Allow me, at the outset, to express my warm congratulations and wishes to His Excellency Mr. Jan Kavan for every success on his election to the presidency of the fifty- seventh session of the General Assembly. I should also like to express my delegation's gratitude to His Excellency Mr. Han Seung-soo for the competent and able manner in which he conducted the work of the fifty-sixth session. I wish to convey to His Excellency Mr. Kofi Annan, the Secretary-General, the sincere appreciation of His Excellency General Lansana Conté, President of the Republic of Guinea, for his tireless and dedicated efforts on behalf of the community of nations. In addition, I wish to welcome the admission of the Swiss Confederation, a country of great traditions of peace and democracy, to the Organization. My delegation looks forward with great interest to the forthcoming entry of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste to the family of nations. I remain convinced that the accession of those two countries will make a high-quality contribution to the endeavours of the international community and will strengthen the Organization's universality. Twelve months have passed since the tragic events of 11 September 2001. The global security climate has suffered profound changes, casting new light on the dangers of international terrorism and its interdependence with other forms of crime. Terrorism, one need hardly stress again, constitutes a menace to international peace and security. Faced with the global dimensions of that scourge, my country associates itself fully with the efforts of the international community with a view to providing an appropriate response. In that regard, we hope for the prompt adoption of a general convention against terrorism and for the effective implementation of other existing international legal instruments. Within the framework of the dialogue among civilizations, an appeal should be addressed to all countries for the organization of an extensive campaign of education and consciousness- raising in order to promote tolerance, respect and acceptance of others. The current session is being held in a difficult international context dominated by numerous conflicts that compromise legitimate aspirations to peace and progress. In this climate of violence, nevertheless, a gleam of hope can be glimpsed on the African continent. We welcome the important progress made towards the restoration of peace in Angola and in the Great Lakes region, especially in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and in Burundi. In the Horn of Africa, peace between Eritrea and Ethiopia is gradually returning, but the Somalia crisis remains more 17 worrisome than ever. In Western Sahara, my country supports the remarkable work accomplished by the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General, Mr. James Baker. We encourage him to persist in his efforts with a view to finding an acceptable and definitive solution to that crisis. In the Middle East, the conflict situation persists. The cycle of acute violence over the past two years has widened further the gap between the parties, reinforcing the wall of misunderstanding. The Government of Guinea is convinced that the application of Security Council resolutions 242 (1967) and 338 (1973) will allow Palestinians and Israelis to coexist peacefully within secure and internationally recognized borders. We appeal to the two parties to comply unconditionally with Council resolutions 1397 (2002) and 1402 (2002). We reaffirm the support and the solidarity of Guinea to the brotherly people of Palestine, to the Palestinian Authority and to its head, President Yasser Arafat, who has fought courageously for the creation of an independent and sovereign Palestinian State for more than 50 years. The situation in Iraq is a source of vital concern to the people and the Government of Guinea. In order to prevent further suffering by the Iraqi population and to preserve peace in the region as well as international security and stability, my country invites the parties to show greater restraint. Iraq's acceptance of the unconditional return of the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission is an encouraging sign for the peaceful settlement of the crisis. My delegation appeals earnestly to Iraq to respect and comply with the relevant Council resolutions. Turning to the Korean Peninsula, Guinea supports the efforts for peaceful reunification of the two Koreas, in conformity with the declaration signed by the heads of State of the two countries in June 2001. My Government reaffirms its attachment to the principle of one China. I now turn to the situation in our subregion, West Africa, an area that has long been shaken by internal crises but that is now moving towards a climate of peace and stability. Sierra Leone has committed itself to the path of peace and reconciliation, thanks to the mediation of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and to the support of the United Nations. That success was also made possible by the United Kingdom's important role. In Liberia, the situation is still precarious. My delegation remains convinced that the adoption and effective implementation of a programme of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of armed groups, based on the successful conclusion of the inter- Liberian dialogue begun in Abuja, will contribute to the restoration of peace and stability in the subregion. Guinea, a member of the Mano River Union, renews its commitment to continuing to work for peace. Because of that commitment, my country took an active part, in the Rabat Summit, on 27 February 2002 and in the process of implementing its recommendations. The political dialogue at the Summit should be pursued with a view to strengthening confidence between the parties. In that regard, it is important to point out that the Joint