First of all, let me join other delegations in offering congratulations to His Excellency Mr. Joseph Deiss on his election to the post of President of the General Assembly at its sixty-fifth session. With your guidance, Sir, my delegation is confident that we can discuss, in the spirit of cooperation, the different global challenges confronting us in order to further the common good of humankind. We are meeting at a time when the world is going through some mixed developments. While, on some parts of the globe, countries are experiencing relative peace, in other parts they are embroiled in armed conflict. While some countries are enjoying economic growth and budget surpluses, others are experiencing economic stagnation or contraction. The focus at this session of the General Assembly on reviewing the progress on the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is most appropriate. The achievement of the eight cross-cutting Goals we set for ourselves would improve the quality of life of all of our peoples. Just last week, we concluded a stocktaking of the progress in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals. While the results on the scorecard are mixed, the commitment of Member States to continuing to implement measures to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015 is unequivocal. Papua New Guinea, like many developing countries, has had measured success. As many noted last week, the global economic crisis has had an adverse bearing on the implementation of the MDGs. I would add, however, that had the resources promised in 2000 for implementing the MDGs been made available, the assessment sheet for many developing countries would have looked more positive. Papua New Guinea applauds the commitment of $40 billion for poverty alleviation, especially to improve the health of children and women. It is our hope that this will be a new resource envelope and not repackaged old commitments. We have noted the calls for countries to take greater ownership of the implementation of the eight Millennium Development Goals. Papua New Guinea has accepted these challenges. We will continue to do 10-55128 2 all we can to meet the obligations we assumed when we joined others in 2000 to adopt the Millennium Declaration (resolution 55/2). The Permanent Representative of Papua New Guinea to the United Nations outlined in detail last week our country’s efforts to achieve the MDGs by 2015. Allow me to reiterate some of the main actions we are taking. Papua New Guinea has adapted and localized the MDGs by establishing 15 targets and 67 indicators within our medium-term development strategy for the period 2005 to 2010. We have calibrated our 2011-2015 medium-term development plan and designed our development strategic plan to achieve the MDGs. In addition, we have drafted our 2050 Vision Statement to be consistent with the Millennium Development Goals. Our official development assistance programmes with our donor partners are being gradually realigned to enable Papua New Guinea to eventually meet its MDG targets. On a wider scale, we urge donor partners to abide by the principles of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness and the Accra Agenda for Action. In the Pacific, we have adopted the Cairns Compact to better coordinate development assistance and to ensure effective delivery. Developed countries also need to raise their official development assistance to 0.7 per cent of their gross national income, in line with their commitments. In line with our commitment towards MDG 3, my Government has submitted proposed legislation to the Papua New Guinea legislature to reserve 22 seats for women in the national Parliament. With respect to MDG 2, we have introduced a universal primary education policy and aim to achieve free primary-level education for all of our children by 2015. Papua New Guinea is under no illusion that the achievement of the MDGs is a unilateral undertaking. This is a joint undertaking between developed and developing countries, just as it is a cooperative effort between the Government and civil society organizations. It is for this reason that my country is disappointed that MDG 8 on a global partnership for development appears to attract little serious interest from the developed countries. We note that the real value of aid has remained constant and that the Doha Development Round remains an unfinished affair. Also of concern to us is the inability of many developing countries to enjoy equitable treatment from the Bretton Woods institutions. Our efforts to reduce deforestation in tropical rain forest countries, which I will touch on later, have met with the same apathetic response. Despite the best of efforts within the World Trade Organization and Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum processes, the international trading environment continues to be characterized by inequalities. Often less visibly but still harmfully, global trade continues to be encumbered by trade protectionist measures. In the area of international peace and security, the world, unfortunately, is no safer today than it was when the United Nations was established. War continues to be waged in Afghanistan. Iraq continues to suffer from regular suicide bombings. The Korean peninsula continues to be a flashpoint in the Asia region, and the Middle East continues to be a hotbed of tension. Likewise, regional conflicts and ethnic tensions continue to erupt in many parts of Africa, Latin America and Eastern Europe. The international community needs to do more to address these conflicts, especially the Afghanistan and Iraq issues. The fragile peace