The global game has changed. Interdependence and globalization are occurring at an unprecedented speed. With globalization, the concept of national sovereignty has changed. The international order based on the nation State — established in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia — is being challenged. Non-State actors are becoming more and more influential on the global scene. Private militias and transnational criminal movements are increasingly responsible for conflicts that used to be between State actors, as well as for undermining agreements entered into and adhered to by States. The boundaries between domestic and foreign policy are changing. Developments in one part of the world often trigger unintended actions in other parts of the world. If we look the other way when faced with conflicts and human suffering, problems will grow, they will not disappear. To meet the goals and challenges confronting the global community, we need more than ever a dynamic and proactive United Nations. The United Nations has to proactively address the agenda set by globalization, and it must be able to change in order to effectively meet and deliver on the new challenges. It is in everybody’s interest to have an efficient United Nations. The Organization adds moral force to the international community’s actions in a globalized world. An effective United Nations can alleviate the negative effects of globalization and turn it into a positive force. All of us have to work to ensure that the necessary reform steps to be initiated. Last September’s World Summit set an ambitious agenda for the United Nations and the General Assembly. I am pleased that we have achieved 25 06-53317 considerable results. Prominent examples include the establishment of the Human Rights Council, the Peacebuilding Commission and the Central Emergency Response Fund. The two new organs represent a long overdue institutional modernization of the United Nations that, if used as intended, will help the United Nations to address new challenges. That is why Denmark has put so much effort into helping to foster the Human Rights Council and the Peacebuilding Commission. With Burundi and Sierra Leone on the agenda, the Peacebuilding Commission has chosen two nations in need, but also two nations willing to join forces with the international community in their endeavour to build their nations. As it should, the Human Rights Council allows for closer scrutiny by the international community of domestic affairs — not because we wish to punish but because we wish to help improve. Such scrutiny is a desirable monitoring mechanism to ensure the protection of people from abuse by their own Governments. Let us avoid politicizing the work of this new body and instead, in a spirit of cooperation, ensure that the Human Rights Council is successful in meeting the objectives laid down by the General Assembly. In that context, I would also like to draw attention to the decision by the Human Rights Council to recommend to the sixty-first session of the General Assembly the adoption of the draft declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples. Work on the draft declaration has been under way for more than 20 years. It is high time that we, the Governments, approve that landmark instrument aimed at furthering the rights and aspirations of the world’s indigenous peoples. In June, as President of the Security Council, Denmark sought to highlight the importance of strengthening international law. We picked up the torch from the 2005 World Summit by calling a special meeting on the critical role of international law in fostering stability and order in international relations (see S/PV.5474). The Security Council spoke out clearly in favour of international law, both in general terms and with regard to specific topics such as delisting with respect to sanctions. Denmark will continue to pursue those topics, and we call upon all Member States to join us. The reform agenda is far from exhausted. The Security Council should be reformed to better reflect the world of today. Furthermore, we need to make substantial progress on mandate review and management reform during this session of the General Assembly. Otherwise, we will not be able to meet the challenges. Member States should not micromanage the United Nations, but should build a strong and fast- responding Organization to meet new challenges. The United Nations must play a strong role in order to secure positive gains from globalization for developing countries. Denmark eagerly looks forward to the recommendations of the High-level Panel on United Nations System-wide Coherence. Our aim is to enhance on the ground the efficiency and impact of United Nations development cooperation. It is a cause for concern that we have witnessed the resurgence of the notion of respect for national sovereignty as a justification for inaction in international affairs. There is of course no denying that nation-States remain the constituent part of the international system and of this very Organization. But respect for sovereignty can never become an excuse for accepting massive human rights violations. That was the key message from the Summit last year, when heads of State pronounced their support for the notion of the responsibility to protect. The Security Council has consistently worked to uphold the sovereignty of Lebanon since 2004. In August of this year, the Council intervened to stop the war between Hizbollah and Israel, and decided to send thousands of peacekeepers to help the Lebanese Government extent its authority to all parts of the country. We call upon all regional players to work constructively towards that goal. Security Council resolution 1701 (2006) must be fully respected by all parties. Denmark is actively considering ways to promote the implementation of resolution 1701 (2006), including by assisting the Secretary-General in his endeavours to find ways forward on the political aspects. The war between Hizbollah and Israel proved the volatility of the Middle East. For decades, the international community has sought to address the Arab-Israeli conflict, which continues to breed hatred and fanaticism. We must support moderate forces for reform and empower them to stand up against centrifugal tendencies. We need to redouble our efforts to finally achieve a comprehensive and lasting two- State solution to that tragic conflict. It is in nobody’s 06-53317 26 interest that the instability in the Middle East continues. The same goes for the Sudan. The Council’s decision last month to continue preparations for a United Nations peacekeeping force to relieve the African Union force and stop the senseless carnage of civilians in Darfur drew sharp criticism from the Government of the Sudan and was denounced as neo- colonialism and a violation of its sovereign rights. But, I ask, whose rights are really being violated here? Rather than the rights of the Government of the Sudan, I submit that it is the right of the population of Darfur to receive protection that is being violated. It is incumbent upon the international community to act if a Government fails to fulfil the responsibility to protect. I call upon the Government of the Sudan to work with us, not against us, in protecting the population of Darfur. In Afghanistan the security situation continues to be of great concern. We are, individually and collectively, being tested on our commitment to assist the Afghan people on their path towards a just and prosperous future. Warlords, financed by the opium trade, threaten the democratic rights of the people. The United Nations must continue to support the remarkable transformation process undertaken by the Afghan people and their Government. We wish to see a stronger role for the United Nations in Iraq, in order to contribute to peaceful and democratic development. A necessary precondition to improve the situation is better living conditions for all in Iraq. Needless to say, it is in our common interest to assist the Iraqi people in their struggle to reform and build their country. It must not fall victim to sectarianism and terrorism. If that happens the whole region will become destabilized. The most serious danger associated with globalization is the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. The Security Council reacted in unity to deplore the 4 July launch of several missiles by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. We call upon Pyongyang to return to the Six-Party Talks. Iran has failed to respond to the demands of the Security Council. We call upon Tehran to suspend enrichment activities and accept negotiations on the generous package. Weapons of mass destruction and terrorism represent a deadly combination. Terrorism is already in itself one of the major threats to international peace and stability. We all remember the tragedies here in the United States five years ago, as well as the terrorist attacks in London, Madrid, Amman, Bali, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Turkey. I am very pleased that the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy (resolution 60/288) has now been adopted by the General Assembly. That gives us renewed hope that we may also conclude the negotiations on a comprehensive convention this year. I call upon all States to seriously attempt to bridge the differing views that exist with regard to that very important convention, in order that we can combat the scourge of our time, terrorism. As Chairman of the Security Council’s Counter- Terrorism Committee, Denmark is working towards the strengthening of the international fight against terrorism through improved cooperation between the Council and Member States. Let me conclude my statement by expressing Denmark’s sincere appreciation to Secretary-General Kofi Annan for his tireless efforts to promote a more just, prosperous and peaceful world and for his leadership of the United Nations. For almost 10 years, Kofi Annan has served in an office where expectations for action are not always matched by the requisite powers and the means to act. He has impressively carried a heavy burden through troubled times, and recently has even undertaken new challenges in the Middle East and in the world at large. His act will be a difficult one to follow. Let his heritage be that the stones he lifted do not roll back down the mountain.