Lao People's Democratic Republic

The unanimous election of Mr. Freitas do Amaral to preside over this historic session, the fiftieth, of the General Assembly is a well-deserved tribute to his country, Portugal. Aware of his talent and his many political activities at the national and international levels, I venture to believe that under his guidance this session of the General Assembly will be successful. On this occasion, I also wish to pay tribute to, and to congratulate, Mr. Boutros Boutros-Ghali, the Secretary- General of our Organization, for his vigorous efforts in carrying out his very responsible functions for the maintenance of peace and for the promotion of development throughout the world. The international situation is still complex and in a state of flux. Ethnic, religious and border conflicts still raging in various parts of our planet continue to haunt the international community. Despite numerous efforts to resolve those conflicts, there is no indication that we are anywhere near the goals we have set for ourselves. Bearing in mind past lessons and experiences, we should engage in informed reflection, undertake appropriate actions and act together to find reasonable and peaceful ways to meet these challenges. The realities of the world today show that it is not easy to create an atmosphere where peace and justice prevail, because this involves a noble, difficult and long- term duty, a duty that requires, at one and the same time, patience and resolution, which the international community as a whole is called upon to provide, is in the interest of the nations and the peoples of the world. In Europe, the conflict in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which has caused great suffering to its people, remains without a final solution. The 60-day cease-fire agreement just concluded by the parties involved in this painful conflict is undoubtedly a new stage in the search for a global peace. This agreement also requires that other efforts be made, with a maximum of wisdom and restraint and a readiness to restore peace and stability in this region of the world. In Africa, after long years of struggle, the apartheid system finally has been abolished. Like all other peoples that love peace and freedom in the world, the Lao people are very happy about this event. We wish ever-greater success to the new South African authorities, under the wise leadership of President Nelson Mandela, in their tireless efforts to build a new South Africa, united, non- racial, democratic and prosperous. Still on the subject of Africa, the Lao people hope that the ethnic conflicts and violence still raging in some countries of the continent will be peacefully resolved in order to preserve unity and to promote national harmony and development in their respective countries. In the Caribbean, the overall situation is favourable to the promotion of mutual understanding as well as to the development cooperation between the countries of this region. In this context, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic believes that it is high time that the economic blockade decreed unilaterally against Cuba be lifted in order to contribute to the promotion of peace and stability and cooperation between the peoples of this region, without any discrimination whatsoever. In the Middle East, the conclusion this past September of the agreement between the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel, which deals with the extension of autonomy to the West Bank region, marks a new, positive step in the implementation of the Declaration of Principles signed in Washington in 1993. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic hopes that the Middle East peace process will continue to move ahead, in the interest of lasting peace and of cooperation for development between the peoples of this region. In the Asia-Pacific region, countries of that region have exerted many laudable efforts to ensure the maintenance of peace and security and promotion of cooperation for development. These efforts enjoy increasing support from the various peoples of the world. The initiative to create a Regional Forum for the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) is another important gauge of the depth and strength of the confidence and cooperation in this part of the world. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic welcomes the positive results of the implementation of the 15 agreements which have been reached between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the United States of America and which have contributed to improving the situation in that region. At the same time, the Lao people fully support the ardent aspirations of the Korean people to the peaceful and independent reunification of Korea. As an integral part of the community of South-East Asia, one of the regions recognized for its activities in favour of maintaining peace and cooperation in the region and in the world, my country, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, has made a worthy contribution to that effort designed to make that region one of peace, friendship and cooperation as well as a nuclear-weapons-free zone. In its effort at national construction, my country has also had new success. Last year, the economic-growth rate reached the level of 8 per cent. The volume of foreign investment has increased, thus contributing to the improvement of the Lao people’s living conditions. More important still, political stability and social order in the country are now solidly guaranteed. At the present time, the Lao government is working actively to carry out, under market mechanisms, the development strategy to the year 2000, which would promote economic growth along with social development, the development of human resources and sustainable rural development, while giving great importance to environmental protection and the protection of the rights and the interests of women and children. In the international arena, the Lao Government will continue to apply its consistent policy of peace, friendship and cooperation with all countries. For the time being, it is concentrating its efforts on establishing the necessary conditions for it to become, in the near future, a full- fledged member of ASEAN. We hope that the countries of that organization, other friendly countries, and international organizations will provide assistance and support for our efforts. In recent years, the world economic situation as a whole has shown a somewhat positive trend. None the less, the majority of the developing countries still face economic difficulties stemming from many causes. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic believes, therefore, that in order for interdependence to be of equal benefit to all, we should resume as quickly as possible North-South dialogue in order to promote cooperation for development. At the same time, every effort should be made to find the means to settle as quickly as possible the debt problem of the least developed countries, in order to create conditions favourable to their development. The Government of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic attaches great importance to the implementation of the Programme of Action adopted by the Social Summit — the first of its kind — which was held last March in Copenhagen. My Government hopes that the international community will work together to implement that Programme and to promote socioeconomic development, which would allow mankind to live in conditions of peace, security and justice. The Government of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic believes that the success of the Fourth World Conference on Women, held in Beijing this past September, created a favourable political, economic and sociocultural atmosphere for the full participation of women in development. We will thus continue to promote and ensure rights to equality between men and women — rights that are clearly specified in our Constitution. We will also continue to mobilize and to help the women of ethnic minorities to participate fully in the development process, as both players and beneficiaries of the fruits of growth. In the current international situation, even though East-West confrontation has ended, mankind none the less continues to be concerned by the danger posed by the existence of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction. It is imperative that joint, effective measures be taken to reduce this danger and eliminate it forever. In this context, the Government of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic supports the initiative of the countries of South-East Asia to make this region a nuclear-weapon-free zone. The question of the promotion of human rights and of fundamental freedoms continues to have a high priority on the international agenda. In considering this question, a large number of countries are concerned at the trend to deal only with the civil and political aspects of human rights and to use them to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries, which would violate the rights of peoples to self-determination. Bearing in mind the intrinsic characteristics of each nation, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic believes that only a global and balanced approach to this sensitive question would serve the cause of human rights and would meet the legitimate interests of all peoples. We are meeting today at a time when the United Nations is actively preparing to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary. This commemoration should be for us all an unprecedented opportunity to review the Organization’s 16 performance over the past five decades, with the goal of enhancing the effectiveness of its role in the economic and social development of peoples and in the maintenance of world peace. In a new international context, the United Nations, and in particular its Security Council, should be restructured and democratized in order to become a reliable and upright body enjoying the confidence of all nations and capable of solving global problems. In this spirit, the delegation of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic will continue, together with other delegations, to make its active contribution to the strengthening of our universal Organization.