At the outset, allow me to congratulate our brother Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser on his assumption of the presidency of the General Assembly. I am fully confident that, given his renowned experience and wisdom, he will ably execute the functions of his position. I wish him every success in his work. I would like to express our thanks and appreciation to Mr. Joseph Deiss for his constructive efforts in presiding over the General Assembly at its sixty-fifth session. 13 11-51670 Our thanks also go to Mr. Ban Ki-moon on his deserved re-election as Secretary-General of the United Nations. We wish to express our thanks and appreciation to him, as well as to the entire Secretariat staff for their work over the past year, in particular for their follow-up of the situation in my country. We wish to congratulate the people of the Republic of South Sudan on that country’s establishment and accession to the United Nations. We also wish to congratulate the National Transitional Council of Libya for its presence among us and for its representation of the brotherly Libyan people. Since January, my country has been experiencing an acute political crisis. The political opposition that has been one of the main components of our system since the unified State of Yemen was established in May 1990 decided to relinquish all common denominators and rejected the principle of consensus, refusing to implement the agreement reached since 2006 following its defeat in the presidential elections. It has created crises, raising its demands and rejecting all compromises and solutions. Realizing that democratic means would not enable it to seize power, the opposition resorted to political manoeuvres, including violence, threatening the outbreak of civil war and complete devastation in Yemen. That could undermine all the achievements of the Yemeni people in the modern era, as well as their struggle to establish a democratic political system and to protect their national identity, social fabric, unique human harmony and the system that we have managed to build. At the beginning of the 1990s, Yemen’s national movement made great progress by establishing a unified State of Yemen, founded on pluralistic democratic principles and coupled with various civil institutions that promoted and respected human rights. However, those who wished narrow, individual and partisan interests to prevail did not support that historic achievement. Therefore, they tried to stir up trouble, using the conflicts and mistakes made in Yemen in the early days of our unified State, as well as the challenges to development — the uncontrolled population growth, the prevailing poverty, the lack of national resources, increasing drought and desertification, and the scarce water and oil resources, which were the main source of income. All those factors have made it impossible for thousands of university graduates to find employment, which has led to social and political tensions and frustration. But all the opposition forces used the tidal wave of change witnessed by Arab countries to prevent Yemen from achieving democratic change through elections. However, we respected young people’s demand for change and started a dialogue with them in order to meet their demands for reform. We have created tens of thousands of jobs in order to alleviate unemployment. However, the opposition parties abused and misused the protests of our young people in order to seize power, and some of their elements have carried out subversive acts to sabotage the youth movement and its just demands. The opposition parties rejected the results of the democratic elections that were conducted under the international monitoring of the European Union, the Democratic National Institute and several international organizations, which verified that the elections were fair, democratic and transparent. Our Government showed its readiness to meet the requests of our young people and their legitimate demands to build a better future for us and for prosperity — a future that is hindered by my country’s weak economy, limited national resources and the prevalence of poverty and unemployment, as well as by terrorism and the repercussions of the global financial crisis. Our Government kept on calling on our development partners and friends and international organizations to provide financial and economic support in order to achieve sustainable development in Yemen, which would ensure security and stability in our country. The main reason for, and primary cause of, the current upheaval in Yemen is the dissatisfaction of the opposition and its refusal to endorse the election that took place in 2006. In that election our people showed confidence in the President of the Republic and chose him as our President. The opposition’s rejection of that process has led to the crisis that we are witnessing today at the economic, development, security and political levels. Despite the intransigence of the opposition, the President of the Republic offered compromise in order to achieve reconciliation between the opposition and the Government. That has led to the postponement of parliamentary elections for two years. However, the efforts of our President continue through his initiatives before Parliament and the Consultative Council, 11-51670 14 whereby he affirmed that he had no intention of running in the presidential elections and that he accepted the amendments to the Constitution and the electoral law, as well as an entire package of political reforms. Our country has incurred heavy losses, estimated at more than $2 billion, as a result of the chaos caused by the opposition parties, which have tried to cut off roads, blow up oil pipelines and cut power lines in many of our cities, in particular in the capital, Ta’izz, Aden and Abyan. However, the Government continued to seek a peaceful solution to the political crisis, calling on the opposition to come to the table and begin dialogue. We in Yemen are confident that the recent division will be overcome by returning to constitutional legality and remedying certain shortcomings. The Government offered a new opportunity for dialogue by endorsing the initiative of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) as the foundation for a solution to the political crisis, especially given that His Excellency President Ali Abdullah Saleh decided to entrust his Vice-President with all constitutional powers, to initiate dialogue with the signatories of the Gulf initiative and to create a mechanism that would guarantee a smooth and democratic transfer of power. That would allow for reconciliation, reform, change and reconstruction in Yemen without any violation of security, the Constitution or democratic principles. We believe that Yemen, as a country that opted for dialogue as a means of overcoming the political crisis, will provide a model for change in which all parties are winners and the status of women is enhanced. The President, following his return to Sana’a, declared in no uncertain terms that he supported the GCC initiative and was committed to it. He called on all parties to initiate dialogue and to reach a compromise with a view to its implementation. My country is continuing to make every effort to fight Al-Qaida and its terrorist acts in our country despite our Government’s limited resources. We have dealt some serious blows to Al-Qaida in Abyan province in recent weeks. What we need at the international level is an integrated global strategy that would help us build our national capacities and thereby enable us to fight extremism and terrorist ideology. Such a strategy would not involve military force only but would be of a social, educational and political nature and would strive to eradicate poverty and achieve universal justice. The Republic of Yemen attaches primary importance to human rights, which is one of the main pillars of the United Nations. Since the return of unity to Yemen in 1990, my country has made great strides in this area. We have established a Ministry for Human Rights and have become a signatory and party to a number of international human rights instruments and conventions, on whose implementation we submit periodic reports. We have also submitted our national reports within the context of the universal periodic review of the Human Rights Council, with which we cooperate. In that connection, we welcome the outcome of the review conducted by the Human Rights Council in Geneva and New York, in which we participated actively. There is no doubt that during the political crisis many human rights violations have been committed by all parties. The Government nonetheless showed a readiness to conduct independent national investigations and to bring the perpetrators to justice. The Government also opened its doors to the fact- finding mission sent by the Human Rights Council. In response to an invitation by our Government, the mission visited Yemen in July and submitted its report to the Council on 19 September. However, my country believes that resolving the political crisis is the key to stopping all violations of human rights. The Government of Yemen, during its chairmanship of the Group of 77 and China in 2010, continued to actively and sincerely work to achieve consensus and unity within the Group, which led to a consensus on many issues of interest to the Group, including, inter alia, climate change, the outcome document of the High-level Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly on the Millennium Development Goals, and United Nations reform. In that connection, we wish every success to the Republic of Argentina during its chairmanship of the Group. We also wish every success to the fraternal Republic of Algeria, which will chair the Group in 2012. The Israeli-Arab conflict represents the main threat to international peace and security. An objective understanding of the conflict clearly shows Israel’s intransigence and its Government’s policy of establishing settlements, its rejection of the legitimate and inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, its 15 11-51670 refusal to abide by international legality, and its rejection of the Arab Peace Initiative. We call upon the international community and the peace sponsors, including the United States of America, to continue their efforts to achieve universal recognition of a sovereign State of Palestine and to allow it to join the United Nations as a fully fledged Member of the Organization and other world organizations and organs. Allow me in closing to reiterate my thanks to the Secretary-General for his efforts in following the crisis in Yemen. I wish also to thank all the United Nations agencies for their humanitarian efforts in my country during this political crisis.