I wish to join others in congratulating you, Madam, on your election as President of the General Assembly at its sixty-first session. Please be assured of my country’s support and cooperation throughout your tenure. The Marshall Islands commends all members of the General Assembly for their efforts, contributions and cooperation throughout the sixtieth session aimed at achieving many of our common aspirations. Although we have achieved a good measure of success, there is still much work ahead. We must work together and pool our resources, our talents and our skills for the betterment of all the citizens of the world. It is in this regard that I urge the wealthier and more developed Member States to increase their generosity 06-53952 18 with official development assistance so as to address issues of human misery. As one of the smallest States Members of the United Nations, the Marshall Islands hopes that the sixty-first session of the General Assembly will do more to protect and secure our people from threats to their livelihood and existence. The Marshall Islands is committed to various international and regional plans and agreements, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the Mauritius Strategy for the further Implementation of the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States, the Pacific Plan and, more recently, the Micronesian Challenge initiative, which sets ambitious targets for marine and terrestrial conservation areas throughout the Micronesian region. We emphasize the need for the full and effective implementation of the commitments, programmes and targets adopted, particularly those of the International Meeting to Review the Implementation of the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States, and for the mobilization of the necessary resources from all sources for the effective implementation of the Mauritius Strategy. Given that the livelihood of our people depends heavily on the oceans, we again join our Pacific neighbours in requesting that our ocean resources be managed and protected from exploitation. Because our nation’s single most important productive sector is fisheries, which provide us with our key export, the state of the world’s oceans and fish stocks and the way in which those vital resources are being exploited remain concerns of the utmost importance. As a party to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the 1995 United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement, we recognize the importance of the entry into force of the Convention on the Conservation and Management of Highly Migratory Fish Stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean and the subsequent conservation and management measures adopted thus far by the recently established Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission. While we acknowledge the implications and adverse impact of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing in the region, including the consequences of over-fishing for national and regional resources, we are continuing to develop and explore ways and means of conducting and enforcing conservation and management measures, as well as of developing our domestic fisheries. We seek a moratorium on bottom trawling until there are clear indications that it has no effects on ocean biodiversity. It is our hope that regional efforts — such as those being undertaken by the small islands developing States — to spread the knowledge of conservation and the sustainable use of biodiversity will be strengthened and enhanced by international assistance. At the national level, I wish to share with Member States the progress that we have made in terms of Government leadership and national development. Our national and local government leaders met early last month to review our progress in achieving our long term National Development Plan. This provided a chance for both the national Government and local governments to renew their commitments to work together to bring about a better Marshall Islands. It also paved the way for Government officials to discuss issues of critical concern that continue to obstruct our development opportunities in the areas of education, health and the environment, among others. Another important issue also being discussed on the home front is that of the nuclear-weapons tests that were conducted in the Marshall Islands. Our people have made a disproportionate sacrifices in helping the world understand the power of the nuclear bomb. We have paid with our own lives, our health and the well- being of our land and waters, which are so sacred to us. Since the Marshall Islands became independent, in 1986, we have undertaken efforts to better understand the impact of the activities that took place on our islands during the cold war. We are finding that the effects of the 67 atmospheric weapon tests conducted in our country were much worse and much more widespread than previously understood, although we still have a great deal more to learn. As a small country with limited resources, we are of course focusing our efforts on addressing the nuclear legacy. We call on the United Nations and its agencies and on Member States that share similar experiences and have expertise in the restoration of environments contaminated with radiation and in 19 06-53952 addressing health needs linked to radiation exposure to assist and support the Marshall Islands Changed Circumstances Petition, which was submitted to the United States Congress in 2000. As knowledgeable and responsible leaders of the world community, the United Nations has the capacity to positively influence the well-being of the citizens of the Marshall Islands, who were under the care of the Trusteeship Council when