Today has a very special meaning for us: twenty-nine years ago, under the blessings of this body, Tuvalu was granted its independence. I am honoured, therefore, to speak on behalf of the people and Government of Tuvalu and to convey to this session of the United Nations General Assembly our warmest greetings. At the outset, Tuvalu wishes to associate itself with previous speakers in congratulating Mr. Kerim in his election as President of the General Assembly at its sixty-second session. We also wish to take this opportunity to welcome and congratulate the Secretary- General, Ban Ki-moon, on his appointment as head of the United Nations. As we celebrate our twenty-ninth anniversary of independence, let me convey our most sincere thanks and gratitude to the international community, especially to our traditional development partners, close friends and international and regional organizations for their support and cooperation over the past years. We are confident that such gestures of understanding, friendship and cooperation will continue in the years ahead. Our endeavours to achieve excellence have been guided by the United Nations principles of good governance, respect for the rule of law and for human rights, democracy and self- determination. Our future survival as a nation is founded on these basic ideals of the United Nations. Tuvalu welcomes the key priority issues of climate change, financing for development, achieving the Millennium Development Goals, countering terrorism, and the United Nations reform agenda, which the President has clearly identified and highlighted in his opening address at the sixty-second session. We would like, however, to focus on five main issues: the United Nations reforms, the United Nations presence in Pacific small island developing States, the question of Taiwan’s membership in the United Nations and its agencies, criteria for least developed countries graduation, and responding to climate change. On the United Nations reforms, we acknowledge with sincerity the tremendous efforts that the Organization has made in fulfilling its purpose, based on its noble pillars of development: peace and security and human rights, as enshrined under its Charter. Through such efforts, the United Nations has reached out to many countries of the world in providing the required services for those who need them most. However, these efforts always encounter many challenges that can be resolved only if the United Nations membership and all its subsidiary bodies commit to work together in harmony and with respect for each other. The need for the United Nations to ensure efficiency, effectiveness and transparency in carrying out its mandates and all its related programmes cannot be overemphasized. In this connection, Tuvalu welcomes and supports the ongoing work on United Nations reform. In particular, Tuvalu supports the Secretary-General’s report in response to the recommendations of the High-level Panel on United Nations System-wide Coherence and agrees that the United Nations system must be more results-oriented, efficient and accountable. Tuvalu fully supports the ongoing reform work of the United Nations that promotes country-driven programmes. However, we are very disappointed with the unjustifiably slow progress in establishing the United Nations presence in the remaining Pacific small island developing States that do not have United Nations offices. As a full Member of the United Nations, we feel that Tuvalu and other small island developing States from the Pacific each deserve to have a United Nations office established in-country, which will be instrumental in the coordination and implementation of United Nations projects and programmes on the ground. Our isolation and geographical fragmentation in itself is justification for establishing a joint United Nations office in Tuvalu. We appeal to the United Nations for the earliest implementation of this long overdue commitment. Tuvalu highly commends the momentum of the work on the reform of the Security Council, especially the excellent work done by the Open-ended Working Group on the Question of Equitable Representation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council and Other Matters Related to the Security Council. Tuvalu warmly welcomes the next step of submitting the issue for further intergovernmental negotiations as a way forward. Tuvalu further supports the draft resolution tabled by India for the same purpose in addressing this very important task. However, we are very disturbed with the continuance of finger-pointing and undiplomatic language being directed at small island developing States for their contributions to the Security Council reform process. As a small peace-loving nation and a full Member of the United Nations, Tuvalu has the sovereign right to support any issue that will benefit the achievement of the United Nations goals. We strongly believe that open dialogue and working together in mutual understanding under the framework of the United Nations is the only way to reach our shared destiny in diversity and to respect one another. Tuvalu firmly believes that the paramount mission of the United Nations must remain the maintenance of peace and security while ensuring the universal participation of all nations of the world, as clearly articulated in the Preamble to the United Nations Charter. However, the United Nations cannot be said to be universal nor can global peace and security be assured until the issue of Taiwan’s membership and participation in the United Nations is properly resolved. It is disappointing to note that this body does not even want to at least put Taiwan’s membership application on its agenda for proper consideration. Let me reaffirm Tuvalu’s strong support for Taiwan’s membership application to the United Nations. We feel that this issue is long overdue and needs to be considered more seriously and purely on its own merits. Taiwan has shown international responsibility and has helped many countries in the world including my own country, Tuvalu with development assistance. It is our strong opinion that Taiwan is a country with a clearly defined territory and an established democratic system of government and is a responsible international player