I am delivering this statement on behalf of His Excellency Mr. Abdulla Shahid, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Maldives, who, unfortunately, had to cancel his trip to New York at the last minute owing to various pressing engagements at home. 39 08-53141 Permit me to begin by expressing my delegation’s warmest congratulations to Mr. Miguel d’Escoto Brockmann on his election to preside over the General Assembly at its sixty-third session. I assure him of the full support and cooperation of my delegation in his work. I should also like to take this opportunity to express our profound appreciation to his predecessor, Mr. Srgjan Kerim, for the exemplary manner in which he guided the work of the Assembly at its sixty-second session. In addition, I should like to offer my delegation’s heartfelt gratitude to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for his inspiring leadership and dedication in promoting the noble principles and ideals of this Organization. Four years ago, the people of the Maldives embarked on a comprehensive reform programme aimed at strengthening and modernizing democratic governance in the country. Within that short period of time, unprecedented reforms have been adopted and the political landscape of the country has been completely transformed. A new Constitution that fully guarantees the civil liberties and fundamental freedoms of our people was adopted on 7 August 2008. To safeguard the foundations of democracy on our islands, several oversight bodies — a National Human Rights Commission that complies with the Paris Principles, a Judicial Service Commission and an independent Elections Commission — have been established and are now operational. Significant progress is also being made in reforming and restructuring the legal and judicial system of the country to align it with internationally accepted norms and standards. In accordance with the new Constitution, the Maldives will hold its first multiparty presidential election early next week. Parliamentary elections will be held before the end of February and local municipal elections will be completed by July next year. Those gains were made with the help of the international community, particularly the Commonwealth, the European Union and the United Nations. I thank them for their invaluable support, encouragement and assistance in implementing the reform programme. My Government is also extremely grateful to those organizations for accepting our request for election monitoring and assistance in the electoral process. We are firm in our resolve that the elections shall be held in a free and fair manner in full conformity with internationally recognized standards and best practice. When the Maldives joined the United Nations in 1965, we were one of the smallest and poorest States Members of this Organization. We lacked even the most basic political, legal and economic infrastructure and institutions necessary for self-governance. Our ability to provide for the welfare of our people was extremely limited. The economy was based largely on subsistence fishery, and the health and education sectors were severely underdeveloped. However, since then, the Maldives has achieved remarkable levels of socio-economic progress. Thirty years of strong and unwavering political leadership, complemented by the hard work of our people and the generous assistance of our development partners, have enabled the country successfully to pursue a people-centred path of sustainable development, based on social equity and justice. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are now fully incorporated into our national development priorities, and I am happy to note that we are among those countries that are on track to achieve most of the MDGs by 2015. We believe that the ongoing political, legal and human rights reform agenda will further strengthen our progress and propel us to new heights of socio-economic development, with the support of our partners. As a result of our rapid development progress, four years ago the Assembly decided to graduate the Maldives from the list of least developed countries. The Maldives is also being hailed by the international community as a major success story of the multilateral development assistance framework. And yet those hard-won achievements will be rendered meaningless if MDG 7 — environmental sustainability — cannot be guaranteed. It is now accepted beyond any doubt that climate change poses the most immediate and far-reaching threat to human security, directly compromising the most fundamental rights, including the right to self-determination and the right to life itself, for millions of people around the world. From the highest Himalayan peaks to the low- lying coastal areas and small islands a metre or so above sea level, global warming and changing weather patterns are undermining the lives and livelihoods of millions of people around the planet, with the poor 08-53141 40 being especially vulnerable. The recent hurricanes that left such a trail of destruction across the Caribbean once again brought into sharp relief the acute vulnerabilities of small island States, such as the Maldives, to global warming and climate change. For the Maldives, climate change is not a distant possibility. It is happening now and is a reality that we are experiencing on a daily basis. The continuing degradation of the global environment is not only undermining our development process, but also seriously threatening the very survival of our people and the existence of our tiny country. We are all aware of the grim predictions in the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. If those predictions were to come true, the Maldives and many other small island developing States and low-lying coastal areas would cease to exist within a relatively short period of time. Hence, the Maldives and many other small island developing States do not have the luxury of hesitation and inaction, nor can we afford to pick and choose where and when that important issue needs to be addressed. For us, it is not solely a development