At the outset, allow me to congratulate you, Madam President, and the Kingdom of Bahrain on your assumption of the presidency of the General Assembly at its sixty-first session. As a woman, I welcome your election with great pride and wish to assure you of my delegation’s full support in every possible way. I also wish to express my delegation’s profound appreciation to President Jan Eliasson, your predecessor, for his hard work and dedication in advancing the United Nations reform agenda over the past year. Also, I take this opportunity to welcome the Republic of Montenegro as a new member of the United Nations. As I speak, Thailand is going through a critical period — a transition, following the military intervention, to a needed reform process that will strengthen our democracy in both its form and content. As a peace-loving country, we are grateful that the political change in Thailand has taken place peacefully. The situation in the country returned to normal within hours. On behalf of the Thai people, I wish to thank our friends for their understanding and support. 25 06-53952 With the resilience of Thai society, the General Assembly can be assured that Thailand will emerge as a stronger and more vibrant democracy. We will ensure a swift return to democracy within a definite timeline. An interim constitution will be promulgated in the coming days, with the military once again being placed under the constitution. This interim constitution will provide full guarantees for civil liberties and rights under the supervision of our National Human Rights Commission. Under the interim constitution, a new civilian Government will again be put in place within the coming days, and we can well expect that one of the first tasks of the new Government will be to abolish martial law. Constitutional reform will lead to a new constitution and general elections within one year, if not sooner. It is the hope of the Thai people that, as a result of this reform, independent organizations to be re-established under the new constitution will become more effective in carrying out their tasks to check and monitor the work of the executive branch of Government. This is the challenge and the promise. I wish to assure the General Assembly that Thailand’s foreign policy will remain unchanged. The conduct of our foreign policy will continue to be guided by the spirit and principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter, and we remain firm in our commitment to our obligations under international treaties and agreements to which we are party. Our thriving partnership with other countries shall continue to be fostered and enhanced. Thailand’s international economic policy, including multilateral trade negotiations and free trade agreements, will be continued. We will monitor our active role in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and in the Asia Cooperation Dialogue. We will also continue to promote the Ayeyawady-Chao Phraya- Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy, a subregional and self-reliant collective effort aimed at speeding up regional integration, and BIMSTEC (Bangladesh-India- Myanmar-Sri Lanka-Thailand Economic Cooperation), an organization devoted to economic and social cooperation, bridging the two sub-continents of South Asia and South-East Asia. Members of the General Assembly can, therefore, be assured of continuity in our foreign policy at all levels — bilateral, regional and multilateral. The world today is weakened by misunderstanding and fear. We judge one another based on our perceptions, which often times are not accurate. Out of fear, we go to war to seek peace. Instead of waging war, we should cultivate peace. We should learn to respect one another, starting from within one’s own family, community and workplace, and extending it to other societies, peoples of different races, religions and beliefs. Starting with ourselves, we should expand our circle of friendship and peace and do everything possible to spread the message of peace within our nations and around the world. In this regard, Thailand commends various initiatives to bridge differences among peoples across cultures and civilizations. We welcome and support the Alliance of Civilizations and the Interfaith Dialogue and Cooperation towards Peace in the Twenty-First Century. We encourage the strengthening and promotion of such initiatives in order to foster peace and lessen the possibility of armed conflict. Each year, the United Nations spends more than 70 per cent of its $10 billion annual budget on peacekeeping and other field operations. This trend can be reversed only if the United Nations works harder to create a culture of prevention. Prevention is, in the long run, less costly than peacekeeping operations. In this regard, it is particularly encouraging that two important new bodies have been established to contribute to strengthening the United Nations role in conflict prevention. The Peacebuilding Commission is expected to enable countries to recover after emerging from conflict and to sustain durable peace. The Human Rights Council holds out the hope of promoting a culture of human rights for all. It should play a role in helping to prevent situations of human rights violations from deteriorating and developing into armed conflicts. The Council’s success will be measured not by the number of resolutions it adopts, but by its real impact on the ground. One of the most effective measures for prevention of armed conflict is development. Thailand is encouraged that the theme of the general debate this year, “Implementing a global partnership for development”, responds to the immediate need to ensure that development goals are achieved on the firm basis of a global partnership. Developed countries need to honour their commitments, particularly in their 06-53952 26 official development assistance to developing countries and least developed countries. Sustainable development is, however, not about aid, it is about trade and opportunity. Developing countries must not be denied the opportunity to trade themselves out of poverty. The suspension of the Doha Round