Mr. President, first of all, please allow me to warmly congratulate you on your election as President of the fifty-sixth session of the United Nations General Assembly. I am confident that under your able guidance and with the close cooperation of all delegates, this session will be crowned with success. I would also like to take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to Mr. Holkeri for what he did as President of the last session of the General Assembly. A year ago, the United Nations convened the historic Millennium Summit. The United Nations Millennium Declaration issued by the Summit identifies the objectives for promoting world peace and development in the new century. International developments over the past year demonstrate that more and more countries have opted for increasing dialogue and cooperation, preserving world peace and seeking common development. To be sure, the cause of human progress still involves a long and arduous effort. Factors of uncertainty in the international situation are on the rise. More efforts should be made to democratize international relations, and there has been no marked change in the irrational international economic order. Terrorism is a widespread scourge that threatens world peace and stability. We strongly condemn the terrorist attacks on the United States on 11 September, and extend our deepest sympathy and condolences to the families of the innocent victims, as well as to the Government and the people of the United States. China has always opposed all forms of terrorism. No matter when, where or in what form terrorism strikes, and no matter whom it is directed against, it should be met with condemnation and responded to with counter- strikes by the international community, which should adopt a unified position on the matter. China has taken an active part in international cooperation against terrorism. In addition to joining most of the international conventions against terrorism, China has ratified the Shanghai Convention on Combating Terrorism, Separatism and Extremism, concluded by the member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. China is in favour of a primary role for the United Nations and the Security Council in the international effort against terrorism. China supports the relevant resolutions that have been adopted and is in favour of closer cooperation and coordination among the various countries concerned to this end. China strongly believes that any military action against terrorism should have a clearly defined target and avoid harming innocent people. All such actions should be consistent with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and other universally recognized norms of international law, and should serve the long-term interests of peace in the region and the world at large. China believes that terrorism is a tiny fringe of extreme evil, representing neither one particular ethnic group nor one particular religion. They must not, therefore, be lumped together. China, too, is threatened by terrorism. The “Eastern Turkestan” terrorist forces are trained, equipped and financed by international terrorist organizations. The fight against the “Eastern Turkestan” group is an important aspect of the international fight against terrorism. 19 In today’s world, the question of security is becoming increasingly multifaceted and globalized. Only enhanced international cooperation can help us effectively cope with global security challenges and bring about universal and lasting security. Countries should endeavour to foster a new security concept, based on mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and collaboration. They should seek security through mutual trust and pursue cooperation to their mutual benefit so as to effectively reduce factors of insecurity. The issue of arms control has always been closely interrelated with that of security. In the face of the new situation, we should go on working for the preservation of the existing legal regime for international arms control and disarmament and for the maintenance of global strategic stability, without jeopardizing the security of any country. Tackling regional hot spots is vital to regional and global security. We are following with deep concern the current developments in the Middle East. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict that broke out in September last year is continuing unabated. It poses a grave threat to the Middle East peace process and to regional stability. China supports the relevant United Nations resolutions and the principle of land for peace. It also supports the Palestinian people in their just struggle to regain their legitimate national rights and interests. We hope that the Israeli and Palestinian sides will take constructive measures and closely coordinate with the international community in its mediating efforts so as to create conditions for easing the tension and reactivating the peace process. China supports a greater role for the Security Council in this respect. We are concerned about the situation in South Asia. Given the current complex situation, we hope that the countries in the region will strengthen mutual understanding and mutual trust and coexist in peace and amity. As a neighbour of Afghanistan, we have been following the changing Afghan situation closely. We believe that, in order to find a solution to the Afghan issue, the following principles should be observed. First, the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Afghanistan should be ensured. Secondly, the Afghan people should be allowed to decide on a solution independently. Thirdly, the future government in Afghanistan should be broad-based and embody the interests of all ethnic groups in the country; Afghanistan should live in amity with all countries, particularly its neighbours. Fourthly, the solution should serve peace and stability in the region. Fifthly, the United Nations should play a more active role. Since the beginning of this year, the world economy has clearly slowed down, and the situation has been further aggravated by the incidents of 11 September. Developing countries are finding themselves in increasingly dire straits. The international community must act with a greater sense of urgency and accord higher priority to development. Developed countries should act more vigorously to promote development. They should adopt effective measures and make greater efforts to revitalize the global economy. We hope that the developed countries will demonstrate a broader vision and a cooperative spirit in providing assistance to developing countries. In recent years, anti-globalization activities in many parts of the world have increased. In fact, globalization is neither a panacea for development nor a monster causing disaster. The appropriate response to globalization should maximize its advantages and minimize its disadvantages so that all countries can come out winners and prosper side by side. Globalization should benefit all people from all social strata in all countries. The United Nations has an irreplaceable role to play in international cooperation in response to globalization. It should increase its input in development and work more effectively to fulfil the development objectives set forth in the United Nations Millennium Declaration. China is supportive of the World Trade Organization’s plans to launch a new round of multilateral trade talks. It is our hope that the new round will give full consideration to the concerns and interests of the developing countries. The Ninth Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders Meeting was held successfully in October in Shanghai, China. The meeting was convened at a critical moment, soon after the incidents of 11 September, when prospects for the global economy seemed grim. Focusing on the theme “Meeting new challenges in the new century: promoting common prosperity through participation and cooperation”, the leaders conducted an in-depth exchange of views and reached broad consensus. Having boosted intra-APEC cooperation among the 20 members and reinforced their resolve to restore economic growth, the meeting sent out a clear, positive signal to markets throughout the world and took a resolute step forward in advancing cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region. The meeting will have a positive and far-reaching impact on Asia-Pacific economic cooperation. President Jiang Zemin made clear to the world China’s future objectives, guiding principles and domestic and foreign policies in the important speech that he delivered on 1 July this year. The principal task for the Chinese people in the new century is to press ahead with the modernization programme, work towards the grand cause of national reunification, safeguard world peace and promote common development. Indeed, the purpose of China’s foreign policy is to safeguard world peace and promote common development. China needs an environment of friendship and good-neighbourliness and external conditions of stability and prosperity. To achieve, and safeguard, such an international environment serves China’s national interests. It is also China’s duty as a member of the international community. We believe that all civilizations and social systems in the world can, and should, exist side by side on a long-term basis, complementing one another and making progress together, in a spirit of seeking common ground while putting aside differences. We stand ready to engage in mutually beneficial cooperation with all countries in the world on an equal footing towards world peace and development, with the aim of achieving common development. Our entry into the World Trade Organization will usher in a completely new phase of our opening-up process. This year marks the thirtieth anniversary of the restoration of China’s lawful seat in the United Nations. Tremendous changes have since taken place in the world, in China and in the United Nations. China’s commitment to the Charter of the United Nations, however, remains unchanged. In the new century, China will, as always, vigorously support the work of the United Nations and continue to work together with other Member States for a better world.