First of all, I would like to congratulate the President of the General Assembly on his election to his high office and to express my confidence that, under his able stewardship, the sixty-third session of the General Assembly will be fruitful and successful. When Christopher Columbus reached the shores of America in 1492, he believed that he had discovered a new route to India. Today we know that, many years before Columbus made that voyage, European explorers had reached Saint Lawrence Bay. Obviously, prior to the so-called discovery of America, developed civilizations had already existed there. At the same time, Columbus did discover America in a certain sense, because it radically altered the understanding of world geography. It is globalization that is giving us a new vision of the world in the twenty-first century. While offering new opportunities to the world economy and human development, globalization is also triggering a new surge of political and economic competition worldwide. We can now see clearly that it is imperative to prevent the interests of peoples and countries from being sacrificed for the sake of that competition. Given recent complications and disputes, it is urgent that we preserve the basic principles of international law, including that of territorial integrity. It is crucial that we avoid double standards in the application of that principle. Despite the efforts being undertaken, the world is not becoming a safer place. We must admit that there is still no international consensus regarding the issues of disarmament and the non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. As everyone knows, history could repeat itself if we do not learn its lessons properly. Therefore, nuclear disarmament and an enhanced non-proliferation regime should become a priority for all, without any conditionalities. Kazakhstan, a country that voluntarily relinquished the fourth-largest nuclear arsenal in the world, believes that it is absolutely imperative to develop new mechanisms for adapting the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to new realities. We call on Member States to finalize the necessary procedures for the entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty and the strengthening of its verification mechanism. That is precisely the purpose of the integrated on-site inspection field exercise currently being conducted in our country at the former Semipalatinsk nuclear testing ground. The crisis of the non-proliferation regime poses the real threat that nuclear weapons will fall into the hands of terrorists. Kazakhstan is actively participating in the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism and in that regard hosted this year the Atom anti-terror exercises and an international conference on the physical protection of nuclear material. The situation in Afghanistan remains a matter of grave concern. In our opinion, the way to normalize the situation is to build up the international community’s efforts for the peaceful reconstruction of Afghanistan. To that end, the Government of my county has adopted a special plan on assistance to Afghanistan. Kazakhstan is committed to timely and effective achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). We have already reached a number of targets in several areas, including poverty reduction, access to education and the empowerment of women. Now we are embarking on the MDG-Plus targets, adapted to our national conditions, in order to set up higher benchmarks and indicators. Like many other countries, Kazakhstan is deeply concerned about the situation regarding the global food market. We share the view of the majority that an integrated approach is required to overcome the current food crisis. Today the international community faces the challenge of a global rise in basic food prices. Kazakhstan, as a major producer and exporter of grain crops and flour, is prepared to make a substantial contribution to overcoming the food crisis. As of 1 September 2008, we have lifted our ban on grain exports. That is our contribution to the international community’s collective efforts to curb global grain prices. Because of the critical importance of energy resources, preserving the global energy balance has become a more urgent imperative. Kazakhstan fully understands its ever-increasing role and responsibility as a reliable energy supplier. Bearing in mind that energy and environmental problems are closely interconnected, I would like to once again draw attention to the initiatives set forth by A/63/PV.13 23 08-53122 the President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev, from this rostrum a year ago (see A/62/PV.4). They call for adoption of a Eurasian pact on the stability of energy supplies, as well as development of a global energy and environment strategy within the United Nations framework. Kazakhstan attaches critical importance to problems associated with climate change and sustainable development. To ensure the convergence of the European and Asian processes of transition to sustainable development and their merging into a single Eurasian process, Kazakhstan has put forward an initiative on convening in 2010 a conference of ministers of environment, economy and social welfare of the Asian and Pacific countries and a pan-European conference on the environment for Europe in 2011. We would like to express our profound appreciation to the entire international community, the United Nations and its agencies and programmes for the support they rendered to our country in mitigating the consequences of environmental disasters in the Aral Sea and Semipalatinsk regions. Calling for continued active international cooperation, we request support for the draft resolutions to be submitted at the sixty-third session of the General Assembly concerning the problems of the Semipalatinsk region and granting the International Fund to Save the Aral Sea observer status at the General Assembly. The growing number of natural and man-made disasters makes it necessary to intensify international cooperation as the most effective means of responding to emergencies. Kazakhstan supports cooperation in setting up national and regional platforms, exemplified by the Central Asian Disaster Response Coordination Centre. We strongly believe that the special needs of landlocked countries should be fully taken into account in accordance with decisions and recommendations based on the Almaty Programme of Action. We hope that the forthcoming midterm review of the Programme will result in the adoption of specific decisions on assistance to this group of countries. Escalation of ethno-territorial conflicts and increased interfaith tensions indicate that we have reached a critical turning point in our common history. Under these circumstances, Kazakhstan has been consistently and proactively pursuing a policy aimed at ensuring inter-ethnic and interfaith accord, as well as preserving political and social stability in our society. Upon the initiative of our head of State, President Nazarbayev, the Kazakh capital, Astana, hosted two Congresses of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, in 2003 and 2006. With its next summit meeting to be convened in 2009, this forum has already proved to be an effective international mechanism for promoting peace and tolerance on a global scale. Kazakhstan is actively involved in the work of the Group of Friends of the Alliance of Civilizations. Our initiative to declare 2010 the International Year of the Rapprochement of Cultures has been supported by all Member States, as reflected in resolution 62/90. We appeal to all countries and organizations of the United Nations to prepare relevant plans for the attainment of the goals of the International Year, in accordance with the provisions of that resolution. Taking further practical steps to promote dialogue among civilizations, Kazakhstan has proposed the convening of a ministerial conference to be entitled “Common world: Progress through diversity”. Foreign ministers from different regions of the planet have been invited to attend the first meeting of that forum, which is to be held in Astana in October. As Kazakhstan prepares to assume the duties of Chair of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe in 2010 and of the Ministerial Conference of the Organization of the Islamic Conference in 2011, we intend to use this unique opportunity to promote the issues of ensuring greater tolerance and furthering measures by member States against all forms of discrimination as serious items in those organizations. I would like to conclude my remarks with some ancient oriental wisdom: “Between a man that digs a hole and the man that fills it, there should always be a third man ready to plant a tree”. In today’s world, the United Nations performs that vital function by fostering dialogue and cooperation among all peoples and all States.