The delegation of the Niger — which I have the honour to lead and which brings the message of His Excellency Mamadou Tandja, President of the Republic — is more than pleased to see you, Mr. President, presiding over the General Assembly at its sixty-fourth session. Your election, which the Niger welcomes with pride, is without a doubt both recognition and endorsement of your exceptional abilities as a seasoned diplomat, which you have demonstrated throughout your distinguished career. We in the Niger are well placed to attest to your commitment to the cause of Africa and of our common subregion, specifically through the Community of Sahel-Saharan States, that other forum in which our countries work together for the same goals that are enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations. Thus we consider ourselves to be in your good hands, ready to advance the work of the Organization in this time of formidable challenges. I should like to renew our congratulations to the outgoing President, Father Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann, on his active and very full presidency, and to state that the Niger was honoured to serve alongside him in its capacity as Vice-President at the sixty-third session. On behalf of the Niger, I should like to reiterate our profound gratitude to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for his unflagging efforts to make the United Nations a more just and effective Organization, able to meet the expectations of its Members. My delegation welcomes your decision, Sir, to declare as the very apt theme for the Assembly’s current session the strengthening of multilateralism and dialogue among civilizations for international peace, security and development. In our view, this theme has the potential to spur Member States to greater initiative in realizing the goals that we are pursuing, namely, those of preserving international peace and security. We are pleased, in this regard, by the renewed dynamism in cooperation between the Security Council and regional organizations, in particular the African Union. We believe that this direction has the potential 27 09-52598 to lead to lasting solutions to the problems of peace and security in Africa. We are convinced that such cooperation will yield results even on the most delicate issues, such as the implementation of the political-legal concept of the principle of universal jurisdiction. While my delegation welcomes the inclusion of this topic in the agenda of the General Assembly, we should like once again to endorse the concerns already expressed by the African Union and to urge Member States to avoid using this principle inappropriately. We hope that our debate in this common forum will make possible a better understanding of this concept and a better definition of the framework governing its eventual application. We note the progress that is being made in various areas in the prevention and management of conflicts, both in Africa and elsewhere. And we welcome the commitment and goodwill of all parties carrying out concerted actions to ensure international peace and security. The recommendations of the special summit on conflict prevention and management held in Tripoli reflect the will of African leaders to take on issues that have always slowed our continent in its march towards progress and prosperity. It is at this level that the theme of multilateralism — which you, Mr. President, have selected for the sixty-fourth session — takes on all its meaning. Indeed, the United Nations, as the common framework enjoying the highest level of participation by countries and other actors in the world, should serve as a laboratory in which we work towards the goal of a more balanced international community. Governed as it is by the laws of globalization, the current international scene is, as we know, much more complex today than in the past. We must address and manage the consequences of the international financial crisis and, for countries in the Sahel such as the Niger, the recurrent effects of food insecurity. We must address climate change in a concerted and coordinated manner, and we must constantly question the current formulas for preventing conflict and maintaining international peace and security. My delegation supports such initiatives, which must be inclusive, because they must benefit from the contributions and perspectives of everyone, including the most vulnerable countries. In particular, we support the various discussions under way on this subject, whether in the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council or the Security Council, or even in the context of specific initiatives such as the discussions being held by Canada on peacekeeping operations. We in the Niger have made undeniable progress in the area of combating poverty and promoting basic development, thanks to the bold actions of the President. Through projects designed specifically to meet the needs of Niger’s people, he has enabled our country to finally give meaning to development. Today, development is palpable in every corner of the Niger because of proactive and systematic efforts to build classrooms and health clinics, dig wells, build local drinking water systems and promote a microcredit system designed specifically for the most vulnerable rural women. The head of State is doing this to improve the living conditions of our people, who suffered from the political instability that characterized our country during the 1990s, which one could describe as a lost decade for Niger’s development. In late August, a meeting was held in Niamey for the second 2009 review by the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility of the International Monetary Fund. The Niger’s performance in those areas was acknowledged and commended at the meeting, which brought together representatives of the World Bank and of our country’s Ministry of Economy and Finance. I recall these aspects of the situation in Niger because, as members are aware, a referendum was held in our country on 4 August 2009 to adopt a new constitution. It formalizes the return to a presidential Administration more suited to the realities of our country and introduces new provisions such as that establishing two chambers, Parliament and the Senate. The referendum, held in an atmosphere of calm and transparency by the National Independent Electoral Commission, enabled us to adopt the new constitution, which formalizes the arrival of the sixth Republic. Therefore, I wish to take this opportunity to reassure the international community, development partners, civil society and other actors and entities that may be justifiably concerned about the political situation in the Niger that the country is not in a situation of lawlessness or insurrection, as some would have one believe, but rather is a place where all people freely express their opinions within the framework of the democratic process, to which we are deeply committed. 