Allow me to read the statement that was to be delivered by the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Mr. Ahmed Maher El Sayed, who, unfortunately, was unable to come to New York to participate in this important debate. “It gives me pleasure to express through you, Sir, to the friendly people of Korea, my most sincere congratulations on the confidence bestowed by the General Assembly upon President Han Seung-soo in his election as President of the current session. I would like to assure him of our full cooperation in ensuring the success of our work. With my personal knowledge of his abilities, experience and skills, I am fully confident that our efforts will be crowned with success through the activation of the Charter and the strengthening of its contribution to the building of a better world. “We gather here under extremely sensitive circumstances born from injustice and violence. We must face them resolutely and boldly so as not to allow the forces of evil to overcome our aspirations, which cause us to gather here every year. Among the circumstances which I would like to highlight here today is, first, the continued denial of the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people, including their right to the establishment of their independent State on the territories occupied since June 1967, including East Jerusalem. The second circumstance I wish to mention is the harrowing events that took place in the United States as a result of criminal terrorist acts that took a heavy toll in innocent lives. Thirdly, peoples continue to suffer from violence, poverty, underdevelopment and injustice. We are duty-bound to stand united against these phenomena, because the oppression of one people is the oppression of all peoples, the killing of one soul is the same as killing the entire world, a child who goes to bed hungry spells hunger for the whole world and the demolition of a single home condemns the whole of humanity to sleep in the wilderness, deprived of the shelter of legitimacy and law. “The events of 11 September in the United States were not the beginning of terrorism. We have been suffering from terrorism for many years. We stood alone in combating it and overcoming the obstacles placed by some, deliberately or unwittingly, in the path of our struggle, until it was vanquished. The tragic events of 11 September have brought the whole question into the sharp focus of international concern. This fact was reflected in a resolute international consensus to deal not only with the manifestations of terrorism but also with its root causes. “There is a consensus to address terrorism within the framework of international law, as represented by this great Organization, through the use of a whole range of actions. These include legislation, laws, security measures and the dissemination of enlightened thought. There must also be a constant search for justice, truth and development. For the battle against terrorism to be successful, it must extend to all aspects of life, including the political, economic, social, cultural and security aspects. “A search for the root causes is not a justification, rather, a diagnosis. A disease cannot be cured by dealing with the symptoms alone; there must, rather, be a thorough analysis and a thorough investigation of the germs that spew venom in human hearts, souls and bodies. Discovering the pathogen opens the path for effective treatment. “No germ is more lethal to the future of humanity than that of poverty. We look forward to the forthcoming United Nations International Conference on Financing for Development to be held in Mexico; we hope that it will result in a new international consensus on an international economic framework serving the interests of all States, developed and developing alike. We also hope that it will create a new spirit of constructive partnership among all members of the international community. This partnership should seek to eliminate the imbalances of globalization, to maximize the opportunity for all to benefit from it and to achieve prosperity and political and economic stability. “In this context, I would like to highlight the new initiative adopted by the African leaders at their recent summit in Lusaka to combat poverty and build a brighter future for the peoples of the continent — namely, the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). This initiative reflects a clear vision of the spirit of our times and a recognition by the peoples of Africa 38 of the reality that they bear the primary responsibility for determining their future and for eliminating the political, social and economic obstacles standing before them. We look forward to the international community providing the necessary backing and support for this constructive collective action in order to ensure a successful outcome to the efforts aimed at the development, stability and prosperity in Africa. “At the same time, it is important to prevent the spread of another disease: the so-called clash of civilizations and religions, which could undermine all of the progress made by humanity so far towards constructive interaction and coexistence. Therefore, we call for the convening of an international conference to lay the foundation for cooperation among all States against terrorism. The conference should define the obligations of States, from which there can be no deviation. It should chart the path towards the complete elimination of this scourge. It is anathema to the right of all peoples to live in an atmosphere of security, equality and justice that enables all to build the edifices of prosperity and progress. “We also call for a genuine dialogue among civilizations that would turn diversity into a constructive force for mutual enrichment and deep enlightenment. Such dialogue should allow us all to avoid surrendering to the forces of barbarism, which wish to fabricate a clash or a conflict where there is none. There is but one single, unified march towards a better world. Differences will not disappear in that better world; what will disappear are the rejection, humiliation and persecution of others on the grounds of religion, race or gender. “That is the true sense of globalization that we must uphold. It must be an expression of interdependence among the peoples and countries of the world and of the exchange of human and social experience and economic and technological potential. Globalization means dealing with the changing world in a spirit of understanding that does not attempt to impose or control — a spirit that does not claim absolute distinction or attempt to impose hegemony under any pretext. With this spirit, an all-encompassing democracy will emerge in international life. All States, big and small, will make their contribution to global advancement through their implementation of the principles adopted by the world after painful experience of war and disasters. “This leads me to address a worrisome phenomenon that has grown stronger since the tragic events of 11 September: the attempt to associate the charges of terrorism and backwardness with Islam and the resultant persecution of Arabs and Muslims. This attempt can spring only from ignorance and blind prejudice. Islam is a religion based on truth, justice and respect for human rights, particularly the right to life and to be free from poverty, ignorance and disease. In Islam, people have the duty to interact with others through fair means, understanding and mutual respect. “I commend those Governments, including the United States Government, that have taken measures to put an end to such heinous practices, which recall the dark ages. Nevertheless, we all need to do much more to reveal the truth and to dispel the darkness of