in world trade, development and diplomatic relations. The rights and self-determination of the Taiwanese people to join the United Nations should be urgently addressed. Taiwan has all of the capabilities needed to fulfil its obligations as a peace-loving State and become a full Member of the United Nations as required under the Charter of the United Nations. Despite all this, it is sad to note that the United Nations has continued to turn a blind eye to the wishes and needs of the people of Taiwan, who simply want to be part of the international family and participate actively in the attainment of the noble pillars of development, security and human rights. More sadly, the action taken by the Secretary-General of the United Nations in not complying with the requirements of the Charter of the United Nations and the rules of procedure of the Security Council is disappointing. Tuvalu further appeals for the proper and urgent consideration of Taiwan’s membership application to the United Nations. The issue of graduating from the least developed countries (LDC) category has caused great anxiety for Tuvalu. As recognized in the Mauritius strategy for small island developing States, it is most alarming that all the potential candidates for graduation from the LDC list are Pacific small island developing States, despite our special disadvantages and environmental vulnerabilities. We appeal to this Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and our development partners to carefully reconsider the criteria for LDC graduation and their application, taking into account the special disadvantages of small island developing States. The President’s leadership in choosing “Responding to Climate Change” as the theme of this session is highly commendable. Likewise, Tuvalu applauds the leadership of the Secretary-General on climate change. We are pleased that world leaders at the High-level Event on Climate Change have agreed on the urgency of addressing climate change in a comprehensive way. We believe we are now ready to make a historic agreement in Bali to start negotiations on a new climate change agreement. As the Prime Minister of Tuvalu, Mr. Apisai Ielemia, clearly stated in the June issue of the United Nations Chronicle magazine, “If there is one issue that strikes at the heart of my nation, Tuvalu, it is climate change.” Climate change is undoubtedly an issue of extreme importance to a small, atoll nation like Tuvalu. The recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change highlights the extreme vulnerability of island countries like Tuvalu to the impacts of climate change and the urgent necessity for global action to address this vulnerability. In this context the coming session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Bali will be very important. In our view, the Conference in Bali should have the following components: First, it should reconfirm the important role of the Kyoto Protocol and encourage parties to the Protocol to pledge new and substantial emissions reductions and encourage others to become a party to it. Secondly, we should agree to amend the Kyoto Protocol so that we open the door for newly industrialized countries, countries with economies in transition and any other interested countries, including developing countries, to take on commitments to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. Thirdly, we must commit to a new global framework on adaptation to the impacts of climate change. For highly vulnerable countries like Tuvalu this is an essential step in the process. Lastly, we must agree on a new negotiation process under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that will establish a new legal agreement to allow developing countries to make voluntary commitments to reduce their emissions. Under this agreement we envisage that developing countries will be able to make voluntary commitments to reduce emissions from the energy, transport and forestry sectors. These commitments would be linked to appropriate incentive mechanisms. In the context of reducing emissions from deforestation we believe that any agreed measures must bring about real reductions in global emissions. Actions to reduce emissions from deforestation should not undermine or devalue efforts to reduce emissions from other sectors. Furthermore, these actions should not infringe upon the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities. The causes of deforestation are complex, particularly as there are serious governance issues to resolve. Let us make sure to get a durable solution to this issue that will achieve a lasting climate change outcome. There are a number of elements that we think are essential in a new global framework on adaptation. We elaborated some of these during the High-Level Event on Climate Change. Let me highlight two: First, we must establish a whole new source of funding for adaptation and a new approach on how adaptation funding is managed. A potential new source of funding for adaptation could come from a tax levied on international aviation and maritime transport. Secondly, we must establish a global insurance facility to help assist vulnerable countries recover from the impacts of climate change. We must seize the opportunity at Bali. We must set ourselves a short timeframe to create a new legally binding agreement on climate change. This should not undermine the Kyoto Protocol but should build on its strengths. Those countries that have turned their backs on the Kyoto Protocol must now take part in the global effort and commit to reducing their emissions within a tight timeframe. Once this is done, then we will see the rest of the world move forward, for it is crucial that all countries must make an effort to reduce their emissions. We must not waste the opportunity at Bali. In conclusion, my Government encourages all countries to support the reform agenda for the United Nations including the serious consideration of self- determination and the universal participation of all nations. We strongly encourage all Governments to use the next climate change Conference of the Parties in Bali to be a starting point for new negotiations on climate change. The future of Tuvalu and lives of many others like us is at stake.