At the outset I would like to express to Member States my deepest gratitude — that of the Government and people of Gabon — for the great honour and the confidence shown in Gabon and in Africa through the election of one of its sons to the lofty post of President of the fifty-ninth session of the General Assembly. We have long been familiar, Mr. President, with your diplomatic skills and your personal dedication to the cause of the United Nations system, and we have full confidence that you will successfully discharge your duties. I wish to reiterate to your predecessor my sincere congratulations on the work he accomplished during his mandate. To the Secretary-General, I wish to reaffirm my confidence and the support of my country in the pursuit of your action heading the United Nations. Four years ago, we unanimously adopted the Millennium Declaration (resolution 55/2). With renewed energy and will, we have undertaken to achieve a number of its goals by the year 2015: in particular, to reduce poverty and hunger, to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis, and to establish a global partnership for development. Achieving these goals will clearly require a strong political impetus on our part. That is why I hail the initiative of convening a United Nations summit dedicated, inter alia, to the implementation of the Millennium Goals, and scheduled for 2005 in New York. The major disparities which come to light daily between the rich and the poor countries evoke serious concern. We cannot reconcile ourselves to the despair which would result from failure. The African States, for their part, reject such an inevitability; they are becoming involved in the prevention and resolution of the conflicts undermining their continent, are settling into good governance and are making efforts to implement the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). At the same time, the international community, the Group of Eight countries and the specialized institutions of the United Nations system, including the Bretton Woods institutions, have a moral obligation to translate into concrete action their commitments to support Africa’s development. That development naturally hinges on the maintenance of international peace and security throughout the African continent. Our determination in that respect is unequivocal. Such is the case in Côte d’Ivoire, where the peace process was relaunched at the Accra summit in July 2004. The same holds true for the decision of the African Union to play an active role in the resolution of the crises in Darfur, Burundi, Liberia, Sierra Leone and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The support provided by the United Nations in those countries and the role played by the Secretary-General, Mr. Kofi Annan, must be commended. Moreover, we welcome the prospects for a more effective contribution by the United Nations in the process of the reconstruction of Iraq and support for the political transition under way there. It is indeed vital for regional stability and for peace that Iraq once again become a normally functioning State with stable institutions. In the lengthy conflict between the State of Israel ad the Palestinian people, the restoration of lasting peace will be possible only at the negotiating table. It also depends on the reactivation of the road map. In this case, as in many others, such as the war on international terrorism, United Nations action must be more effective. The decisions of the Security Council will then be decisive in the settlement of such conflicts. Given the numerous crisis situations throughout the world, the role of the Security Council in the maintenance of international peace and security has continued to grow. Its field of action, in terms of its decisions, has gradually expanded, and the human, material and financial resources required for their implementation have increased. To cope with these situations, a significant number of States must participate in its action. That requires an expansion of the membership of the Security Council, in both categories — permanent and non-permanent. 16 Need I recall that in 1977, from this very rostrum, I drew the Organization’s attention to the need to provide a seat for Africa in the Security Council. It is indeed paradoxical that Africa is still not counted among the permanent members, even though the bulk of the Council’s decisions directly involve Africa. We therefore must adapt the Security Council to the changing realities of our world. Its reform must be given high priority at this session. Beyond that, our efforts at reform must have as their ultimate objective the strengthening of the action of the entire United Nations system in the areas identified during the Millennium Summit in 2000. Striving to achieve these shared goals, Africa is increasingly shouldering its share of responsibility. Shared and intensive solidarity on the part of countries with greater resources is more than ever required. What is at stake today is the survival of millions of individuals throughout the world. Poverty — one of the root causes of political, economic and social instability, which are sources of armed conflict — must be eradicated. Therefore, we must implement, here and now, the commitment we have undertaken to change the course of our shared history. Let us together nurture the hope of a better destiny — the hope that we can think and act in a different manner, in order to provide present and future generations with genuine reasons for hope.