Let me first of all say that I am happy to see the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, represented by Ambassador Kerim, presiding over the General Assembly at its sixty-second session. My country extends to him wishes for the greatest success in accomplishing his mission. We would like to assure him of our full cooperation. Please also allow me to pay tribute to Ms. Haya Rashed Al-Khalifa of the Kingdom of Bahrain for the skill with which she conducted the work of the sixty-first session. I would also like to welcome the presence among us of Mr. Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations. I congratulate him on his accession to this post of the highest prestige in our Organization. The vast experience and the qualities of a diplomat that he is known for are a guarantee of success in this lofty function. I am convinced that he will be able to work for the benefit of our Organization in continuing the efforts of his predecessor, Mr. Kofi Annan, to whom I would like once again to pay tribute. The general debate in this Assembly is a special moment in international life. Indeed, it is an opportunity every year for heads of Member States to take stock of the world’s affairs, to exchange views in this regard and to reflect the aspirations of their nations. The sixty-second session of the General Assembly opens this year again in a rather troubled international context. At the dawn of the twenty-first century, the challenges facing humanity are more pressing and more complex with each passing day, giving rise alternatively to hope and fears. The first of these challenges to which I would like to refer here today has to do with peace and security. International events today highlight even more than before the paramount need to breathe new life into efforts for disarmament and non-proliferation. Nuclear proliferation is a threat, not only to international peace and security but also to the very survival of humankind. Attempts by terrorist organizations to acquire weapons of mass destruction are also indicative of the reality of this threat. Terrorism, indeed, is a particularly great danger to the international community, a threat that we can only face through concerted and resolute global action. It is because of this conviction that Cameroon has in the past year contributed to the adoption by the General Assembly of the Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy. Once again, I would like to salute this historic accomplishment. For the first time, Member States have decided to take up concrete political, operational and legal measures to coordinate their fight against terrorism. They have committed themselves to strengthening their capacity to react, as well as the capability of the United Nations in this regard. They have agreed to address situations that could lead to the extension of this scourge. Today, the problem is to apply this fundamental text, both in letter and spirit. My country would like to reaffirm its availability and its determination in terms of taking on commitments in this work. In many regions around the world, peace and security continue to be seriously threatened. For years now, the unrest in the Middle East has been a serious threat to international peace and security. The evolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict causes deep concern. It is paramount that Israel and the Palestinian Authority resume a constructive dialogue. That is the only way, in the opinion of my country, to move forward toward a settlement. Cameroon is convinced that only the efforts of all concerned parties, supported by the Great Powers and based on the principle of two States Israel and Palestine coexisting in peace and security, will make it possible to reach a definitive, fair and just settlement to this conflict. In Lebanon, as in Iraq, reconciliation among the various communities of these countries is the only hope for a sustainable stability. In Africa, in spite of initiatives undertaken by the international community, there remain a number of hotbeds of tension. Please allow me to highlight some of these. The crisis in Côte d’Ivoire seems to be reaching a turning point. We are convinced that, with the firm and sincere commitment of all parties and the support of the international community, this fraternal country will have definitively turned a particularly painful page in its history. The people of Côte d’Ivoire, we are sure, will be able to persevere in their choice of peace and national reconciliation. It is extremely important that they work together in good faith for a full and rapid implementation of the Ouagadougou peace agreement. The situation in Somalia continues to threaten peace and security in the region. Cameroon is deeply concerned by acts of violence in Somalia. We would like to congratulate the mission of the African Union for the support that it has extended to the Transitional Federal Institutions. We are sure that the speedy deployment of the envisaged United Nations force will definitely have a positive effect on the stability in that country and on the security of the population. The human toll of the Darfur crisis causes profound concern. It seems to us of paramount importance that all efforts be undertaken to break the tragic cycle of violence in that region. The effects of the crisis have already been deeply felt by neighbouring States and threaten to extend further. It should be understood that Cameroon welcomes the announcement of the deployment of the hybrid