I would first like to thank and wish every success to Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser, President of the General Assembly at its sixty-sixth session, and to thank Mr. Deiss of Switzerland for his leadership during the sixty-fifth session. I would also like to take this opportunity to once again congratulate Secretary- General Ban Ki-moon on his appointment to a second term in office. I would like to acknowledge the importance of the choice of theme for this general debate, and to highlight the role of mediation in the settlement of disputes by peaceful means and as a way of preventing the resumption of hostilities. We greatly appreciate the mediation efforts of global and regional entities and organizations in various parts of the world to preserve peace and security and to settle conflicts through peaceful negotiations. Particularly worth mentioning is the engagement of regional organizations, which have gained a great deal of experience in mediation and have in-depth knowledge of political, cultural and military realities on the ground. The success of mediation hinges, among other things, on the articulation of a clearly defined mandate. A case in point for us has been the role of the Minsk Group of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) in settling the Nagorno Karabakh conflict. Another key factor worth highlighting here is the role of mediators in preventing the escalation of conflict and a resumption of hostilities. This aspect of mediation is sometimes overlooked, yet it is of no less importance to international peace and stability than is finding a solution to a contentious matter. Three years ago, when I had the honour to speak from this rostrum (see A/63/PV.9), I said that the time had come for serious consideration of people’s right to self-determination in the twenty-first century. Today, we are witnessing new instances of people exercising this inalienable right. In that context, I would like to congratulate the newly elected 193rd Member of the United Nations, the Republic of South Sudan. Its road to a seat in this Hall has been long and difficult, but the people of South Sudan, through the free expression of their will, have exercised their right to live as a sovereign, independent nation, thus pursuing the path that many of the Member States represented here today have taken. The people of Nagorno Karabakh made the same choice two decades ago by exercising their right to 23 11-51185 self-determination, withstanding the war unleashed by Azerbaijan, and surviving bloodshed to earn their right to live in freedom. The Nagorno Karabakh conflict settlement talks are continuing with the mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group co-chairs. We are grateful to the co-chair countries and their leaders for their mediation efforts. However, it is the negotiating parties, not the mediators, who have to reach an agreement. Azerbaijan’s utter unwillingness to reach an agreement and its everything-or-war position have stalled progress in the peace talks. Despite the expectations and high-level advice of the international community, Azerbaijan took yet another step backward during the last meeting in Kazan by rejecting the previously formulated arrangement and in fact trying to make the negotiation process break down. Baku has turned Armenophobia into State propaganda at a level that is way beyond dangerous. That is not just our view; the alarm has also been sounded by international entities specializing in combating racism and intolerance. Even more dangerously, Armenophobic ideas are spreading among the young Azeri generation, imperilling the future of peaceful coexistence. By denying and destroying all things Armenian, Baku stubbornly continues to disseminate false accusations against Armenia, Nagorno Karabakh and Armenians at all levels everywhere, including here, within the framework of the United Nations. Azerbaijan’s propaganda machine continues to regularly bombard the international community and its domestic audience with horrendous lies about so-called Armenian brutality and the killing of children. These stories are fabricated and disseminated based on their authors’ shallow yet painful logic, which posits that there are some people out there who will rise to the bait of this evil propaganda against Armenia and that it will thus serve a purpose. In recent years, owing to the efforts of the Minsk Group co-chair countries, particularly direct mediation on the part of the President of the Russian Federation, a number of documents have been signed, including the Meindorf, Astrakhan and Sochi declarations, which have stressed the need to strengthen confidence- building measures between the parties. The signature of the President of Azerbaijan is also on those documents. Azerbaijan, however, continues to turn down repeated proposals from the international community concerning agreement on the non-use of force and the strengthening of confidence-building measures. Moreover, Azerbaijan’s belligerent rhetoric and threats of war have intensified, and ceasefire violations that continue to deprive innocent civilians of their lives have grown more frequent. All of this is orchestrated at the highest State level. The dangerous rise in manifestations of Armenophobia not only does not contribute to an atmosphere of trust in the region, but also leads to questions about Azerbaijan’s understanding of the United Nations goals of tolerance and good-neighbourly coexistence. With such aspirations, it is impermissible and even dangerous to aspire to membership in the Security Council. Yesterday, in the framework of the Assembly, alongside debates on some of the most vital and urgent issues of our time, a High-level meeting was convened yesterday on the tenth anniversary of the Durban Declaration, which reiterated the urgent need to eliminate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and all forms of