In circumstances like these, I would normally speak for about an hour, but I would like to assure you, Sir, and the Assembly that the quality of mercy is not strained and that I will be considerably briefer than that. Today, I propose to stay within the time allotted to me. Trinidad and Tobago extends its sincerest congratulations to the President on his ascension to the stewardship of this sixty-fourth session of the General Assembly. We know that his vast experience and leadership qualities will ensure very successful deliberations. We also pay tribute to his predecessor, Mr. Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann of Nicaragua, for his vision and fearless discharge of his responsibilities as President of the Assembly at its sixty-third session. We convey our very best wishes to Secretary- General Ban Ki-moon, whom we welcomed to Port of Spain earlier this year when Trinidad and Tobago hosted the fifth Summit of the Americas. We assure him of our continuing support as he pursues his 09-52586 16 mission to ensure that the United Nations meets the new challenges of the twenty-first century. We meet at a time of very serious challenges for the world economy. We are now beginning to emerge from a global recession caused by a near collapse of the international financial system, but there is no room for complacency. Unemployment continues to grow in almost every country, credit remains contracted and consumer confidence, that most critical factor, persists at very low levels. Additionally, there is no certainty of a steady upward trajectory for the global economy. Valued opinion on this matter points to the possibility of further recessionary trends before the present green shoots produce flourishing green fields. We clearly cannot take our eye off the ball. We must not return to business as usual. We should not countenance the resurfacing of discredited patterns on financial streets and capitals. We must be wary of the level of adventurousness in leading financial institutions that contributed very significantly to driving the world to the edge of an economic precipice from which we are just starting to pull back. There is justification for concern about this situation in every country on this planet. In the globalized economy, we are all affected by policies or actions that direct the international financial system. We of the smaller countries and the developing world have always been the most vulnerable and the worst affected. It is happening again. Especially in the southern hemisphere, the prospects have grown for increased poverty, unemployment and general slippage in the development process. How much longer will this acute vulnerability of so many nations persist? How many more dreams must now, once again, be deferred? The trust of the world in the totally unregulated market has been entirely misplaced. We must now capitalize on the opportunity of this crisis and, without delay, reform our international economic system. The global architecture must be transformed to take the new realities into account. Among these are new and emerging centres of economic power and the now indispensable need to deliberately generate growth in the developing world if the global economy is to achieve resurgence and sustainability. In this extremely interconnected world, it is our collective resources, ingenuity, productivity, markets and technology that will keep all of us afloat. Let this General Assembly therefore play its part in ensuring that we leave behind the old approaches that suffocated development of the many for the benefit of the few. Let it call for greater recognition of the absolute need to bring into the global mainstream the entire productive and purchasing capacity of this planet, our collective home. We are heartened by developments and decisions among the countries of the Group of 20, but we must ensure that there is absolutely no reversal of the new approach; no dimming of the new light that the present crisis has generated; and no diminution of the acceptance that we are all in this together and that development everywhere translates into prosperity for all. Let us therefore ensure that the reform of international financial institutions does indeed take place; that we entrench greater sensitivity to the varying needs of countries at differing levels of development; that new voices, respecting and representing more of humanity, are in the decision- making process; and that resource flows for trade and investment are in fact realized and activated. The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) has not been spared the debilitating effects of the current global economic situation. Most CARICOM States are now experiencing economic contraction and rising levels of debt and unemployment, with their challenging social consequences. It is therefore regrettable that some middle-income countries, such as many in CARICOM, may not be eligible for funding under some of the World Bank’s facilities for international development assistance. Given their vulnerabilities, middle-income countries’ need for access to concessionary financing must not be underestimated. This was highlighted in 2008 at the Third Ministerial Conference of Middle- Income Countries in Namibia, which called for enhanced levels of international development assistance and noted that the current categorization does not accurately reflect the particularities and needs of these nations. This General Assembly must take steps to advance the cause of middle-income countries in this matter. The situation in Haiti is one of grave concern. We are encouraged by the diverse United Nations-related initiatives aimed at promoting peace and security in that country, but greater attention is required by the international community. Arising out of the Fifth 17 09-52586 Summit of the Americas, Trinidad and Tobago has advanced a proposal for the establishment of a hemispheric development fund for Haiti, to which all western hemisphere countries would be expected to contribute. Haiti is first and foremost a western hemisphere challenge, and we see this fund as essential to the re-establishment of proper standards of living in that country. We bring this matter before the General Assembly for its support. One of the very significant problems facing the global community is transnational organized crime of increasing strength, which includes terrorist activity as well as the illegal traffic in drugs, arms and persons. The Caribbean is particularly plagued