Allow me at the outset, Sir, to congratulate you on your election as President of the General Assembly at its sixty-second session. I am confident that, with your wisdom and experience, you will lead our work to success. I wish you every success. I also wish to commend Her Excellency Sheikha Haya Rashed Al- Khalifa, from the sisterly Kingdom of Bahrain, President of the General Assembly at its sixty-first session, for all her constructive and concrete efforts to ensure the success and positive results of the Assembly’s work. The sixty-second session of the General Assembly coincides with the sixtieth anniversary of my country’s joining the United Nations, on 30 September 1947. The Republic of Yemen was one of the first countries to realize the importance of participating and interacting in an international forum that serves noble human objectives, the reason for which this Organization was established. We also became aware of the role of the United Nations in safeguarding international peace and security and in promoting cooperation among Member States with the aim of achieving prosperity for all societies. On this occasion, I cannot fail to refer to the transformations that the Republic of Yemen has undergone since its inception on 22 May 1990, be it in human development, freedoms, democracy or protection of human rights. However, during the past two years in particular we have had significant success in establishing good governance and enlisting popular participation in local council elections, and we have embarked on an integrated ambitious programme for economic, political, social, judicial and administrative reform. This has come to be known as the National Reform Agenda. The presidential and local elections held in September 2006, the transparency and fairness of which were attested to by all international observers, are evidence of the practice of democracy, freedom of expression, peaceful change of government, political pluralism, and decentralization in the management of State affairs. Yemen has also granted local councils broad authority. Several pieces of legislation to combat corruption were passed by the Yemeni Parliament, including the establishment of a Supreme Anti- Corruption Commission. They deal with procurement, tenders and bidding, and the establishment of an independent Commission, financial disclosure for public servants and basic reform in the judiciary. The Government now seeks to amend the laws that govern the press in order to remove all constraints. Yemen has acceded to several international agreements relating to the fight against corruption, including the initiative of international transparency in the mining and extraction industry sector. Today the world is witnessing political changes in Yemen: freedom of expression and of demonstration for its citizens, accorded to them by the constitution and by law. Even though some people have used these freedoms to cause anarchy and violence, the Government has dealt with them in consonance with the constitution and the law. I reiterate that my country abides by the approach that it decreed for itself: democracy, political pluralism, peaceful change of authority and recourse to the ballot box as the best and only way for change. It is worth recalling here that the Government of Yemen has declared its intention to amend the constitution so as to reduce the presidential term of office from seven to five years and the term of office of Parliament members from six to four years. It also intends to amend the law pertaining to local administration, so that governors would be elected directly, and to turn local administration into local government, so that more decentralization and participation in governance can be realized. As it moves along this path, Yemen faces several challenges in the areas of development, poverty and unemployment. These challenges compel Yemen to call on other States and on international organizations to help it overcome obstacles and to increase their development aid to Yemen, especially as the per capita assistance provided to the Yemeni individual does not meet the internationally accepted standard. No one today questions the existence of global warming, the results of climate change that the world is experiencing, or the damage that is being inflicted on the environment. Hence, it is only natural to stress that we should all assume our common responsibility to contain the damage caused by some wrong-headed policies and practices, given that the devastating effects of such policies are evident to each and every one of us. Over the past year we have seen floods, hurricanes and global warming in many regions of the world. The future has in store more catastrophes that may affect or wipe out millions of people, especially in the third world. Consequently, the poor would continue to pay for the luxuries of the rich. We would like to recall all the agreements relative to the environment and the resolutions that have been adopted at conferences to protect it. We should therefore seek to contain the climatic changes that result in desertification and flooding. The tense situation in the Palestinian territories and the violence the Palestinian people are facing from the Israelis are matters that run contrary to the provisions of the United Nations Charter, international law, international agreements, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Fourth Geneva Convention. While the Arabs in the past have been criticized for not providing an Arab vision to put an end to the Arab-Israeli conflict, they were indeed surprised that, when they presented their own Arab Peace Initiative, it was totally ignored by Israel and the international community, in spite of all the elements that would secure a comprehensive and just solution to the conflict. Thus, it is our hope that the Arab follow- up committee of the Arab initiative will have created a positive atmosphere leading to an international conference to be held under international supervision to achieve peace in the Middle East. It is also our hope that the United States of America will keep its promise regarding the establishment of the Palestinian State on national soil, with Holy Jerusalem as its capital, based on the principles of total sovereignty, viability, and return of refugees; and we hope that the