and global security environment is further exemplified by the continued presence of Blue Helmets in many parts of world. Papua New Guinea commends the efforts of United Nations peacekeeping forces, many of which have to operate in very trying circumstances. We wish to thank the troop-contributing countries for bearing this onerous responsibility on all our behalves. For our part, I am pleased to announce that my Government has enacted the International Obligations Bill to provide the legal framework for Papua New Guinea’s participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations. Acts of terrorism continue and the threat of another terror attack on a scale similar to that of 9/11 remains real. The international community must continue to strengthen its cooperation to address this scourge. Nuclear weapons continue to cause anxiety in our security considerations. While some may argue that nuclear weapons are the reason why the world has not fought another world war, my Government believes that these weapons of mass destruction are unnecessary and need to be eliminated. As part of that process, we support efforts to strengthen the mechanisms aimed at the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. 3 10-55128 As for other countries of the Pacific region, climate change is of great concern to Papua New Guinea. We need no scientist to tell us of the negative impact of climate change. We live it and we suffer from it. Many of our islands, such as the Carterets, and coastal habitats like my own home area of the Murik Lakes are being gradually submerged by rising sea levels. The result is that people living in these areas are becoming environmental refugees. Lowland diseases such as malaria are now occurring in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. Unusual weather patterns, such as increased incidences of cyclones, frequent heavy flooding and mudslides, are causing havoc in our economies and exacting untold suffering on our people. All these attendant climate change challenges are taxing the budgetary resources of our countries and undermining our development plans. The international community has rightly recognized the insidious effects of climate change and agreed to take concerted action under the ambit of the Kyoto Protocol, the Bali Road Map and the Copenhagen Accord to address the issue. Papua New Guinea urges our developed partners to shoulder greater responsibility for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and for assisting developing countries, particularly small island States, to adapt to climate change and its effects. Resources for adaptation and mitigation measures, particularly those committed in Copenhagen, must be made more readily available to developing countries. We note the initiative announced by Japan last week during the MDG review and look forward to further details of what it constitutes. We also applaud the financial commitments and policy initiatives that China announced to assist developing countries to implement the Millennium Development Goals. As for Papua New Guinea, with our colleagues from the Coalition for Rainforest Nations, we have committed ourselves to a programme of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, more commonly known as REDD-plus. As this is the International Year of Biodiversity, let me say that the REDD-plus initiative will assure the protection of important biodiversity. In addition, at the national level Papua New Guinea has adopted an action plan for climate- compatible development and established the Office of Climate Change and Development explicitly to oversee our actions on climate change issues. As part of our strategy to reduce our carbon footprint, we are now aggressively seeking to develop more hydropower and geothermal sources for our energy requirements. We have also embarked on a major commercialization exercise of our gas reserves to deliver a cleaner energy alternative to the world. Many of us here have recognized the need to reform the United Nations in order to take account of the changed circumstances under which it operates, as well as the new and emerging challenges that it must address. We note and commend the Secretary-General for the ongoing administrative and institutional reforms he is undertaking to improve the efficiency of the United Nations in better serving Member States. We urge all stakeholders in the Security Council reform agenda to demonstrate courage and leadership so that the composition and workings of the Council can be reformed in ways that are equitable and reflect the current geopolitical and economic realities. Papua New Guinea has previously stated at this Assembly that we believe that the expansion of the membership of the Security Council is logical to allow for representation from certain developed and developing countries. In that regard, I wish to reaffirm Papua New Guinea’s support for Germany and Japan to be included as permanent members in an expanded Security Council. Finally, the inequities that exist in the global trading system today are daunting, but they can be resolved. With genuine partnership, we can and shall overcome them. The world may not be any safer today than it was when the United Nations was established some 65 years ago, but having been able to avert another world war is ample testimony that the international community has the political will to address tensions and discord in a measured way. The United Nations and the international legal architecture that it has achieved, developed and promoted have played a significant role in that regard, thus underscoring the continuing relevance of this body.