Security Committee of the Mano River Union, which met in Freetown on 10 September 2002, decided to simultaneously reopen the borders among the three countries of the Union and to organize a caravan for peace next October that will tour those countries. My delegation takes this opportunity to again express its profound gratitude to His Majesty King Mohammed VI of Morocco for his mediation. The political dialogue at the Summit and the respect for measures imposed by Security Council resolution 1343 (2001) represent two complementary tracks of managing the situation in the Mano River Basin. The international community, in particular the Council, should ensure follow-up, while bearing in mind the interdependence of the situations in Liberia and Sierra Leone. The Government of Guinea hopes that the establishment of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for West Africa will contribute to meeting the challenges faced by the States of the subregion. We also welcome the creation of a Security Council Working Group on Conflict Prevention and Resolution in Africa. Clearly, that initiative is likely to contribute to our common reflection on such problems. Disarmament issues, particularly those related to light weapons and to anti-personnel mines, remain a source of concern. As members are aware, Guinea belongs to a subregion whose population continues to suffer the adverse effects of the proliferation and the illicit circulation of light weapons, which feed conflicts, lead to the resurgence of crime and encourage the phenomenon of child soldiers. 18 We welcome the renewal of the ECOWAS Moratorium aimed at eradicating that phenomenon. We call for the implementation of all measures for the dismantling of supply networks of small arms and light weapons. We support the pursuit of all the activities under way to alleviate the suffering and loss of life caused by anti-personnel mines. The consequences of armed conflicts and natural disasters primarily affect vulnerable civilian populations, which constitute the majority of refugees and displaced persons. For more than a decade, Guinea has been hard hit by the negative socio-economic, security and environmental impact of wars in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea-Bissau. Let me take this opportunity to reiterate our appeal for the holding of a special consultation of the United Nations on Guinea. In this context, my country appreciates the renewed commitment made by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) at the workshop held on 18 July 2002 by the Security Council on the countries of the Mano River Union. My delegation welcomes the creation of the Regional Bureau for humanitarian affairs in West Africa, the extension of the rapid response system for natural disasters and the setting up of the integrated regional information network. Prevention and resolution of conflicts calls for the reduction of poverty and eradication of disease. The question of HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis remains a source of concern, especially for developing countries, particularly those in Africa. The adoption by the General Assembly of the Millennium Declaration, the declaration of commitment on HIV/AIDS and the 2001-2010 Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa, are significant steps forward. But the question of mobilizing resources remains central to this effort. The primary responsibility for measures to be taken to implement these initiatives falls to African leaders. However, they need to be supported at the community, national, regional and international levels. My delegation welcomes the Secretary-General's initiative that led to the creation of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and other transmittable diseases. One of the commitments made by heads of State and Government at the historic Millennium Summit was to reduce, if not eliminate, poverty. But much of the planet's population is still living in absolute poverty. This situation is aggravated by the effects of globalization that, in the absence of just and equitable rules, increases the capacity of the strong to promote their interests, while limiting that of the weak. The advent of the African Union illustrates the will of African peoples to achieve the objectives of economic integration and consolidate the foundations of peace, stability and security in Africa. In that framework the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) remains an effective instrument for enhancing the African economies and bringing about their integration into the world economy. My delegation appeals to the various partners to provide effective support in order to make that common vision a reality. We hope that the decisions of the International Conference on Financing for Development in Monterrey, the commitments of the G-8 in Kananaskis and the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development held at Johannesburg will have a positive impact on Africa. My delegation welcomes the improvement of the procedures and methods of work aimed at better operation of the General Assembly. We support the reform of the Security Council, to adapt it to the requirements of democracy and transparency, especially by increasing the number of its permanent and non-permanent members on the basis of a more equitable geographical distribution. Two years after the historic Millennium Declaration, the gap between North and South continues to widen. I wish to express our sincere hope for the advent of a world of greater justice and solidarity in the framework of true partnership for peace and development. Accordingly, we remain convinced that the United Nations, reformed, revitalized, adapted to new changes, remains a viable framework to face the challenges before us, and thus to ensure for future generations the conditions necessary for their fulfilment.