To all the peoples represented here, I convey the brotherly greetings of France. Mr. Secretary-General, you have an enormous responsibility, and you have the trust of France. This is the first time that I address this Assembly on behalf of France. It is a solemn and moving moment for me. I cannot help thinking of all of those men and women who, at one of the most tragic moments in the history of humanity, as the world stood on the brink of barbarity, finding that prospect intolerable, succeeded in countering force and violence and barbarity with justice and peace. Thus was the United Nations born. The United Nations is not a mere political construct. It is not a mere legal construct. It is an awakening of the human conscience against everything that threatens to destroy humanity. I have never believed that the United Nations could one day root out the violence that lies within human beings. But what I do know deep down inside me, what we all know deep down, is that in spite of all its failures, without the United Nations it would have been impossible to put an end to conflicts that seemed to be insoluble. Remember the genocide of the Cambodian people, remember the suffering inflicted upon them; remember the independence of Namibia; remember the independence of Timor. Look at the Great Lakes region, or West Africa. Without the United Nations, the world might have experienced a third world war, doubtless even more terrible than the two previous ones. France is convinced that the United Nations is the only remedy we have for the blindness and folly that sometimes take hold of human beings. The message I wish to bring to you in the name of France is a simple one: in this world where the fate of each of us depends on the fate of others, the United Nations should not be weakened; the United Nations must be strengthened. Reforming the United Nations so as to adapt it to the realities of our world is an absolute priority for France. We cannot afford to wait any longer. The world’s problems must be addressed and resolved globally. No one on this Earth can alone protect themselves from the consequences of climate warming, the clash of civilizations, major epidemics. Against selfishness, against fanaticism, against hatred, it is our duty to renew that appeal to the universal conscience by virtue of which, for the first time in the history of all the peoples of the world, all nations agreed to meet within a common forum in order to set aside what divides us and talk to one another. This appeal to the universal conscience is an appeal for peace. It is an appeal for open-mindedness. It is an appeal for diversity. And it is an appeal for justice. France has always sought greatness for the sake of men and women, not for its own sake. Like all nations, France, in the course of its long history, has made mistakes, and has sometimes been at fault. But its people, the people of France, have always chosen to be on the side of freedom and democracy. France is loyal to its friends and to the values it shares with them. But this loyalty is not submission. This loyalty is not a shackle. And France intends to draw on that loyalty in the cause of openness to others, of openness to the world. I want the world to know that France is willing to talk to everybody in the world, in every continent. But I would also like to say that openness is not renunciation. Understanding is not weakness. Weakness and renunciation are not factors of peace; they are factors of war. France and Europe in the past experienced the tragic consequences of such an attitude for themselves and for the whole world. When you are weak and submissive, you get ready to accept war. We all have a duty to ensure that that never happens again. There will be no peace in the world if the international community compromises with the right of peoples to self-determination and if it compromises with human rights. There will be no peace in the world unless the international community is unshakeable in its determination to fight terrorism. There will be no peace in the world unless the international community stands united in its resolve to put an end to the wars in the Middle East, to put an end to the horror in Darfur, to the tragedy of Lebanon or to the humanitarian disaster in Somalia. And I weigh my words carefully. There will be no peace in the world if the international community falters in the face of the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Iran is entitled to nuclear power for civilian purposes. But if we allow Iran to acquire nuclear weapons, there would be an unacceptable risk to stability in the region and in the world. I want to say here, in the name of France, that we can only resolve this crisis by combining firmness with dialogue. It is in that spirit that France will act. I want to say here, in the name of France, that it is the duty of the international community to confront those who seek power and constantly threaten the fragile balance of peace and to do so by bringing to bear its unwavering unity and its determination to uphold the law. I want to say, in the name of France, that there will be no peace in the world without respect for diversity, without respect for national identities, without respect, I venture to say, for religions and beliefs, or without respect for cultures. Attachment to one’s faith, to one’s identity, to one’s language and culture, and to one’s way of life, thought and belief all that is legitimate, and profoundly human. To deny that is to sow the seeds of humiliation. It would stoke the fires of nationalism, fanaticism and terrorism. We will not avert the clash of civilizations by forcing everyone to think and to believe the same things. France intends to pursue, together with all people of goodwill, this battle to build a new world order of the twenty-first century. We want a Lebanon living independently, and we say that France will always stand shoulder to shoulder with Lebanon in its desire for independence. Tomorrow we hope that Israelis and Palestinians will find within themselves the strength to live in peace. Peace is possible. It is possible now. And we will devote all of our energies to that. We want to see the peaceful coexistence of the main religions to vanquish fundamentalism and fanaticism. But I want to say, with all due gravity, that there is too much injustice in the world for the world to hope to live in peace. The founding fathers of the United Nations knew that the world’s future could be read in the eyes of a tortured child; a hungry child; children who watch their parents being humiliated; children who since birth have known nothing but war; children torn from their homes, their lands, their families. Because in those children’s desperate eyes there is not only suffering, but also all the wars and revolts that will drench the world in blood tomorrow. Let us look at the world as it is. Let us look at what we have made of it. Have we wanted enough to make it more just? The answer is no. Have we done enough to achieve that end? The answer is no. When the Berlin wall fell, we all dreamed that history would cease to be tragic. Let us look at our world as it is so that we can make it better. Let us judge our world by the yardstick of justice. Justice means that the Palestinian people can regain a country and build a State. Justice means that the Israeli people can enjoy the right to live in security. Justice means that the Lebanese people can regain their freedom. Justice means that the Iraqi people, in all their diversity, can find within themselves the path to reconciliation and democracy. Justice means that a developing country on which we wish to impose environmental rules, even though its inhabitants have barely enough to eat, can be helped to put such rules in place. Justice means that we cannot tap a country’s resources without paying a fair price for them. Let us look squarely at our world. Never before has there been so much easy money, with so much wealth concentrated in the hands of a few large groups. Throughout the world, even in the richest countries, there are many men and women who no longer have even a hope of emerging some day from their material and moral distress. In conclusion, I appeal to the conscience of all those who have a responsibility for the conduct of world affairs. Because if we do nothing, the poor and the exploited will one day rise up against the injustice done to them. What the world needs is a new mindset: a genuine New Deal on a global scale, an ecological and economic New Deal. On behalf of France, I call on all States to join together to found the new world order of the twenty-first century, predicated on the key idea that the common goods of humanity must be the responsibility of all of humanity. On behalf of France, I solemnly appeal to the United Nations to provide itself, in this era marked by the return of scarcity, with the means to guarantee that all people throughout the world have access to vital resources: water, energy, food, medicine and knowledge. I solemnly appeal to the United Nations to concern itself with the issue of fairer distribution of wealth and of the income derived from commodities and technology. I solemnly appeal to the United Nations to concern itself with the moralization of financial capitalism. I solemnly appeal to the United Nations to go further in combating corruption, which saps countries that are suffering and all too poor. Things must change. Mindsets must change. Behaviour must change. This is our responsibility now, because tomorrow it will be too late. If we fail to act, we will see a resurgence of all the threats that the people of the post-war world believed they had overcome. Let us not take this risk lightly. Peoples of the world, we can, together, build a better future for all people. It is up to us alone; it is up to our capacity to remain faithful to the values that have brought us together here today. You have understood. France believes that we have no more time to wait. France calls for action. France urges action. France is committed to action in the service of world peace.