the United States nuclear testing programme was in progress — from 1946 to 1958 following the Second World War. Marshall Islands reiterates its firm commitment to the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and its objectives of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, fostering the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and furthering the goal of achieving general and complete disarmament. We urge those countries that have not already done so to become a party to the NPT, and those countries that are party to the NPT to fully cooperate with the International Atomic Energy Agency and fulfil their obligations under the Treaty. Marshall Islands and French Polynesia know all too well that colonial Powers are willing to use territories other than their own to conduct dangerous nuclear weapons testing. In that regard, we call on the United Nations to continue to press for the decolonization of all nations in the Pacific region. We also call on the United Nations to admit the 23 million citizens of Taiwan to the United Nations family. Taiwan, which shares the Organization’s view on the principles of universality and self- determination, has been enjoying a democratic Government of its own for over half a century. The fact that Taiwan has been denied membership into the United Nations again and again questions the legitimacy of the Organization. On behalf of my country, I therefore urge this body to welcome Taiwan into its membership. Marshall Islands wishes to reiterate its support for the reform, restructuring and expansion of the Security Council. In particular, we emphasize the inclusion of Japan as a permanent member of the Council, and fully endorse Japan’s proposal on the methodology to be used in the preparation of the United Nations scale of assessments for the period 2007 to 2009. We are convinced that the entire membership of the United Nations would benefit greatly from Japan’s permanent membership and its proposed scale of assessments structure. In the regional arena, last year Marshall Islands joined two of its neighbours in requesting that the United Nations step up its presence in the northern Pacific to pursue various development agendas, not only in our country but also in the Pacific region as a whole. I am pleased to inform the Assembly today that three United Nations agencies — the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Population Fund and UNICEF — have agreed to establish offices in various countries in the region, including the Marshall Islands. Moreover, our Government has been working extensively with others in the region to implement the Pacific Plan, endorsed at the Pacific Islands Forum leaders’ meeting held in Papua New Guinea in October 2005. I wish to join my colleagues in thanking our development partners for their assistance in making the Plan viable. Marshall Islands remains confident that the Pacific Plan will provide a useful framework for continued regional and international cooperation. Internationally, the Marshall Islands joins other Pacific countries in reiterating our interests and asking the international community to recognize the vulnerability of small island developing States. They need the continued support of developed countries to build up their capacity to manage vulnerability, strengthen food security and build resilience to economic, social and environmental change. We appeal to the international community to support and enhance existing and new capacity-building efforts of, and among, small island developing States. We need the assistance of the international community to establish mechanisms to enable small island developing States to cope with, and adjust to, globalization and trade liberalization. Marshall Islands consists predominantly of low- lying atolls that are an average of two metres above sea level. Our small atolls and islands are dwarfed by our surrounding exclusive economic zone, which consists of approximately 2 million square kilometres of ocean. While we rely on our ocean as a means of sustenance and survival, the sea becomes our biggest concern during increasingly severe weather conditions. We are fearful of sea-level rise, which is threatening the very existence of our islands. 06-53952 20 We therefore wish to reaffirm our grave concern regarding the vulnerability of small island developing States to the impacts of climate change, as well as the need for urgent action at the international level by the major emitters of carbon dioxide among developed and developing industrial countries to halt and reverse those devastating climate change impacts. I wish to take this opportunity to thank President Jan Eliasson for his excellent management of the General Assembly presidency over the past year. I also wish to congratulate him on his appointment as his country’s Minister for Foreign Affairs. The General Assembly accomplished a great deal under his able leadership and I would like to commend him on his achievements. I wish him well in his new post. The people of the Republic of the Marshall Islands join me in wishing Secretary-General Kofi Annan and Mrs. Nane Annan well in their future endeavours. I wish to convey our sincere appreciation for their gesture of friendship and goodwill during his tenure as Secretary-General of the United Nations. In closing, I would like to assure the Assembly that my country will continue to work with the United Nations to meet our common challenges. Sixty-one years on, General Assembly members must move deliberately and decisively to overcome the dangers that lie ahead. We must meet our responsibilities to our respective countries and to each other as members of the General Assembly to ensure that we arrive at a better future.