United Nations-African Union peacekeeping operation in Darfur. I am convinced that this operation will make it possible to stabilize the situation in the area and save innocent lives. My country welcomes the fact that the Government of Sudan has unconditionally accepted the deployment of this mission. In our opinion, this is a decisive stage in the resolution of the crisis. At the same time, Cameroon believes it is very important to continue efforts to address the causes of the conflict, by relaunching the political process and by implementing a real programme of development in the region, specifically by ensuring access to water resources. Cameroon follows with close attention the developments in the situation in Chad and the Central African Republic. Those fraternal countries with which we have long common borders have, for a number of years, been facing instability fomented by various insurgent groups. That situation poses a serious threat to peace and stability in those countries and to the security and well-being of their populations and triggers a true humanitarian tragedy in the region. It also causes cross-border insecurity that affects other countries in the region, including Cameroon. For that reason, my country resolutely supports the upcoming deployment of a multidimensional presence of the United Nations and the European Union on the borders of Chad, the Central African Republic and the Sudan. I wish to reiterate from this rostrum that my country is ready to cooperate fully with the United Nations in the implementation of that operation. With regard to the Democratic Republic of the Congo we welcome the progress accomplished towards peace in terms of establishing democratic institutions in that country. The situation in the eastern part of the country continues to be a source of concern to the international community. It seems to us that seeking a solution to the crisis of the two Kivus should be based first and foremost on political and diplomatic methods corresponding to the problem at hand. The challenges we must face in terms of peace and security are considerable. However, they must not eclipse in our minds the equally significant challenges confronting us in other areas. It seems crucial to me that every necessary effort be exerted to reach the Millennium Development Goals. This year we are reaching the midpoint of the timetable we have established for ourselves in that regard. It is very important that States live up to the commitments made, to the extent possible. The reduction in official development assistance in 2006 underlines the need for donors to try to increase the level of their aid so that the goals set for 2010 and 2015 may be reached. Furthermore, I wish again to state the hope that the negotiations of the Doha Round are completed on schedule and ensure that the interests of the countries of the South are protected and that the globalization of trade retains its significance. I cannot remain silent about the terrible experience of thousands of young people from Africa who, for a number of years now, have set forth at risk to their lives in their attempts to reach Europe in their eyes the new promised land. That migration keeps increasing and is of course attributable to the difference in the level of development between the North and the South. In that regard, the countries of origin, the countries of transit and the receiving countries must intervene to seek humane solutions that take into account the underlying causes of that phenomenon. It is indeed clear that neither controls nor repatriation will offer an adequate or sustainable response to the problem. The issue of climate change is becoming one of the most important and most urgent issues of our time, as has been recognized by all, and it is urgent that we act. The destinies of future generations depend on that. In that context I wish to congratulate the Secretary- General for his initiative in convening the High-level Event on Climate Change, which has just been concluded here. The holding of negotiations in December 2007 in Bali, Indonesia, on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and on the post-Kyoto regime should also be a focus of our attention. Furthermore, we welcome the intention of the Tunisian Government to organize from 18 to 20 November 2007, an international conference on the effects of climate change and strategies for adaptation on the African continent and in the Mediterranean region. In that domain we should try to reach a global agreement that would be part of the United Nations Framework Convention process and which would tackle the matter of climate change in all its aspects. The challenges we have just discussed can only be taken up on a global scale. The United Nations should be at the forefront of that struggle and for that purpose needs the active cooperation of all its Members, particularly the great Powers. But it should also constantly adapt itself to the changing realities of our time so as to be in a position to efficiently fulfil its mission. Accordingly, Cameroon attaches the greatest importance to the reform of the United Nations. It supports a progressive, gradual reform of the current United Nations system which would take into account the changing balances in the world in recent years and the emergence of many new States. It is our intention to continue to cooperate with other Member States for a renewed United Nations, a model of modern and effective governance, in its participation in world affairs.