solution will be widened to include total Israeli withdrawal from the Golan and the Sheba’a farms. We emphasize the importance of the participation of all the parties concerned in the international conference to be held soon. On this occasion, we call on our Palestinian brothers to return to dialogue, to unite their positions, to abide by the Arab Peace Initiative, to reorganize the Palestinian house in accordance with the constitution and Palestinian legitimacy. I refer here to the recent Yemeni initiative to bring the Palestinian factions together to serve the unity and ambitions of the Palestinian people. The Republic of Yemen welcomes Security Council resolution 1770 (2007) on Iraq. From this rostrum it calls on the international community to stand with the elected Iraqi Government to extend its authority, to put an end to sectarian violence, to control all the armed militias and to face the terrorist elements that seek to spread anarchy and undermine legitimate resistance and efforts at national reconciliation. We emphasize the necessity for dialogue among all the national groups in Iraq in order to reach a common vision that could restore Iraq’s security and stability and its pioneering role in the region. The Republic of Yemen calls on everyone to stop interfering in the internal affairs of Iraq, to respect its unity and Arab character, to put an end to the occupation of its lands and to reject any plan to divide it. Regarding the Sudan, we welcome its Government’s acceptance of an expansion of the forces and mandate of the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur. We support the efforts of the Sudanese Government to restore peace in that region in accordance with the security plan presented by the Security Council, provided that the sovereignty, territorial integrity and unity of the Sudan will never be jeopardized under any pretext. The Republic of Yemen blesses the reconciliation agreement signed by the Somali factions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which came about as a result of African, Arab and international efforts. Yemen calls on all international actors to provide further assistance and support to the Transitional Federal Government in a manner that would enable it to rebuild Somalia. We emphasize the importance of providing enough African peacekeeping forces to stabilize and normalize the security situation in Somalia. That would hasten the withdrawal of Ethiopian forces. As has always been the case, the Republic of Yemen will remain a partner in the reconciliation process, supporting all the parties, rejecting any foreign intervention in Somalia and emphasizing the need for reconstruction in Somalia, with a view to enabling the Transitional Federal Government to rebuild State institutions. The Republic of Yemen emphasizes the right of countries to possess nuclear technology for peaceful purposes. It continues to support a special General Assembly declaration of the Middle East as a zone free from all nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction, and resolutions demanding that Israel abide by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), in order to guarantee the stability of the region and to prevent a nuclear arms race there. The Republic of Yemen emphasizes the importance of achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), adopted in 2000. We also support the objectives set out in the Monterrey Consensus. My country is convinced that the mobilization of financial resources for development and the effective use of those resources in developing countries and countries in economic transition, are two crucial areas in which true international partnership should be encouraged. It is worth mentioning that the responsibility of creating and managing development programmes is first and foremost the responsibility of national Governments, in accordance with their priorities, needs and specificities, and in keeping with international strategies stemming from the Millennium Development Goals. This should take place in partnership with donor countries and international organizations, and in accordance with national goals and programmes devoted to human development. The Republic of Yemen wants the human being to be the centre and goal of its development and has placed the MDGs high among the priorities of its policies and its five-year development plan for the period 2006-2010. It has strenuously sought to take the social, economic and environmental dimensions of development into consideration. It has also involved civil society organizations in implementing these strategies. In addition, my country is working with donor countries, international specialized agencies and other institutions to implement our third five-year plan, with the objective of alleviating poverty by supporting small-scale programmes, expanding technical education, enabling women, providing investment services and opportunities and strengthening good governance. This is an ambitious plan that requires international support if it is to fully achieve its objectives of bringing about a qualitative change in human development in Yemen. There have been difficulties, however, in the implementation of this ambitious reform programme, including frequent increases in the price of food stuffs, such as wheat flour, which has affected the standard of living of Yemeni citizens, placing increasingly heavy burdens on them. Accordingly, it is incumbent on rich States to consider how to deal with inflation in international markets, so that countries’ efforts to implement their reform programmes will not be jeopardized and so that those countries can strike a balance between the costs of reform on the one hand and living standards, social peace and political stability on the other. In conclusion, allow me to express on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Yemen our deep thanks to the Secretary-General, His Excellency Mr. Ban Ki-moon, for his sincere and strenuous efforts at the helm of the Organization. We are confident that he is capable of leading it with a view to bringing about justice and fulfilling the principles and values of the United Nations to which we all aspire. We look forward to his continued leadership, especially in the search for a just and comprehensive peace in the Middle East.