ignorance and arrogance. All must know that human progress and knowledge are a river that has flowed ceaselessly since the dawn of history. Every civilization has been both a beneficiary and a tributary of the achievements of other cultures. The Arab Islamic, Christian and pharaonic civilizations have all made contributions that remain with us to this very day. Without those contributions, the world would not have been able to reach its current level of progress. Had it not been for those contributions, the backward forces of darkness would never have been reined in. “I stand before this Assembly at the end of the first year of the third millennium, fully 10 years after the Madrid Conference which reaffirmed the basis for a settlement in the Middle East, and yet the Arab-Israeli conflict and the question of Palestine at its core still await a just and comprehensive settlement. That is truly hard to believe. “It is most regrettable that the Syrian and Palestinian territories occupied in 1967 and parts of the territory of Lebanon continue to languish under the heavy yoke of Israeli occupation. That occupation continues to give rise to injustice, 39 destruction, frustration and anger. Israel continues to refuse to comply with the terms of international legitimacy. It continues to defy the will of the world. This unjust situation takes us directly back to the dark ages which the United Nations was established to end, and creates suffering and agony for a people whose only crime is to demand their rights. It also creates an unhealthy climate exploited by those who wish to fish in troubled waters in order to propagate darkness, misery, chaos and pain. “The international and regional situations, in addition to the humanitarian and legal requirements and interests of all peoples, can no longer tolerate the continued occupation, usurpation and settlement by Israel of the territories of others. They can no longer brook an army of hateful occupation using the most sophisticated and lethal weapons to brutalize unarmed civilians, demolish their homes and uproot their trees. All these actions are undertaken under a false pretext that disguises the fact that this army is only defending the occupation of the land of another people — the people of Palestine. “Similarly, the international situation can no longer bear the declaration by an occupying Power that it will not return the land it has seized and that, if it should return any, it will do so under unfair conditions. Equally untenable is its position that peace can only mean its hegemony and control in one form or another. The announcement by a Government of its official decision to resort to a policy of targeted killings is also unacceptable. “Like all nations and peoples, Israel must understand that the world has changed. It must realize that it is in its own interest to comply with the international will. The only guarantee for the security of Israel and of the whole region is for Israel to put an end to its occupation, policies and practices and to coexist with the peoples of the region on the basis of equality, understanding and respect for international legality and the resolutions of the United Nations. Security cannot be achieved with continued occupation. Peace is incompatible with the doctrines of hegemony and superiority. Free cooperation alone can ensure prosperity for all. “Sometimes I feel that, while the Arabs have accepted Israel’s existence among them, Israel has not yet accepted the existence of a Palestinian people in the land of their ancestors, with the right to live in a sovereign, independent State with Arab Jerusalem as its capital. No Arab, Muslim or Christian can abandon their holy sites in Jerusalem. Those sites are constantly threatened by attempts to desecrate or destroy them by Israeli extremists, with the support of those ostensibly less extreme. “A political settlement of the question of Palestine, the core of the Arab-Israeli conflict, requires the following. “First, Israel must demonstrate its clear will to abandon its continued occupation of Arab lands as an alleged means to maintain its security. Israel needs to understand that its position in the Middle East will not improve in any real sense until it evinces the resolve to return to the borders of 4 June 1967. “Secondly, Israel must realize that any peaceful settlement of the question of Palestine requires the return of East Jerusalem to Palestinian sovereignty. Failure to understand this fact will always be an obstacle to all peaceful efforts to establish peace in the Middle East. “Thirdly, any political or security arrangements for the settlement of the Palestinian question must lead to the establishment of a viable Palestinian State exercising sovereignty over its land, water and airspace. There must be a just settlement, based on United Nations resolutions and the norms of justice and legitimacy, of the oldest refugee problem in modern history, namely, that of Palestinian refugees. “Fourthly, Egypt does not accept a situation in which Israel remains the sole nuclear Power in the Middle East. The Middle East must be a zone free from weapons of mass destruction. The countries of the world, particularly the five nuclear-weapon States, must shoulder their responsibilities under international nuclear non- proliferation instruments. “When such conditions prevail and are supported forcefully and decisively by the 40 world’s nations — including the friends of Israel — because they are just and right, then the painful chapters of this long-lasting conflict can finally be closed. Only then will it be possible to raise new generations living in peace and tolerance instead of living in the frustration, violence and hatred that are born of illegal, unjust occupation. “I cannot fail to refer to the central and important role of the United States of America in assisting the parties to reach a final and just settlement. Egypt looks with satisfaction to the resumption of the active role of the United States. In this regard, Egypt also welcomes the role of the European Union, the Russian Federation and the indispensable role of the United Nations in the establishment of a just, lasting and comprehensive peace in our region. Egypt will continue to play its role in support of the brotherly Palestinian people and on the side of justice, right and legitimacy. “Our part of the world, located in the area from West Asia to the southern shores of the Mediterranean, requires peace in order to achieve the objective of social, economic and political development. To that end, a just settlement must be achieved quickly. Undoubtedly, the whole international community will support such a settlement, which will also require the presentation of a major and integrated economic programme that would provide the economic capabilities for unleashing the creative potential of the region, opening the door to constructive cooperation among all its peoples and nations, and helping it to overcome the tragedies it has lived through for more than a century. “Perhaps time does not allow us to address all the problems facing the world. Suffice it for me to reaffirm that Egypt will always eagerly continue its efforts to uphold the noble principles that the Charter of this great Organization enshrines in a manner that serves the purposes and principles of all peoples. We assure the Assembly that we will continue our effective participation and enhance our active contribution to any collective action that guarantees to the United Nations the capacities and tools it needs to enable it to undertake the great responsibilities with which we the Member States have charged it, as well as to confront the multiple challenges imposed by the changing nature of our world.”