It is my honour to greet the President on behalf of the people of Haiti, and I congratulate our dear friend and brother Mr. Julian Hunte, President of this session of the General Assembly. After having celebrated in 1992 500 years of Indian, black and popular resistance, the Republic of Haiti will celebrate on 1 January 2004 the bicentennial anniversary of its independence. From this moment on, the first black republic of the world most warmly welcomes you to that celebration of freedom. A universal value, that freedom, won in 1804 by our ancestors, must direct us, day and night, towards peace. Because of the genocide inflicted first on the Indians, then on 15 million Africans, wrested from their native land and thrown in chains of slavery onto the soil of Haiti in 1502, there could be no peace. During those three centuries of genocide, our continent provided 70 per cent of the entire world's gold, or 2,849 tons of gold, valued at $36 billion. Of course, slavery is a crime against humanity. It is therefore the binding obligation of our generation to enshrine in the museum of civilization the gold book dedicated to reparation and restitution. Yesterday there was trafficking in blacks. Tomorrow will be the celebration of blacks of blacks who are free and free forever so that peace will finally reign. Therefore, 1 January 2004, will be a celebration for all freedom-loving blacks and whites; a celebration and a holiday for all peoples who thirst for freedom and peace. Thus, we wish to proceed from this bicentennial of freedom to achieve a millennium of peace. 7 In that context, the Republic of Haiti is aiming at sustainable development, to make it possible to achieve the Millennium Development Goals adopted here in 2000 by the world's heads of State and Government. The reduction by half, by 2015, of the percentage of the world's population whose income is less than one dollar a day is indeed an enormous challenge. Yes, it is an enormous challenge to be met, given the acceleration of economic globalization. In this vast space of freedom, where, unfortunately, it has not yet been possible to break the chains of abject poverty, four fifths of the world's inhabitants are users of only one fifth of the planet's entire resources. While global production of basic food products represents 110 per cent of global needs, 30 million people die of hunger every year. To achieve the Millennium Development Goals in Haiti, the exercise of power entails respect for fundamental freedoms, tolerance and good governance; a war on the evils of corruption, drug trafficking and impunity; investment in human beings, security for all, and the holding of free, honest and democratic elections. For the birth of a new Haiti and the advent of a better world, we are opposed to the extinction of freedom, as well as to that of our species and ecosystems. In the Caribbean and in Latin America, the deterioration of the environment is affecting 300 million hectares of land and nearly 30 per cent of coral reefs. Over the past three decades, of 400 million hectares of natural forest that have perished throughout the world, 40 per cent are in the Caribbean and Latin American regions. It goes without saying that the poorest segment of our peoples consequently suffer, and their suffering is our pain. While scientists at the Stockholm summit emphasized the extermination of 150 species of birds and the threat of extinction of 1,000 others, the burning issue today focuses on life or the gradual extinction of the human species. That is demonstrated by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. There are 42 million infected persons throughout the world; 3.1 million deaths; 13 million orphans whose parents have been decimated by the virus; and 6,000 young people who are infected with HIV every day. The attempt to effectively combat this pandemic means opting inevitably for the eradication of poverty. The First Lady of the Republic has written that the burden of the foreign debt and economic sanctions are obviously not paving the way for such eradication. Indeed, in the Caribbean and in Latin America, the foreign debt entails an average net transfer of 25 billion dollars annually to the North. In other words, the aggregate value of that debt exceeds half of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the region. Throughout this collective and historic march towards the Millennium Goals, we hope that the contribution of the rich countries to sustainable development will rise from 0.2 to 0.7 per cent of their gross national product (GNP). Numerous observers have expressed their gratification at observing the reduction in global military spending on a worldwide scale during the last decade of the twentieth century. From 1985 to 1998, those expenditures declined from 1,210.5 billion to 803.7 billion dollars. The drop in military spending and the rise in spending for human development will, we believe, promote both human and economic growth. The Republic of Haiti will continue, unceasingly, to fight against violence and terrorism. It hopes, however, that this uncontrollable need will not lead to stepping up an arms race or the proliferation of deadly weapons throughout the world. Terrorism and bio-terrorism are by no means mere hallucinations. To live in freedom and to live in peace there is a need to eradicate violence wherever it may come from. May we finally see the dawn of an era of peace in the Middle East, in Afghanistan, in Africa, in Asia and in Iraq, wherever wars are inflicting untold suffering on mankind. Since 1989, the end of the cold war, there have been more than 60 armed conflicts claiming the lives of hundreds of thousands of individuals and creating more than 17 million refugees. Violence and slavery are sources of darkness. Peace and freedom are sources of light. Our world is seeking that light. That light, like freedom, is absolutely indispensable for life on earth. Impoverished, but aware of its human, cultural and historic riches, Haiti shines beyond the darkness of colonization like a beacon of freedom. Let us humbly say: The first black republic of the world Is and continues to be the geographical axis of freedom for blacks. 8 (Spoke in Haitian Creole) Haiti is the mother of liberty, Her sons and daughters are the fruits of human dignity. (Spoke in French) Haiti is the mother of liberty, Her sons and daughters are the fruits of human dignity. May it shine, may it shine day and night, that light of freedom! Thanks to Albert Einstein, we know that light is made up of particles and therefore implies a flow of photons. Thanks to Toussaint Louverture, we know that liberty is a radiant source of light, giving off photons of dignity, justice and peace. May the blazing light of liberty shine throughout the world. Our ancestors and your ancestors freed the slaves from their chains. Today, let us unite to free the world from the chains of inhuman poverty. Then we shall see a reign of happiness, justice and peace at the heart of all nations and in Haiti, where you will be all warmly welcomed to celebrate the bicentennial of our independence.