09-52598 28 The sovereign people of the Niger have chosen to refashion the Republic around certain values with which they identify. In this new endeavour, President Mamadou Tandja has solemnly pledged that no group or structure will be overlooked. Following the referendum, the President recalled his willingness to work with all citizens of the Niger in the interest of the country and its people. The forthcoming legislative elections, to be held on 20 October, and the municipal elections in December 2009 will be opportunities for large-scale mobilization to ensure better representation for the people in the conduct of State affairs. It is this reality of a Niger marching towards development, resolutely committed to building its future and more determined than ever to lift its people out of poverty, that we must bear in mind. We fully support any joint action that can contribute to general and complete disarmament. We have been at the forefront in fulfilling our commitments in this area, and we are resolved to continue to work in that regard within our modest means. Our most recent initiative was to ratify the Convention on Cluster Munitions on 14 May 2009 — a formality that made the Niger one of the very first countries to do so and accelerated its entry into force. We believe that this gesture, although it may seem minor, assumes its full meaning in the context of the difficult path towards complete disarmament. For us, this initiative, together with our country’s ratification of the Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, Their Ammunition and Other Related Materials, adopted by the Economic Community of West African States, is a significant contribution to disarmament at our level. We are following the various processes carried out at various levels to reform the United Nations system. This includes reform of the Security Council, with regard to which we call for greater recognition of Africa’s role through the Ezulwini Consensus; the ongoing preparations to ensure the success of the United Nations climate change conference in Copenhagen; and the summit convened by the Secretary-General and just concluded here in New York, which benefited from the valuable guidance of heads of State and Government. In addition, there is United Nations system-wide coherence; the definition of the new concept of the responsibility to protect, which needs to be clearly defined and set out, as in the Constitutive Act of the African Union; and, finally, the follow-up to the outcome document of the Conference on the World Financial and Economic Crisis and Its Impact on Development, which the previous President of the General Assembly wished to begin by appointing facilitators. With regard to all those issues and many other important concerns, such as those referred to in the outcome document of the Follow-up International Conference on Financing for Development to Review the Implementation of the Monterrey Consensus, held at Doha at the end of 2008, we wish to express once again our ongoing concern that we should develop an inclusive and transparent approach at all levels that takes into account the concerns of both large and small countries. We are following with great interest, and often concern, the progress of the commitments made within the framework of the Millennium Development Goals, and we note that it remains mixed. At the same time, adverse phenomena are placing constraints on both developed and developing countries, such as the world economic and financial crisis. These problems now require that all of us redouble our efforts to keep our commitments. In that regard, we will closely follow the preparations for the 2010 mid-term review conference, which, we hope, will result in efforts to accelerate the attainment of the agreed objectives. We also take this opportunity to reaffirm the irreplaceable nature of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development as a relevant African initiative that must enjoy the support of the United Nations and of the international community as a whole. We welcome the decision to convene the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, and we salute the host country, Turkey, for its generous initiative vis-à-vis our group of countries. We also thank other countries and partner organizations which have always remained sensitive to the many constraints and concerns of our countries. We also know that, if significant progress has been made in 10 years in recognizing our difficult conditions and establishing useful partnerships in that regard, it is thanks to the coordination of the Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States. We thank him for his initiatives, which remain essential for least developed and landlocked countries in the Sahel, such as the Niger. 29 09-52598 I should also like to express my Government’s appreciation to the President of the General Assembly for his decision to devote part of this session to the subject of the dialogue among cultures and civilizations. We believe that that issue is worthy of much attention and of action throughout the sixty- fourth session. Indeed, we must maintain the momentum begun by eminent Member States through the Third Ministerial Meeting on Interfaith Dialogue and Cooperation for Peace, held in 2008; the High- Level Dialogue on Interreligious and Intercultural Understanding and Cooperation for Peace; and the international conference on dialogue among civilizations and cultural diversity, held from 2 to 4 June 2009 in Kairouan, Tunisia. We must develop these initiatives, for which my delegation reiterates its congratulations to the Governments of the countries concerned. Along the same lines, my delegation applauds the Government of the Philippines, which has decided to organize a special meeting at the ministerial level for the countries of the Non-Aligned Movement, under the theme “Interreligious Dialogue and Cooperation for Peace and Development”, from 1 to 3 December 2009 in Manila. That shows that the theme continues to draw the interest of many States and that you, Mr. President, were aptly inspired in identifying it as a topic of interest for the international community. I would like to conclude my statement by renewing my delegation’s delight at the direction that you, Sir, have suggested for the current Assembly session and by reiterating our full confidence in your leadership, which promises a very fruitful and dynamic term in the pursuit of common objectives of the international community. As always, you can count on the unflagging support and readiness of the Government of the Niger throughout your term.