At the outset, allow me to congratulate, on behalf of Mr. Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz, President of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, and on my own behalf, His Excellency Mr. Joseph Deiss on his election as President of the General Assembly at its sixty-fifth session and to wish him every success in his new duties. I have great confidence that his diligent efforts will have a positive impact on our Organization, as did those of his predecessor, His Excellency Mr. Ali Abdussalam Treki, whose praiseworthy labours strengthened the ties of cooperation, the bonds of brotherhood, and the universal principles of peace and dialogue within the General Assembly. It also gives me great pleasure to express my thanks and appreciation to His Excellency Secretary- General Ban Ki-moon for his serious efforts to achieve 33 10-55103 the objectives of the Organization and to strengthen the pillars of peace, security and prosperity in the world. Mauritania fulfilled its constitutional obligation by selecting Mr. Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz as President of the Republic through elections in which the Mauritanian people expressed their will freely, impartially and maturely. Today, for the first time in its history, my country has taken a comprehensive qualitative leap forward into a new era — which we call “the era of serious work” — to improve the living conditions of Mauritanian citizens, consolidate democracy and build a State that is on good terms with its citizens and its neighbours on the basis of justice, equality and the values of the Republic. In this new era, there are no political prisoners in Mauritania and the pluralistic Parliament plays its full role in legislating and in supervising the Government. The press exercises its freedom without censorship or constraint, as do political parties, unions and civil society institutions. Inspired by the electoral platform of President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz, the Government of Mauritania has devoted itself to implementing an ambitious development policy with clearly visible goals, including the elimination of corruption and its consequences; the promotion and use of the country’s resources in a rational, responsible and transparent manner; ensuring respect for the rule of law and the country’s prestige; providing security throughout society; offering basic services, and constructing essential infrastructure needed for the country’s development. This policy has earned the confidence and support of Mauritania’s brothers, friends and development partners, who, at their round table meeting in Brussels in June, blessed our ambitious development programme and pledged financial support totalling $3.2 billion over three years. In this regard, we thank them sincerely for having made every effort to ensure the success of the round table and for all their support for our development programmes. In the course of implementing these programmes, Mauritania became a hub of activity as roads and health and education facilities were built and integrated projects established for the purpose of empowering women and youth in order to contribute to the socio- economic development of the country and to improve conditions for the poor and the marginalized, who rejoiced at the election of our President and have granted him the nickname “President of the poor” for his great devotion to and care for the people. Mauritania, like other countries, is confronted with terrorism and transnational organized crime. Terrorism is a global phenomenon that is not tied to a particular country, continent, religion or society. Any attempt to conflate Islam with this phenomenon is rejected, unacceptable and illogical. Those most affected by terrorism are, after all, the Muslims and the Islamic world. We believe that the fight against terrorism requires progress in social justice, the training of young people and their integration into an active life. This will give them hope so that they do not become easy recruiting targets for terrorists and extremist organizations. My country is making diligent efforts on all these fronts and promoting the role of our prominent scholars to debate in the best possible manner and to provide the correct image of Islam, which is a religion of tolerance, virtue and acceptance of others and one that rejects excess and extremism. Moreover, Mauritania, far from being at war with anyone, as His Excellency the President of the Republic has repeatedly said, will spare no effort to maintain peace and security for its citizens and ensure the necessary conditions for the development of the country in security and stability. The establishment of a united Arab Maghreb is a strategic option for the peoples of the region, and failure to maintain such unity will reflect negatively on the future of that vital region of the world. There is no doubt that finding a timely solution to the issue of Western Sahara and obtaining the consent of the parties concerned would contribute to accelerating the pace of integration of the united Maghreb and enable it to play its full role as an indispensable and effective regional partner. On the other hand, conscious of the importance of the United Nations as an irreplaceable forum for the voices of Member States and other members of the international community, big and small, powerful and weak, as well as for resolving difficult international issues and coordinating and supporting development efforts, Mauritania supports efforts to reform the Organization and its organs, especially the Security Council. 10-55103 34 We call for the expansion of the Council to include permanent representation for the African continent and the Arab Group, because democracy is an international requirement and not only a national practice or objective. Given their cultural, human and strategic significance, it is neither logical nor acceptable not to grant permanent seats on the Security Council to the African continent and the Arab world. The Arab-Israeli conflict remains a source of tension and a threat to international peace and security in an extremely sensitive and vital area of the world. That region will know no stability until a definitive solution to the conflict is found. Such a solution must be just and permanent and in accordance with resolutions of international legitimacy. It must allow the brotherly Palestinian people to exercise their full right to establish their independent and viable State in Palestine, with East Jerusalem as its capital. It must also ensure the restoration of all occupied Arab territories, including the Syrian Golan Heights and the Lebanese Shab’a farms. Mauritania hopes that the direct negotiations between the Palestinians and the Israelis, sponsored by the United States, will conclude in tangible results and an acceptable time frame. There is no people in the Middle East that needs peace more than the Palestinian people. My country has called for the lifting of the unjust siege on Gaza and for an end to its collective and inhumane punishment. Restoring rights and justice to their owners and between nations and cultures is the best means to achieve peace and security in the world. Before concluding, allow me to reiterate what I stated a few days ago — the development challenges before us all will be exacerbated unless we all assume our responsibilities and fulfil our commitments. Developing countries require the urgent attention of the international community if they are to achieve the stability, development and progress that will enable them to integrate into the global economic system.