Let me begin by congratulating you, Sir, on your well-deserved election to preside over the sixty-fifth session of the General Assembly. I assure you of Tanzania’s full support and cooperation. I also thank and congratulate your predecessor, His Excellency Mr. Abdussalam Treki, for his leadership and accomplishments. Having just concluded a successful summit on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), I would like to congratulate the Secretary-General, His Excellency Mr. Ban Ki-moon, for his leadership, dedication and commitment to the work of the Organization and for the new momentum that he is bringing towards the achievement of the MDGs. Once again, we welcome his Global Strategy for Women’s and Children’s Health and urge the international community to render the necessary support for its implementation. We emphasize the importance of national leadership and global partnership in meeting the MDGs. Tanzania will do its part. We call on all partners to do their part, as stipulated under MDG 8. One such successful partnership is the collective efforts of the African leadership through the African Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA), chaired by His Excellency Mr. Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, President of the United Republic of Tanzania. Our focus within ALMA is on ensuring that we attain the 2010 targets for universal coverage of appropriate malaria prevention, diagnosis and treatment interventions. We are confident that, if the requested support is realized, we can attain that target. For that reason, we ask for the full and timely replenishment of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. We all know that the Millennium Development Goals will not be attained without sustained economic growth and sustainable development. For Tanzania, where the vast majority of the people depend on agriculture for their incomes and livelihoods, poverty cannot be alleviated without addressing the challenges of production, productivity and markets in the agricultural sector. Recognizing that, Tanzania has developed a programme known as Kilimo Kwanza, which translates as “Agriculture First”, aimed at transforming and modernizing the agricultural sector. A key component of the programme is the improvement of infrastructure, especially irrigation systems, transport and energy. However, the major challenge for us remains how to finance the huge investment gap in infrastructure. That gap cannot be filled by the public sector alone. For that reason, the participation of the private sector is imperative. Tanzania has undertaken a number of reforms to create an environment conducive to private sector investment. We have created the requisite legal, regulatory and institutional framework to attract both local and foreign private investment in infrastructure development. We now have a public-private partnership policy in place, and Parliament enacted a bill on such partnerships in June. Through a presidential circular, Tanzania also established the Tanzania National Business Council as an institution to provide a forum for public-private sector dialogue. The Business Council brings together public and private sectors with a view to reaching consensus and mutual understanding on strategic issues relating to the efficient management of resources in the promotion of socio-economic development in Tanzania. The Council’s Chairperson is the President of the United Republic of Tanzania. 10-55122 10 The Government of the United Republic of Tanzania would like to reaffirm its commitment to democratic good governance, the rule of law and respect for human rights. The recent peaceful referendum in Zanzibar produced a new political dispensation that provides for a Government of national unity whichever party wins the elections. That should now stabilize Zanzibar and strengthen the democratic ideals that we all aspire to as Tanzania prepares for its general elections, scheduled for 31 October. As in previous elections, we will do everything in our power to ensure that these are peaceful, free and fair. We thank all partners that, bilaterally or through the United Nations system, are strengthening our capacity to realize that goal. Tanzania is pleased that Africa has continued to play a leading role in conflict prevention, management and resolution, as well as in entrenching principles of good governance. Increasingly, more and more African countries are holding free, fair and peaceful elections, followed by smooth transitions. The peaceful referendum in Kenya that paved the way for a new Constitution demonstrates the will of African countries to take charge of their own destinies. That is a matter of great satisfaction to us, and we commend the people and leadership of Kenya for that important achievement. We thank and commend all who continue to work hard for a political solution to the situation in Darfur that will lead to durable peace and address the humanitarian situation. We are concerned about periodic eruptions of violence, and we call on all sides in Darfur to join the peace process. In the meantime, we commend the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) for the good work that it continues to do under very difficult conditions. We therefore urge the international community to give UNAMID all the support that it needs. We note the preparations and progress towards the holding of a referendum in Southern Sudan early next year. We call on all parties to do everything in their power to keep to the timetable for that referendum. The referendum must be peaceful, free and fair, and the wishes of the people of Southern Sudan must be respected. We commend the Secretary-General for his initiatives to facilitate that process, including his decision to appoint a panel of eminent persons, headed by His Excellency Mr. Benjamin Mkapa, the former President of the United Republic of Tanzania, to monitor the process. We pledge Tanzania’s full support to Mr. Mkapa and his team for the successful accomplishment of the task ahead of them. We urge all parties to cooperate with the team, and we call upon the international community to provide the requisite support for the successful holding of the referendum and the peaceful management of its outcome. Tanzania will continue to play its role in ensuring lasting peace and stability in Africa and elsewhere. That includes contributing to United Nations peacekeeping operations and missions in Africa and elsewhere, including those we have deployed in Darfur and Lebanon. We are concerned about the worsening political, humanitarian, social and security situation in Somalia, which threatens the whole region and, ultimately, the