Allow me first to congratulate Mr. Al-Nasser on his election to the presidency of the General Assembly at this sixty-sixth session. We wish him every success during his term of office. In the same way, we congratulate the Secretary-General on having been re-elected to a second term because of the confidence he has won from the people of the United Nations. I have not been involved in global issues, being the representative of the youngest nation in this family of nations. Our country is just two months and 14 days old today. Members can see how many problems and challenges are ahead of us. I wish at the outset to avail myself of this opportunity and the privilege of addressing this stellar gathering to reiterate, on my own behalf and on behalf of the people of the Republic of South Sudan, our most sincere and profound gratitude to the entire international community for the warmth with which our State has been welcomed into the community of nations. My people back home in South Sudan, and I personally here in New York, regard this significant moment as yet another milestone on the long list of our achievements. The President returned to the Chair. I should like to seize this opportunity also once again to salute the many who stood with us during our long struggle. We are indebted to many friends in this great Hall, without whose efforts it would not have been easy for us to get where we are today. We owe a debt of gratitude to the countries of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), the troika States, and the friends and partners of IGAD, who waged a struggle for peace for the Sudan that culminated in the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in 2005. As an emergent nation that has been embroiled in conflict during different periods of time, all of which add up to more than five decades, the Republic of South Sudan stands in dire need of all the help it can get. In most post-conflict situations, nations would normally expect to rebuild. That is not the case for us. Even before the ravages of war set in, our country had nothing worth rebuilding. Hence, we characterize our 21 11-51185 post-conflict mission as one of construction rather than reconstruction, and we therefore hope that the overwhelming outpouring of support and sympathy that greeted our independence from all corners of the globe will translate into tangible development assistance for South Sudan. Our march out of the abyss of poverty and deprivation into the realm of progress and prosperity is going to be a long one, and that is why we need members to partner us on this difficult journey. Although nature has endowed our country with some resources, notably oil and other mineral wealth, we hardly produce anything for ourselves — at least not yet. We are determined to diversify the economy of our country and lessen our precarious and near total dependence on oil. Our strategy is to use the oil as a catalyst to unlock the potential we have in other areas, especially in agriculture. Oil is a non-renewable resource that will inevitably be depleted at some point in the future, but we know that the land, water and human resources at our disposal will continue to be our country’s true, inexhaustible fount of wealth. The ambition of the people of South Sudan is to be able to transform their country into a regional agro-industrial powerhouse, but without a helping hand from others the attainment of this goal will indeed remain a tall order. Much as we need external assistance, it is our passionate wish that it be offered on terms that will also respect our political and economic choices. The Republic of South Sudan is under no illusion that economic development and prosperity can be achieved in the absence of a climate of peace and stability. We shall therefore strive to promote peace and harmony not only internally but also between all of our neighbours and us. Inside South Sudan, we have set up broad-based executive and legislative organs of Government that are inclusive of key political parties. We did so despite the fact that our party, the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement, won a landslide in the recent elections. We were not deterred from installing such an accommodative Government by the fact that we do not even yet have in place the requisite legal framework governing political party activity. We took those steps not only because of our commitment to political pluralism, but primarily because of our strong conviction that measures of inclusion such as these can foster peace and harmony. In the external domain, we remain strongly committed to maintaining peaceful and mutually beneficial relations with all States, and particularly with our neighbours. In that regard, I wish to affirm that the Republic of South Sudan fully adheres to the principle of absolute respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all States, including the Republic of the Sudan. Therefore, the Republic of South Sudan hereby categorically restates that it has not interfered and will not interfere in any domestic conflict situation in the Republic of the Sudan. However, on account of the fact that conflict areas in the Republic of the Sudan border our country and that any spillover effects from those could negatively impact our own security, we urge the Government of the Sudan to seek a peaceful resolution to those conflicts. We would like to emphasize in particular that the reinstatement by the Government of the Sudan of the recent Addis Ababa framework accord on the situation in Southern Kordofan State and political relations between the Government and the opposition could go a long way towards promoting the restoration of peace in the areas bordering South Sudan. There are a number of outstanding issues that have carried over from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. We hope to expeditiously resolve them so as to ensure the complete normalization of relations between the two States and the start of a new era of a positive and mutually beneficial relationship that will be predicated on the commonalities shared by the people of the two States. We therefore urge the Government of the Republic of the Sudan to consent to the speedy demarcation of the border between the two States, with the help of the international community. We hope that Khartoum will no longer object to such an arrangement, given that South Sudan is now a sovereign State. We would also like to plead with the Government of the Republic of the Sudan to agree to the submission of our dispute over the ownership of a number of border areas to international arbitration. The Government of the Republic of South Sudan applauds the cooperation of the Government of the Republic of the Sudan in paving the way to the deployment of the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei, and 11-51185 22 hopes that the two countries will reach agreement sooner rather than later on the resolution of the Abyei issue, in line with the relevant provisions of the CPA. On the economic front, South Sudan wishes to declare that it is willing and ready to outline serious negotiations with Khartoum. That will be done with the aim of reaching mutually acceptable arrangements that will guarantee for the Republic of the Sudan a fair income from the use of Sudan’s oil export infrastructure. In terms of governance, we have moved to rectify some of the defects in our system by strengthening the pillars of good governance. A number of key bills — notable among which is a public financial management bill — are now making their way steadily through the legislative process. The passage of such laws will help promote accountability and transparency and ultimately curb corruption and the unwarranted loss of public revenue. In conclusion, the new Republic of South Sudan vows to become an active member of the global family of nations, making its contribution to fostering world peace and prosperity for the benefit of all humankind.