Allow me at the outset to convey the regrets of His Excellency Mr. Amadou Toumani Touré, President of the Republic of Mali, who, owing to a particularly busy national schedule at this time, was unable to attend the current session of the General Assembly. However, he asked me to convey his most cordial greetings and sincere wishes for the success of our work. The Mali delegation is particularly pleased to convey to Mr. Al-Nasser its heartfelt congratulations on his election to the presidency of the General Assembly at its sixty-sixth session. His election is not only a just recognition of his exceptional qualities as a seasoned diplomat, but also a tremendous tribute to his country, Qatar, with which Mali enjoys excellent relations. I therefore assure him of the support and full cooperation of my delegation in discharging his mission. Allow me also to express my great appreciation to his predecessor, Mr. Joseph Deiss, for the superb manner in which he presided over the sixty- fifth session, which has just ended, to the satisfaction of all Member States. Finally, I should like to congratulate Secretary- General Ban Ki-moon on his outstanding re-election as the head of the Organization. I remain fully convinced that his unswerving commitment to upholding the principles and ideals of the Organization and to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals will help to strengthen further the role of the United Nations on the international scene. The current global context is marked by profound political upheavals that gravely threaten international peace and security. This situation makes the theme chosen for the general debate — “The role of mediation in the peaceful settlement of disputes” — all the more pertinent. I should therefore like first to stress the important role of mediation and the urgency of renewed collective efforts to prevent and resolve conflicts and, above all, to put a halt to violence, the untold suffering inflicted on civilian populations, and the massive destruction of socio-economic infrastructure. 5 11-51197 My country remains convinced that the prevention of conflicts and their resolution through mediation are undoubtedly guarantees of peace and lasting security. In that regard, Mali will continue to encourage and support all initiatives and mediation efforts under way with a view to combating the root causes of conflicts and paving the way to a lasting political solution able to guarantee peace, stability and security, without which there can be no socio-economic development. Part of this process are the promotion of good-neighbourly relations and peaceful coexistence, the non-use of force in dispute settlement, understanding and mutual respect, the bolstering of international cooperation, and the culture of peace and dialogue among religions and civilizations. The events under way in the world are of concern to us in that they clearly demonstrate that the quest for peace and security remains the most pressing challenge. In Africa, while outstanding progress has been made in promoting peace, security and stability, the fact remains that the situation in the Horn of Africa and in North Africa, particularly in Libya, remains a source of major concern. Today more than ever, weapons and deadly confrontations must give way to the imperative of dialogue and national reconciliation, which are required to establish lasting peace, consolidate national unity and maintain territorial integrity. In the Middle East, the Palestinian question is and remains a source of major concern to the international community, which must encourage the Israelis and Palestinians to take the steps necessary to establish a climate of trust and launch direct negotiations towards a comprehensive peace underpinned, inter alia, on the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council. While reiterating its active solidarity and total support to the Palestinian people in their just, legitimate struggle, Mali will continue to support all initiatives towards the creation of an independent, sovereign and viable Palestinian State living side by side and in peace with Israel within secure, internationally recognized borders. International peace and security continue to be threatened by other phenomena, such as international terrorism, cross-border organized crime, and the traffic in weapons, drugs and human beings. The attacks perpetrated throughout the world are stark reminders that no country is safe from terrorism, and that no cause, howsoever just, can justify the deliberate use of violence against innocent civilians. In that regard, I note the security challenges in the vast Sahelo-Saharan strip that Mali shares with several brother countries in the region. Our subregion faces today the proliferation of small arms and light weapons and the trafficking of drugs and human beings fuelled by organized crime networks in collusion with terrorist groups. The events in Libya and their collateral effects could further aggravate this already worrisome situation. Aware of the threats posed by these phenomena to the stability and harmonious development of the region, the Governments of the countries concerned have worked to establish joint operational mechanisms to combat our common enemies effectively. For its part, the Government of Mali reaffirms its full support for all initiatives of the States of the subregion seeking to better coordinate and harmonize our efforts to meet the multiple common challenges. Parallel to efforts at the subregional level, our Government is intensifying its efforts to implement the Special Programme for Peace, Security and Development in Northern Mali. The year 2012 will be an important one for Mali. After almost 20 years of democratic institutional practices, the President of the Republic, who will not stand for re-election, saw fit to revise the 1992 Constitution, following broad national consultations, in order to consolidate democracy, good governance and the rule of law in our country. A participative, inclusive process has already been opened with all stakeholders — the Government, political parties, national deputies and civil society — to guarantee the transparency and credibility of future referendums and future. I reiterate the commitment of the Government to do its utmost to smoothly implement the envisaged reforms and meet the challenge of holding successful elections in 2012. I remain confident of success as our democracy has matured over the past four elections. This progress has been inspired from Malian culture based on dialogue, tolerance and sharing. The people of Mali share the ambition of the Government to build a strong, united Mali — a democratic and stable Mali resolutely committed to peace, dialogue and international cooperation. They also share the determination of the Government to create the conditions for true prosperity in order to 11-51197 6 make Mali an emerging economy in the medium term. That is why I solemnly call from this rostrum on the international community and development partners to support the electoral process under way and our efforts to meet the challenge of organizing a constitutional referendum and free, transparent and democratic elections. As a Sahelo-Saharan country facing the phenomenon of desertification and unpredictable rainfall, Mali considers climate change to be one of the major challenges affecting the survival and development of humankind. That is why we are present at all meetings on this issue, as borne out by our recent participation at the High-level Meeting on the theme “Addressing desertification, land degradation and drought in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication”. I reaffirm Mali’s commitment to continuing to step up its actions to preserve and conserve the soils, forests and fauna, in step with the national and international commitments of our country. The sessions of the General Assembly also offer us a chance to take stock of the severity of other challenges facing the world. I think in particular of the struggle against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and non-communicable diseases, which were the subject of High-level Meetings on 19 and 20 September. In addition to the challenges they pose to public health, these scourges have become a real problem for development. The international community must, we believe, redouble its efforts and its vigilance to contain these illnesses. It will also have to deliver on its commitments to the developing countries in order to allow them to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. It is also important to give sustained attention to the issue of reform and democratization of the United Nations by giving a greater role to women in decision- making in political, economic and security forums. It is also important to democratize the international financial institutions, bearing in mind the huge changes that have taken place in the world and the need for better representation for all regions. The global economic situation certainly remains fragile, but the financial crisis should not become a pretext for reducing official development assistance (ODA). The implementation of the Programme of Action for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals must remain a priority. The international community must revive its collective will to put into practice and even go beyond commitments undertaken in the field of ODA in order to combat poverty and all forms of injustice that breed violence and insecurity throughout the world. Similarly, the implementation of the Istanbul Political Declaration and Programme of Action for the least developed countries (LDCs) for the decade 2011- 2020 will allow the LDCs to marshal the necessary financial resources to ensure the lasting growth and development that guarantee peace and stability in the world. In that regard, Mali will continue to support all innovative initiatives in development financing, trade, the alleviation of foreign debt, and technology transfer to developing countries in general and LDCS in particular. In our quest for a safer and more just, prosperous and peaceful world, the best way to guarantee our common future is to strengthen cooperation and international solidarity. Let us engage collectively to find lasting solutions to the challenges and complex problems facing humankind. It is in the interest of us all and in the interest of our collective survival.