My participation in this general debate, like that of more than 100 heads of State and Government, confirms both the seriousness of the choices we must make in the face of the challenges confronting our States and the unavoidable role of the United Nations in deciding on the future of our planet and its inhabitants. More than ever before, the General Assembly must be the “centre for harmonizing the actions of nations” in the attainment of the common ends defined in Article 1 of the Charter. To remain the vital centre, the Organization and its most representative body of the community of nations — our General Assembly — must better take into consideration the interdependence that links our destinies and the opportunity presented to our sovereign States to bestow upon our fellow countrymen a common vision marked by moral values. The financial storm that swept through the world a year ago has caused too much suffering and too much harm to the global economy, at a time in our history when we are confronted with the major challenges of the climate crisis and the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), for us not to draw obvious conclusions. A year from now, we will meet again in this same forum to take stock of the progress we have made in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The 2015 deadline — which already seemed compromised on the eve of this multidimensional crisis — requires that we define a global vision for the future of humankind. Some will call it solidarity or moral awareness. Whatever the 11 09-52228 name, we need to clearly define and implement the MDGs to meet the basic needs of all human beings. If poverty eradication is to remain our priority, we will have to get busy on fulfilling our obligations, for the most destitute are also the ones who are hungry, who suffer from malnutrition and who lack access to water and to basic social and health services. Among the main victims are women and children, 25,000 of whom die each day, according to UNICEF. Several hundred thousand people today benefit from actions undertaken by my country in the framework of its international cooperation in the fields of health, education and the fight against poverty. This is why I requested that we continue our effort to contribute 0.7 per cent of our GDP by 2015 to official development assistance. This assistance must not be sacrificed because of the present economic and financial situation. On the contrary, it must be strengthened at a time when the most vulnerable are the ones who need it the most. This development assistance must be accompanied by long-term investments aimed at strengthening the capacity- building of developing countries, in particular through the transfer of appropriate technologies with a view to respecting the requirements of sustainable development. From this perspective, and in the light of the recent food crisis, the time is right to restore agriculture to its proper place, because food security depends on it. Today, it is up to us to forge for future generations a new destiny, “a new deal”. We must move from being donors to become partners in a green revolution in Africa, where food-producing agriculture adapted to the specific conditions of the continent must empower the local populations. The restoration of agriculture to the heart of our civilization also raises the crucial issue of water. Whether regarding access to it for the survival of our populations, for farming or for energy production, it is imperative to guarantee water security. Therefore, an integrated management of water resources is needed. We must be aware of the potential disasters and conflicts that would arise if we failed, and of risks linked to poor sanitation that could cause outbreaks of infectious diseases and pandemics. The phenomena of desertification and drought, as well as the acidification of seas and oceans, are exacerbated by man-made climatic change. This is why failure of the Copenhagen negotiations is not an option. My commitment, and that of my worldwide counterparts, as stated yesterday in the framework of the climate change summit convened by the Secretary- General, is unequivocal: we must, together — developed countries, countries with high carbon dioxide emissions and developing countries — succeed in defining a post-Kyoto regime that will be decidedly in line with a low-carbon-emission future. For too long, we have neglected the scientific warnings. More than 20 years ago, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was created by the World Meteorological Organization. During the third World Climate Conference at the beginning of September which, with great pleasure, I attended, it was decided to establish a Global Framework for Climate Services, with a view to helping populations meet this increasingly pressing challenge. This Global Framework, which we fully support, aims at improving the management of the risks of climate fluctuations and climate change as well as adaptation to climate change at all levels, through development and the incorporation of science-based information and forecasting into policies and planning. The unparalleled mobilization of public opinion compels us to adopt innovative measures to slow global warming, whose consequences could be catastrophic. The Trade and Development Report recommends deep structural changes, which will not happen unless we are willing to challenge our patterns of production and consumption. The setting up of a green economy must be the basis of