intolerance. Unfortunately, these phenomena are familiar to us Armenians not only from the examples I mentioned earlier and not only from this century. As a nation that has survived genocide, the most extreme form of racism and xenophobia, we are morally obliged to act to prevent future genocides. The elimination of racism and xenophobia and the inculcation of tolerance can be truly effective if accompanied by a clear prescription of liability. Impunity and the avoidance of accountability give birth to yet new crimes. Hence, it is incumbent upon the international community to identify and denounce without delay any expression of intolerance, especially in its extreme forms. The genocide of the Armenians perpetrated under the Ottoman Empire has been recognized and condemned by numerous countries, parliaments, international organizations and the community of genocide scholars. Unfortunately, the same does not hold true for the Republic of Turkey, which continues to engage in a policy of denying this atrocious crime against humanity. We unequivocally welcome the clear position adopted by the international community in precluding any possibility of immunity or pardon for the perpetrators of genocide and other crimes against humanity. Without recognition and condemnation, it will be impossible to develop and implement effective 11-51185 24 mechanisms of prevention, which is a United Nations priority. Armenia will contribute its utmost to the recognition, punishment and prevention of genocide. These references to the Armenian genocide lead me to recall another important celebration marked this year: the 150th birthday of Fridtjof Nansen, the first High Commissioner for Refugees. In the most difficult period for my nation, that great humanist rendered priceless support to the survival of the homeland- deprived fragments of the Armenian people who had fled the genocide. Holders of Nansen passports settled in various countries of the world. They rose to their feet and partook in the development of the countries and peoples that offered them refuge. I believe that justice and equal rights between States have become standards in international relations thanks to such powerful individuals, who promoted their vision of morality in the cruel world of realpolitik. Speaking from this rostrum in 2008, I expressed the hope that the Armenia-Turkey normalization process initiated by us, the establishment of diplomatic relations and the opening of the borders closed by Turkey, in violation of international law, would become the first steps towards the launch of a dialogue to overcome the climate of mistrust, suspicion and uncertainty between us. Although our initiative was commended and widely supported by the international community, Turkey has in all ways possible aborted the ratification and implementation of the protocols we signed in 2009. Today, on the eve of the Rio United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, political will must be exerted to honour the international commitments to convert the South Caucasus into a region of cooperation and prosperity. The correlation between security and development is not an abstract theory for our region, where economic cooperation and deeper integration with the global economy are hampered by unlawful blockades and the obstruction of regional integration projects. Those attitudes, alongside the fuelling of an arms race, not only pose a danger to the peoples of the region, but also continue to drain the resources direly needed for sustainable development. The time has come for the leaders of the countries of our region to stand above the dictates of narrow political agendas and to move towards solutions aimed at a peaceful and prosperous future for generations to come. I want to believe that, in the not-too-distant future, our region will be perceived as a solid and firm bridge uniting civilizations, rather than as a dividing line. Two days ago, the Republic of Armenia celebrated the twentieth anniversary of its independence. In September 1991, Armenia restored its independence, realizing the dream of the Armenian people and reuniting with the family of nations. In the realm of history, 20 years may seem like a short time, but for the current generation it has served as a time of great change, with the building of independent statehood and a renewed perception of its role and place in the world. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all the States, peoples and individuals that have supported us in these 20 years of development and State-building. Freedom, peace and democracy are our choice, and we are committed to this path. We are proud of our achievements today. In two decades, the Republic of Armenia has implemented a wide-scale programme of State-building. Much has been done in the fields of democratization, the protection of human rights, economic reform, and the establishment of the rule of law and a liberal economy. We have achieved much, but much remains to be done. Above all, we are convinced that we are on the right path — a path that is irreversible. Exactly a decade ago, New York, the city that is home to the United Nations, experienced one of the worst atrocities in the history of humankind — the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Armenia unconditionally supports and actively contributes to the international community’s counter-terrorism efforts and all the initiatives of the United Nations in this area. We are doing and will continue to do our best to make the world a safer and more peaceful place. We stand ready, to the best of our abilities, to contribute to global security and respond to global threats, be it through peacekeeping missions, the elimination of the consequences of natural disasters, environmental protection or the fight against terrorism, racism and intolerance. Over the years, we have proven our aspirations and determination with deeds, and we stand ready to continue doing the same.