodity markets, provide preferential treatment to goods from developing countries, especially those from the most vulnerable ones, ensure the smooth resolution of debt issues, improve technology transfer mechanism and reform the international financial system. The fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, to be held in early 2011, will provide a good opportunity for the international community to review its responsibilities and commitments pledged to the least developed countries, as well as to identify obstacles and constraints and seek possible solutions to them, particularly in the wake of such a profound economic and financial crisis. The solid political stability and social order in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic have provided favourable conditions for national economic development. Nevertheless, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic has also been adversely affected at a certain level by the recent global economic and financial crisis. The crisis has caused a slowdown in economic development, with growth of the main economic sectors such as industry, services and agriculture decreasing by 2 to 3 per cent. The trade sector was also affected, with exports dropping by 28 per cent. Against this backdrop, the Lao Government has undertaken urgent action by identifying eight measures and 80 priority areas to address. As a result of such action, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic has been able to mitigate the adverse impact of the crisis to a certain degree. However, owing to the uncertainty of today’s global economy, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, like other developing countries, remains vulnerable and still needs the support and cooperation from the international community to respond to the crisis, with a view to preventing long-term impacts, which may occur at any time, and to achieving the Millennium Development Goals and our ultimate national goal of being removed from the list of least developed countries by 2020. Today, more than ever, the international community has the responsibility, as well as the opportunity, to promote solidarity and strengthen international cooperation in jointly addressing these global problems, as no country can weather alone the threats and challenges confronting it. In this spirit, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic reiterates its unshakable commitment to continue full cooperation with the international community in pursuit of a world free from fear and want, rooted in a new, just and equitable order. I believe that, with great solidarity, we will be able to achieve the aforementioned goals.