world. Recently, we witnessed terrorist bombings in Uganda by the group Al-Shabaab, which caused the loss of many innocent lives and the destruction of property. Having been victim to similar attacks in Dar es Salaam in 1998, Tanzania condemns that barbaric attack in the strongest terms and expresses solidarity with and support for Uganda and other neighbours in tracking down and prosecuting those involved. We highly commend Uganda and Burundi for contributing peacekeeping troops in Somalia under the African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM). We further thank all those African countries that have committed to providing additional troops to AMISOM. We ask the international community to provide the support needed to make that deployment possible and timely. However, the problem of Somalia cannot be left to Africans alone. In that regard, the Security Council must be more engaged and supportive in finding a lasting solution to Somalia. Tanzania is concerned about the continued increase in piracy activities in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, which are now spreading beyond the coast of Somalia. The piracy issue cannot be resolved on the seas alone or without addressing the causal factors on land. A coordinated, coherent, comprehensive and integrated response that includes political, military, financial and legal support is needed. The United Nations and the international community should work closely with the African Union, members of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development and other neighbouring States to 11 10-55122 suppress acts of piracy, as well as to apprehend and prosecute those who commit that crime. In the United Republic of Tanzania, we recently amended the criminal code to allow our courts to prosecute suspected pirates under universal jurisdiction. We call on the international community to enhance the prosecution and custodial capacities of countries, such as ours, that apprehend and prosecute pirates. The international community must also agree to share post-prosecution custodial responsibilities with the affected States. Tanzania has also offered to train 1,000 Somali soldiers in Tanzania in the firm belief that, in the final analysis, peace and security in Somalia lie in the hands of the Somalis themselves. Over the years, Tanzania has been a home for many refugees. The current stability in our neighbouring countries has enabled voluntary repatriation of many refugees, in addition to those who have been naturalized. As a result, the population of refugees in Tanzania declined from 1.2 million in 1994 to 108,426 by 31 July this year. This has enabled the closure of 12 refugee camps. Tanzania has also continued its tradition since independence of granting citizenship to refugees who have been in our country for many years. In April this year, we naturalized 162,254 refugees who entered the country in 1972. The Government is now in the process of integrating these naturalized persons into Tanzanian society. This, however, is a costly exercise. It is estimated that the naturalization and local integration programme will cost over $146 million. This is a huge burden to a poor country like Tanzania. We call upon the international community to support this integration programme under the principle of equitable responsibility and burden-sharing. We join others in welcoming the adoption of resolution 64/289 on system-wide coherence, which, among other things, established UN Women. It is our hope that UN Women will receive the required support from the international community and the entire United Nations system to deliver on its mandate. Tanzania congratulates Ms. Michelle Bachelet on her appointment to head UN Women and assures her of Tanzania’s unwavering support as she discharges her duties. Tanzania’s experience as a pilot country in the delivering as one reform initiative has convinced us that this, indeed, was a good decision and has strengthened national ownership and leadership. I am pleased that Tanzania will, in January 2011, be the first country to present a common country programme. Tanzania fully supports the priorities that you, Sir, have set for the sixty-fifth session of the General Assembly. Inclusive and democratic governance is as important at the national level as it is at the global level. It has, sadly, taken too long to give this issue the priority it deserves at all levels. We believe that the inclusive global governance agenda will ensure accountability and equitable participation in international trade and financial institutions, and open doors for fair and equitable participation of developing countries in the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Tanzania emphasizes and reaffirms the inclusiveness of the General Assembly as opposed to the Security Council. We thus call upon all Member States to press for the expeditious reform of the Security Council. Africa has the largest number of Member States. It cannot continue to be denied fair representation in that important organ of the United Nations. We urge all Member States to support Africa in its rightful pursuit of permanent representation on the Security Council. In this regard, Tanzania reiterates the decision of the African Union, as contained in the Ezulwini Consensus, which demands not less than two permanent seats with all the prerogatives and privileges of permanent membership, including the right of veto, as well as five non-permanent seats. On the issues of the Middle East and Western Sahara, let me reiterate what His Excellency President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete said during the sixth-fourth session of the General Assembly in 2009 (see A/64/PV.6). Tanzania supports a two-State solution whereby Israel and Palestine would live together side by side and at peace with each other. Tanzania strongly maintains that this is the best way to sustainable peace in the Middle East. Regarding Western Sahara, the President also called upon the Security Council to expedite the process of giving the people of Western Sahara the opportunity to decide their future status. This matter 10-55122 12 has dragged on since 1975 — in other words, for too long. The time has come to end the impasse. Let me conclude by once again reaffirming Tanzania’s belief and confidence in the United Nations as the Organization and forum for global governance and the pursuit of the letter and spirit of its Charter: a world free from wars and dehumanizing poverty; a world of sustainable economic and social progress, as well as freedom, human rights and justice for all. We reaffirm our commitment to doing our part in pursuit of that world.