by the illegal drug trade, which uses our region as a trans-shipment route for its pernicious cargo headed northwards. This activity has a corrosive effect on our small societies, fuelling, for example, trafficking in small arms and light weapons, with troubling consequences. In CARICOM, we have been pooling our resources for this fight. There is now unprecedented cooperation among the legal and security systems of our countries, but we need more resources in our struggle with this menace. We will continue to engage in the various processes of the United Nations aimed at addressing this problem. We encourage those Member States that have not been supportive of the initiative aimed at negotiating a legally binding arms trade treaty to join those States working to ensure that it becomes a reality. But the security situation has been aggravated by the deteriorating economic situation in many of our countries, weakened by the loss of preferential markets for bananas and sugar. The situation is exacerbated by the new paradigm of reciprocity in trade, and by the fact that both the tourism industry and the financial services sector, to which many have turned to supplement their economic development, have not produced the anticipated returns. The economic situation of these countries has therefore become even more critical, with severe consequences for the security and prosperity of our region, given the inextricable link between security and socio-economic development. Climate change is one of the major challenges facing our civilization today. The Secretary-General must be highly commended for his commitment to dealing with this issue, which he declared as a priority at the start of his tenure. In this regard, we add our voices to those that have praised highly the United Nations Summit on Climate Change, which has just concluded. This General Assembly must promote more meaningful action directed towards an internationally acceptable formula for the reduction of carbon emissions. Trinidad and Tobago wishes to make it absolutely clear that we do not accept the per capita basis for the determination of levels of carbon emissions. It is manifestly unfair to a small, energy-producing developing country like ours with a small population. We consider the method of absolute emissions to be a more just method of determining a country’s contribution to global warming, since it is affected not by per capita emissions, but by absolute levels. The question of population size, in this context, has nothing to do with the matter whatsoever. We also assure the Assembly that our country has already voluntarily embarked on reducing emissions through a programme that includes the pursuit of renewable sources of supply. We will also be hosting the 53 Commonwealth heads of Government at a meeting in Port of Spain in November of this year. This will be the last major summit before the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in December. We propose to use the opportunity to attempt to forge a consensus that would reflect the common views of the Commonwealth, comprising as it does both high greenhouse-gas emitters and some of the countries most threatened by climate change. We are determined to do all in our power to ensure agreement in Copenhagen. We are firmly of the view that non-communicable diseases demand the heightened attention of the international community at this time. It has been forecast that by 2020 non-communicable diseases will account for approximately 73 per cent of global deaths and 60 per cent of the global burden of disease. We join the call for indicators on non-communicable diseases and injuries to be integrated into the core monitoring and evaluation system of the Millennium Development Goals. We have taken this matter on board at the level of the Caribbean Community. Indeed, we held a special regional summit in Port of Spain on chronic non-communicable diseases in 2007. I now propose that this Assembly convene a special summit meeting of the United Nations on non-communicable diseases at the earliest opportunity. 09-52586 18 The year 2015 is fast approaching, but there has been, sadly, no encouraging progress towards our Millennium Development Goal of food security for all by that date. Indeed, we have fallen behind in our schedule, with an increase in deaths from hunger and malnutrition in the developing world. A much greater sense of urgency is needed in our approach to this situation. All countries must honour their commitments made at the 2008 High-Level Conference on World Food Security. Trinidad and Tobago therefore looks forward to the next World Summit on Food Security, scheduled for November in Rome, with the expectation that the results will aid the international community in achieving the revised target set by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to eradicate hunger by 2025. My country is committed to an international order based on peace, security and the right to development of all countries. We believe that democracy and representation are key to achieving meaningful and effective multilateralism. We therefore wish again to support efforts to reform the Security Council. Reform of that important organ of the United Nations, responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security, must include efforts aimed at making its composition reflect more closely the global geopolitical realities since the end of the Second World War. In this new century, the United Nations must become an even more effective voice for all of mankind. We have very important work ahead of us at a very challenging time in our history. Let us never lose sight of our main purpose, which is the security and development of the people of the world. Let us renew our focus on this main objective. Let us therefore support the reign of fundamental freedoms and human rights in every country. Let us strive for the individual empowerment of citizens in every nation; let there be opportunity and upward mobility for all; let none be marginalized on the periphery; and let the abundant talent and potential of humanity flower everywhere, serving as inspiration, guidance and example to present and future generations. Let us therefore join our strengths for the benefit of all. Let us indeed build a global community where there is increasing and intensified cooperation and communication among our nations, where no country lags behind, and where all nations and their peoples are on the international road to development.