I bring the greetings and best wishes of the people of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. I congratulate the President on his election to chair the Assembly at this session. He has our confidence and support. I offer my gratitude to the United Nations for its continuing role in coordinating and leading the world’s efforts to meet challenges affecting the interests of all nations. The United Nations Joint Presence Office in the Marshall Islands has brought the ideals of the Organization closer to our people and country. Our hope is that other United Nations agencies — including the World Health Organization, the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), the Food and Agriculture Organization and the United Nations 51 09-52425 Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific — will follow suit and make their presence felt more prominently, producing concrete results on the ground. I wish to acknowledge the personal commitment of the Secretary-General to meeting the challenges of climate change. His reminder to take our best to the table in Copenhagen in service of a higher calling to save the planet is well noted. His call for a clear moral imperative for bold and decisive urgent action and his recognition of the duty of the larger economies to the most vulnerable have not gone unnoticed by us small island States. Although some may consider as insufficient the Group of 8 commitment in Italy this year, I believe it is an encouraging and a necessary step forward. We cherish the hope that the increasing participation of the United States in debates on issues relating to climate change is a signal of its intention to take its rightful place at the forefront of the global war against climate change. Likewise, we are encouraged by Japan’s bold and new commitment to address the adverse effects of climate change. Let me express my appreciation to the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) for its leadership in assisting small island developing countries to prepare for negotiations in Copenhagen. We assure AOSIS of our unwavering support. Full of expectation, the world has its eyes on Copenhagen. It will be an event of historic significance where, despite our differences, everyone can now view the entire planet through a common perspective. Now, a few weeks away from Copenhagen, I feel moved to ask what it is that we want to see happening in there. What kind of outcome do we expect? How should we and future generations judge the success of Copenhagen? The answer, it seems to me, is a matter of perspective. Major economies will no doubt be watchful that Copenhagen does not disturb too much an established way of life and all its benefits. I ask these nations to consider the implicit moral obligation that comes with their privileged and affluent status. For the small island States, however, the question is whether Copenhagen will diminish or enhance their security and their chances of survival, whether the populations of the Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, Tokelau and others should make haste to evacuate and head to safer regions, as foreshadowed in a recent warning from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Therefore, our message to the leaders in Copenhagen is clear: we appeal to them to strive with every fibre of their being to increase their level of commitment to combating climate change, to show the world by their deeds — not words — their unbending commitment to secure an effective post-Kyoto global agreement. We appeal to them to be as unrestrained as the wind and set the limit on the increase in global average temperature above the pre-industrial period at a level that will ensure our survival. We appeal to them to be fair-minded and to act with determination to reduce global emissions from 1990 levels by at least 85 per cent by 2050. We appeal to them to ensure that global emissions peak no later than 2015. Finally, we appeal to the leaders of all nations to construct in Copenhagen the ark of salvation in which all nations and peoples will find shelter. I believe that the success of Copenhagen will be ultimately judged by the extent to which small, low- lying island States — the most vulnerable — will feel a sense of guaranteed safety and security. For, in our interdependent global community, the moral duty of the collective must always be the protection of the weak and the most vulnerable. Short of that, however, Copenhagen will be no more than the continuation of the law of the jungle, the survival of the strongest. It will be a moral and political failure. For Copenhagen is not about mathematics. It is not about raw power; it is not competition for the survival of the few. It is about unleashing the moral and political forces and synergies inherent in the collective body of nations for the good of all. What else does political will mean but this? Failure in Copenhagen will make a mockery of the Millennium Development Goals, for their achievement will be beyond our capacity to attain. It will question the ability of the Charter of the United Nations to safeguard our pre-existing sovereign rights. In short, the world and the most vulnerable in it cannot afford the cost of failure. Closer to home, even though the rate of emission of the Marshall Islands is insignificant in relative terms, we have set for ourselves a reduction target of 40 per cent by 2020. Over the years, and subject to 09-52425 52 accessibility of funding, we have been pursuing a systematic programme of solar power use. Nearly 40 per cent of the households in our outer islands are now drawing on that power as one of their main sources of energy. We intend to pursue this initiative until all 33 islands in our country are fully covered. On the Micronesian subregional front, we are committed to the goals of the Micronesia Challenge. Our efforts to adapt continue to suffer from the lack of adequate funding, compounded by the sheer complexity in accessing it from the sources. Simplifying the process by direct access to those sources could enable us to fast-track some of our adaptation priorities, such as seawalls, coastal management and safe water projects. I now turn to a matter that is very dear to the heart of every Marshallese. We are deeply encouraged by the Security Council meeting today, moderated by President Obama, on the use and testing of nuclear weapons. Nuclear weapon testing was conducted on our islands between 1946 and 1958, at the time when we were a ward of the United Nations trusteeship system. Our first-hand experience as victims of nuclear weapon testing on our islands, and the painful memories that continue to haunt us after six decades, are nightmares we would not wish on anyone. The toll in human suffering and environmental damage has been devastating. Now, sixty years since the detonation of some 67 nuclear bombs, the Marshall Islands is still grappling with the after-effects. Complete recovery in terms of restoring affected islands to full economic productivity and adequate compensation of the victims remains uncertain. We have not come here to condemn or to point fingers. However, we are compelled by our moral duty to humanity to raise our voice in gatherings such as this and to appeal to the conscience of the world community. We call for the formulation of a new perspective by which the spectre of war and of the use of nuclear weapons may forever be dismissed from the surface of the Earth. Banning nuclear weapons will not by itself remove the root cause of war. Important as it may be, it does not exert an enduring influence. People are too ingenious not to invent still other forms of warfare. Political agreements or good intentions alone are not enough. The world craves something much more deep- seated than pure pragmatism. It yearns for permanent peace that springs from an inner state supported by a moral attitude. There is no lack of recognition by national leaders of the nature of the problem, but there is a paralysis of will. The stark realities of the experience of the people of the Marshall Islands have deepened our profound conviction that, in a world irreversibly moving towards a global society, it becomes imperative that we recast our perspective, a perspective in which national impulses and interests will find their fullest expression when subordinated to the needs and interests of the planet, our collective homeland, a perspective that does not regard that subordination as being disloyal to the nation. Amid our deepening economic and financial woes, the Republic of the Marshall Islands continues to remain buoyant through the generous support of our friends and partners. Our special relationship with the United States within the framework of the Compact of Free Association provides a unique partnership that is enduring and stable. We express our firm support for the efforts of the United States and its allies in combating terrorism, and we are proud of our young Marshallese men and women serving in the armed forces of the United States. The support also provided by Japan, the Republic of China (Taiwan), the European Union, Australia and our other donor partners is sincerely acknowledged. The increasing complexity of the management of evolving global affairs demands a reconstitution of the membership of the Security Council. Japan’s distinguished leadership and achievements in the area of human security match its aspirations to seek a permanent seat on the Council and thus deserve favourable consideration. Evidence of progress in the confidence-building process between China and the Republic of China (Taiwan) deserves praise and encouragement from the international community. Taiwan’s membership in the United Nations specialized agencies will enable its 23 million people to play an active part in the affairs of the family of nations. Not a single nation can escape the powerful grip of the challenges of climate change. Its deadly virus is here already. The remedy is clear: collective and resolute action, now more than ever. The choice is 53 09-52425 ours. We implore Almighty God to give us courage and wisdom.