dealt a serious setback to hopes for a true partnership between the developed and developing worlds. A global partnership for development must ensure win-win conditions for rich and poor alike. We must redouble our efforts to ensure that development does not become a casualty of domestic interests. Global partnership is also not limited to relationships among States. The work of the United Nations can never be at its best if it does not reflect the voices of peoples at the grass-roots level. The Organization must ensure a global partnership for development and engage partners at all levels. In this regard, Thailand commends the work of the United Nations Fund for International Partnerships and encourages it to carry out additional good work to assist developing countries, especially those in Africa, in attaining sustainable development. We also thank Secretary-General Kofi Annan for having explored the possibility of engaging civil society and the private sector in the work of the United Nations. My delegation looks forward to more work being undertaken in this regard during the current session of the General Assembly. As the Secretary-General pointed out in his report to the General Assembly this year, the United Nations is a network of capacities and a source of operational capacity. In order to maximize this potential, there is an urgent need to reform the United Nations Secretariat. Discussion on Secretariat and management reform has been occupying a large part of our time since the World Summit. I encourage Member States to cooperate closely to achieve the common goal of ensuring that this Organization works to serve peoples in all corners of the world, in a transparent and most effective manner. To enable the United Nations to deliver its best potential as a network of capacities, we also need to ensure that the work of the United Nations at Headquarters and in the field is coherent and well coordinated. In this regard, Thailand looks forward enthusiastically to studying the report and recommendations of the High-Level Panel on UN System-wide Coherence. We need to ensure that efforts at the national, regional and international levels are coordinated and that they respond to needs on the ground. The work of regional commissions and organizations should feed into the work of the United Nations at Headquarters in such a way as to maximize their synergies. The year 2005 was one of vision and commitments. Our leaders met at the World Summit and laid out their visions for a better world, underpinned by effective multilateralism and a more effective United Nations. We have spent most of 2006 mapping out details of the commitments laid out by our leaders. In addition to the Peacebuilding Commission and the Human Rights Council, another welcome effort undertaken by the General Assembly this year was the recent adoption of the United Nations Global Counter- Terrorism Strategy (resolution 60/288), which provides a good example of political will at work. Thailand wishes to encourage Member States to exert even greater political will in order to permit the speedy conclusion of a comprehensive anti-terrorism convention. Moreover, the importance of prevention in the fight against terrorism can never be overstressed. The causes of marginalization and extremism — including, in particular, a lack of development — definitely require the world’s priority attention and must be properly addressed. In June, the General Assembly adopted a strong Political Declaration (resolution 60/262) — as a follow-up to the 2001 Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS — aimed at significantly scaling up our efforts to achieve universal access to comprehensive prevention programmes, care, treatment and support for all those who need them by the year 2010. Because AIDS has killed more than 25 million people and orphaned 15 million children since the first cases of AIDS were reported 25 years ago, and because close to 40 million people worldwide are living with HIV/AIDS, Member States must take those commitments seriously and translate them into concrete actions at the national level. Although much has been accomplished since the World Summit, that is only the beginning; much more needs to be done. The year 2007 must be a year for action and implementation. When the United Nations was founded 60 years ago, it was our forefathers’ 27 06-53952 aspiration that the peoples of the world would live free from want and fear and in dignity. Today, the United Nations continues to strive to achieve that noble goal. Maintaining peace and security, promoting development and promoting and protecting the human rights of peoples throughout the world are not the responsibility of any single nation; they are our shared responsibility. Each and every one of us must serve as an agent for change. We must serve as instruments for peace. Finally, I would be remiss to end this statement without paying tribute to Secretary-General Kofi Annan for his decade of hard work and dedication serving in the most impossible job in the world, and for his entire career in the service of humanity. The Secretary-General’s shoes will be extremely hard to fill. Anyone who is elected to serve in that post will have a full agenda on his hands: ensuring that multilateralism works effectively and that the United Nations remains relevant. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, comprising Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam, has endorsed and supported the candidature of Mr. Surakiart Sathirathai of Thailand to carry on the work of Secretary-General Kofi Annan. Mr. Surakiart’s vast background in Government, business and the academic world would enrich the work of the Organization. As someone from a developing country, Mr. Surakiart could serve as a bridge-builder, linking the North with the South, and could be a voice of moderation for the world community. In addition to the fact that he is an Asian candidate, Mr. Surakiart possesses outstanding personal qualifications. If he is elected, his experiences could be of great use to the work of the United Nations in the challenging times ahead.