Kuwait congratulates Mr. Srgjan Kerim upon his election to the presidency of the General Assembly at its sixty-second session, and recalls with appreciation the efforts of his predecessor, Her Excellency Sheikha Haya Rashed Al-Khalifa, and her successful conduct of the work of the sixty-first session. Despite the fact that two years have elapsed since the 2005 World Summit and seven years since the Millennium Summit, we continue to confront challenges and dangers to international peace and security, such as terrorism, poverty, hunger, the spread of dangerous infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS and malaria, deterioration of the environment and violations of human rights. Recent times have seen a number of outstanding achievements, most important among them the establishment of the Peacebuilding Commission, the Human Rights Council, the Central Emergency Response Fund and the United Nations Democracy Fund, and the introduction of administrative and financial reforms of the work of the Secretariat. These were all necessary achievements, but they are not enough to combat terrorism, eliminate weapons of mass destruction, affect climate change and achieve sustainable development in the developing countries, including the least developed among them. Moreover, the revival of racial bias, religious sedition, incitement of hatred and xenophobia represent a serious threat to international peace and security. The Organization must be strong in confronting that threat seriously and firmly. The time has come for us to change our method and approach in dealing with these universal challenges and dangers and to move from the phase of determining what should be done to the phase of actual work and the faithful fulfilment of the commitments we have taken upon ourselves at international conferences and in international agreements and conventions that we have signed and ratified. The State of Kuwait has made good progress in translating the commitments and resolutions of the 2005 World Summit into tangible realities. It has also attained the Millennium Development Goals, particularly in the fields of education, health and advancing the role of women in society. It has designed policies capable of uplifting society and achieving further progress and social and economic development, as well as raising the standard of living of individuals. Such policies contribute to efforts to consolidate the principles of tolerance, moderation and the rejection of fanaticism. Based upon the State of Kuwait’s absolute belief in the human values of supporting the downtrodden and helping the needy, my country has, since its independence, implemented a generous aid programme for developing countries. In 1961, it established the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development, which has financed hundreds of infrastructure projects in more than 100 countries. The value of those projects exceeds $12 billion. The State of Kuwait is also committed to providing annual voluntary contributions to numerous international specialized agencies and organizations, as well as to regional organizations and funds that assist developing countries in achieving their development goals. Recently, the State of Kuwait allocated $300 million to the Islamic Development Bank for the elimination of poverty in Africa. That is in addition to what we contribute in humanitarian and relief aid to many countries ravaged by natural disasters. It is regrettable that poverty, hunger and disease persist in developing countries. It is even more painful to see that more than half of the world’s population is living on less than $2 per day a matter that requires serious examination and a real review of the impediments to development in developing countries. In that connection, the State of Kuwait calls upon the World Trade Organization and the Bretton Woods institutions to ease the restrictions imposed on exports from developing countries and to propose a more just and equitable trading system for least developed and poorest countries. Kuwait is following with concern the developments in the situation in Iraq. We welcome the improvements in security conditions in some areas and provinces of Iraq, as a result of the implementation of relevant arrangements and a security enforcement plan carried out by the international forces in Iraq with the participation of Iraqi security forces. But there is still a dire need to redouble efforts at all levels, particularly on the political track, in order to address the security challenges posed by terrorist operations that target civilians, houses of worship and State institutions and that cost the lives of scores of innocent people daily. It is our hope that the Iraqi Government’s efforts to achieve national reconciliation will be successful and produce positive results that can lead to a comprehensive national consensus in Iraq that takes into consideration the concerns and the rights of all sectors of the Iraqi people. National reconciliation is the only way to build a democratic, free, secure and independent Iraq that is at peace with itself and its neighbours and that respects its international obligations and commitments. In that context, we welcome the adoption of Security Council resolution 1770 (2007), which consolidated the duties and the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq. We look forward to the international community playing its vital role in helping Iraq to fulfil its political and economic obligations within the context of the International Compact with Iraq. With regard to the issue of the three occupied Emirati islands, Kuwait would like to reaffirm its support for the position of the Gulf Cooperation Council on this issue. We hope that efforts and contacts at all levels will intensify between the sisterly United Arab Emirates and the friendly Islamic Republic of Iran in order to find a solution to this dispute consistent with the principles and rules of international law and good-neighbourly relations, thereby contributing to strengthening the security and stability of the region. The Middle East crisis has been stagnant since the middle of the past century. The plight of the Palestinian people continues: their rights are violated, their lands are occupied and Security Council resolutions are frozen despite intensive international and regional efforts to revive the Middle East peace process. The Israeli Government, instead of putting confidence-building measures in place, continues to create obstacles that serve to increase tensions and violence and that hinder the establishment of a climate conducive to moving the peace process ahead. Do continuing settlement activities help to achieve peace more quickly? Do the policies of detention, land confiscation, curfews, closures and restrictions of movement promote an environment of trust and stability? The answer is definitely no. Who could think that this conflict is subject to the principles of a zero- sum game? Anyone who thinks that Israel will achieve security for itself at the expense of the security of the Palestinian people is making a serious mistake. Security must be for everyone. There will be no security except through the implementation of resolutions of international legitimacy. The State of Kuwait therefore reiterates its support for the convening of an international conference with the participation of all the parties concerned in the peace process. That meeting should follow the terms of reference of the Madrid Conference including the provisions of Security Council resolutions 242 (1967) and 338 (1973) the principle of land for peace, the Road Map endorsed by the Security Council in its resolution 1515 (2003) and the Arab Peace Initiative. The comprehensive, just and lasting peace that the international community seeks to achieve must ensure that the Palestinian people attain all their legitimate political rights. That includes the establishment of their own independent State on their own land, with Jerusalem as its capital. It must also include Israel’s withdrawal from all the Arab land occupied since 1967, including the Syrian Golan Heights. Turning to Lebanon, we congratulate the Lebanese Government on its success in putting a decisive end to the Nahr Al-Bared sedition. We would also like to express our gratitude to the Lebanese army, which dealt with that sedition ably and firmly. We hope that that accomplishment will contribute to the return of all Lebanese parties to the negotiating table and the resumption of a Lebanese national dialogue to address the issue of presidential entitlement and the political process, in accordance with the constitution. While we commend the regional and international efforts to achieve national reconciliation among all Lebanese parties, we condemn the political assassinations and the recurrent terrorist bombings aimed at disrupting peace and stability in that sisterly country. We renew Kuwait's commitment to stand by Lebanon and to support it in a manner that will preserve its security, unity, territorial integrity and political independence. As for developments on the Iranian nuclear issue, we reaffirm our firm belief in the need to respect internationally recognized principles, including that of resolving conflicts through peaceful means. The State of Kuwait calls upon the international community to coordinate its efforts and to continue to work towards achieving a peaceful resolution of this crisis, so as to safeguard the peace and stability of the Gulf region. We also welcome the recent agreement reached between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as an important step towards dispelling fears and doubts surrounding the Iranian nuclear programme. It is our hope that dialogue and cooperation will resume with total transparency. That would allow us to address all the elements of this issue, so as to foster the conditions conducive to making the Middle East a zone free of nuclear weapons and all other weapons of mass destruction. In that connection, we call upon the international community to exert pressure on Israel to join the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and to place all of its nuclear facilities under IAEA safeguards. We emphasize the right of all the States of the region to obtain the technology and know-how necessary to peacefully utilize nuclear energy in accordance with the terms specified by relevant international conventions. Finally, we renew our commitment to work through the United Nations to fulfil the hopes and aspirations of our peoples to live together in a world where peace, justice and equality prevail.