issue, but also a moral, ethical, political, legal and human rights issue, as well as a grave security issue. That is why the President of the Maldives took the initiative in 1987 to raise that issue before the Assembly. That is also why the Maldives participated in the Security Council debate on the issue last year, and why the Maldives decided to raise the issue before the Human Rights Council in 2008. The inverse relationship between responsibility for climate change and vulnerability to its consequences is often overlooked. The Maldives and other small island developing States contribute the least to global warming, and yet their development and, indeed, their very existence are fundamentally threatened by global warming and its consequences. Addressing the injustices of climate change is therefore the moral and ethical responsibility of the entire international community. It is time that we put people back in the climate change debate. We believe that a comprehensive rights-based approach to sustainable and just development, anchored in the concept of common but differentiated responsibility, is now an imperative. In that regard, we are happy that, at the initiative of the Maldives and 80 other like-minded countries, the United Nations Human Rights Council for the first time, earlier this year, recognized the link between human rights and climate change. The Council will formally debate the issue at its tenth session in March 2009, and we hope that due consideration will be given to the outcome of the debate by our colleagues in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change as they work to ensure an effective and equitable successor to the Kyoto Protocol. The Maldives is encouraged by the renewed international impetus towards a more sustained and robust approach to achieving the MDGs. Indeed, the high-level event on the MDGs held last week clearly illustrates the collective commitment and interest of the international community to work towards achieving those Goals. The interrelationship between climate change, food security and the attainment of the MDGs cannot be overemphasized. It is now believed that the global food and energy crisis will drive more than 100 million more people into poverty. While short-term measures may ease the immediate pressures, we believe that a sustainable solution to the problem lies in a fair and equitable trading regime and a shared vision of partnership and cooperation. The early and successful completion of the Doha Development Round and the successful outcome of the post-Bali negotiations, as well as the Follow-up International Conference on Financing for Development to be held in Qatar at the end of this year will prove critical in that regard. As a country that depends on importing most of its food and all of its energy resources, the Maldives is extremely concerned about the rise in global food and energy prices. Although the situation in the Maldives at present is relatively stable, the potential of a severe blow to our economy is alarmingly high. The Government is fully aware of the risks involved and is taking all necessary precautionary measures to ensure that the crisis does not adversely affect the daily lives and well-being of our people. Organized crime and terrorism are continuing to threaten the maintenance of international peace and security. The recent bombings in India and Pakistan are yet another tragic reminder of the evil and insidious nature of terrorism. It is therefore important for the international community to ensure that the war against 41 08-53141 terrorism remains a main priority on the international agenda. The continued scourge of terrorism is particularly alarming when seen in the context of the spread of nuclear arms and other weapons of mass destruction. The threat of a terrorist organization gaining access to such weapons is extremely alarming. I am happy to note that the Maldives is now party to almost all the international conventions on counter- terrorism. Despite its limited resource and expertise, the Maldives has been actively working towards implementing its various regional and multilateral obligations under the international counter-terrorism regime. I would therefore like to take this opportunity to reiterate our commitment to combating global terrorism and to Security Council resolutions 1373 (2001) and 1540 (2004) in particular. A permanent and lasting resolution to the question of Palestine remains elusive. The Maldives reiterates its support for the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and to an independent and sovereign homeland. We believe that the two-State solution remains the only viable option and needs to be pursued with greater vigour and vitality. The United Nations in the twenty-first century must have the ability to take on emerging challenges in an expeditious and efficient manner. While we applaud the present efforts to reform and revitalize the Organization, we believe that such reforms cannot be successfully achieved without the much-anticipated reform of the Security Council. In that regard, we are happy that the Assembly has decided to proceed to intergovernmental negotiations in early 2009. We look forward to participating in those negotiations. Despite the criticisms levelled against the United Nations, my country remains convinced that the Organization is the most potent and credible universal institution today. For the past six decades, the United Nations has been a beacon of hope for peoples around the world. Its universal character and the multilateralism that it embodies hold true to the ideals and virtues upon which it was founded and, without a doubt, provide the only viable framework for solving the world’s great challenges, including climate change, sustainable development, human rights and global terrorism. I therefore reaffirm the Maldives’ commitment to the principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter. I offer our full support to the United Nations in its resolute efforts to maintain international peace and security and to work towards the betterment of all humanity.