such a process. Our role, as political decision makers, is to ensure that the necessary technology — which already exists — is put to use to reduce greenhouse gases. Sustainable development requires the globalization of green technologies and environmental assets. On behalf of the Principality, I reiterate our stated ambition to become carbon neutral and our resolve to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20 per cent by 2020 and by 60 per cent by 2050. During these past few months, the world economy has been sorely tried and tested. Signs of recovery are beginning to show, but we must draw lessons from this grim year. The globalization of the economy and the resulting interdependence require 09-52228 12 reform of the international monetary and financial system. Created 10 years ago, the Group of 20 (G-20) met for the first time at the level of heads of State or Government last November, thereby acknowledging the urgency of adopting measures to save the world economy from a disaster worsened by the panic reigning in the financial markets. Monaco acknowledges that this group, which represents two thirds of the world’s population and trade and close to 90 per cent of the world gross domestic product, bears special responsibility vis-à-vis the rest of the international community. We are confident of the capacity of the G-20, tomorrow in Pittsburgh, to lay the foundations for a new era encompassing, inter alia, financial regulation, financial traders’ income, governance and resources allocated to international financial institutions. The G-20’s ability to bring together all States will give rise to the legitimacy necessary for renewed growth. For several months, my Government has been working to fulfil the commitments it undertook and to comply with the required norms of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) with a view to improve transparency and exchanges of fiscal and banking information. That is why my Government has already signed 12 bilateral conventions and has undertaken to conclude other agreements in this area. As of today, Monaco has had its efforts acknowledged by the OECD and will thus now be included on its White List. But let us make no mistake: the breach of trust resulting from the financial disaster has made it more necessary than ever before that the measures taken by the G-20 be non-discriminatory and bring together all Member States. A consultative body would thus ensure the legitimacy of any decisions made. We must, together, rebuild solid foundations for a capitalism with a human face that promotes growth and social development. Current circumstances have provided us the opportunity to create a green economy, one which associates job creation with the transfer of new technologies which will enable us to achieve a sustained recovery. The State must continuously adapt its role and the expression of its sovereignty to new realities in order to remain the guarantor of the security and social well- being of populations. The United Nations cannot avoid this either. Since its creation, the Organization has worked for the maintenance of international peace and security through operations led under its flag. It has also played a prominent federative role in the field of disarmament and non-proliferation. Human and material resources available to peacekeeping operations have reached levels that would have not been conceivable only a decade ago. The necessary consideration of this matter initiated within the Security Council and the Secretariat, as well as with Member States, is a priority and we support it. What is just as important is the strengthening of the rule of law and of democratic institutions, guardians of sovereignty and the peaceful coexistence of States. In this respect, I wish to reiterate the support of my country for the implementation of the responsibility to protect, which is symbolic of the strengthening of multilateralism for the good of populations. The responsibility to protect does not affect the exercise of responsible sovereignty, which places the individual at the forefront. Monaco will continue to work with its partners — that is, each and every one in this Hall — to implement best practices in the field of protection, international assistance and capacity-building, with the sole objective of saving lives. The Principality will keep responding, in solidarity, to emergency humanitarian situations, especially when it comes to assisting women and children, whose vulnerability in crisis situations, unfortunately, no longer needs to be demonstrated. In 2010, we will celebrate the International Year for the Rapprochement of Cultures and the International Year of Biodiversity. These themes symbolize, at the outset of the twenty-first century, the harmony that we must seek both among our people — with acceptance of our differences — and between the human species and the other living species on Earth, which we have the duty to protect and save from extinction. I can assure the Assembly that my country will continue to tirelessly commit itself to processes likely to build and strengthen the ties between our societies in order to promote dialogue and cultural and religious understanding based on mutual respect, such as the Union for the Mediterranean and the Alliance of Civilizations. 13 09-52228 I am convinced that the President’s great experience at the United Nations and his role in the creation of the African Union are great pluses for the success of his very sensitive mission.