At the outset, Sir, allow me to offer the warm and sincere congratulations of Solomon Islands on your election as President of the Assembly at its sixty-third session. I am confident that with your vast experience and able leadership you will guide this session to a fruitful outcome. You can rest assured of Solomon Islands unwavering support and cooperation during your tenure of office. Through you, I acknowledge the good work of your predecessor, Mr. Srgjan Kerim, who has shown great leadership on issues of global concern, in particular on climate change, financing for development, United Nations reform and the Millennium Development Goals. My delegation is pleased to see you, Mr. President, take such issues head on, presiding over the high-level event on the Millennium Development Goals as we arrive at the midpoint of our time-bound commitments. Unfortunately, many countries, including my own, are off track in terms of achieving the Goals. My delegation also wishes to join others in conveying its gratitude and appreciation to our Secretary-General, Mr. Ban Ki-moon, who has worked tirelessly and diligently to protect and preserve the principles and purposes of the Charter during his first year in office. We wish him well as he carries on the good work he has begun — in particular, his regular briefings of the membership, making his office accountable and transparent in carrying out its activities. This year our multilateral institution is being revisited by history and challenged by the changing international system. Unilateralism and changing postures by big Powers are creating a new global order. The creation of new fronts in Asia, the Pacific and Eastern Europe is coupled with the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and parts of Africa. Above all, the arms race is no longer a threat, but a reality. The structural imbalances of the international financial architecture have exposed the inability of the major developed markets to respond to the volatility of the international financial system, resulting in State interventions. The world economy is looking more precarious and unequal. For small open economies the results are catastrophic. Hence, we must be cautious in using the free market approach and recognize its limitations. The increasing cost of food and energy is causing macroeconomic instability throughout the world today. This speaks of the complexity and weakness of the international system. It reflects the uneven distribution of wealth that continues to fail the developing countries, generating instability across the world. This can only be corrected by having an open rule-based, non-discriminatory and equitable trading system. Furthermore, market speculation and agricultural subsidies continue to pose major risks to the global economy. The failure of the recent Doha Round is of concern to my delegation, as it further marginalizes the small economies from globalization. The issue of the food crisis now deserves our immediate and most serious consideration at this session. My delegation deeply regrets that the recently discussed United Nations food crisis Comprehensive Action Plan is not matched by the required resources. 5 08-52265 Countries will therefore need to look at their own resources for solutions. To this end, Solomon Islands is working on short-, medium- and long-term solutions. The population is encouraged to eat locally produced food and to undertake community-based rice growing programmes. Solomon Islands hopes to further strengthen its relations with rice-growing countries. My Government commends the Republic of China on Taiwan for supporting Solomon Islands rice-growing programmes. Dependency on imported fossil fuel and food is reversing Millennium Development Goals gains, painstakingly achieved over the last decades. Solomon Islands is no exception. Thus, cleaner energy to power the world economy is the way forward. In this connection, we look to both the North and the South for solutions. I wish to thank the Republic of China on Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and Austria for coming forward with community-based renewable energy programmes. Such cooperation preserves the indispensable character of our noble institution and translates into action the Solomon Islands rural electrification policy of bringing affordable electricity to 80 per cent of its population in the rural areas. We are also exploring bulk purchasing arrangements with Venezuela, using the models of the Petro Carribe arrangement. We hope, having spent a third of our national budget on fuel alone, that this will provide Solomon Islands with some breathing space. Climate change and natural disasters continue to create anxiety and cast a dark cloud over the future and survival of humanity, in particular of the 50 million people of small island developing States. The magnitude of climate change has outgrown the existing capacity of the United Nations system. Our multilateral institution is heavy on providing technical support and analytical data and less weighty with regard to on-the- ground activities. Regional and subregional intergovernmental organizations are also going in the same direction, leaving countries to fend for themselves. Solomon Islands hopes that the Small Island Developing States Unit within the United Nations will be strengthened to effectively coordinate implementation of meeting the special needs of small island developing States. Today there is already within Solomon Islands a steady migratory pattern of movements of indigenous populations from their ancestral low islands to larger islands as sea levels rise. This has placed much stress on the diverse fragile land tenure system, causing friction between ethnic groups. Climate change is for Solomon Islands a sustainable development, security and poverty issue — all are interlinked. It is about preserving our forests, about our reforestation programme and about providing environment-friendly opportunities for the resources owners in our rural areas. On this note, Solomon Islands is embarking on an ambitious programme of scaling down logging, which is the country’s major export income-earner. My Government has earmarked funds for community-based reafforestation and reforestation programmes. It is hoped that over time the agriculture, tourism and fisheries industries will fill the forestry vacuum within the country’s economy, and that sustainable harvest of forests will become the norm. The increased frequency and magnitude of natural disasters remind us that no country will be spared. Solomon Islands is still recovering from last year’s tsunami. We feel the pain and suffering of the Governments and peoples of Myanmar and the People’s Republic of China, hit by Cyclone Nargis and earthquake respectively. More recently the three hurricanes that battered our fellow islanders in the Caribbean speak of our common vulnerability to natural disasters. My delegation hopes that a more committed outcome will emerge from the Bali Action Plan. Solomon Islands further notes with concern the proliferation of climate change financial mechanisms outside the multilateral process. This will once again disadvantage the most vulnerable countries — small island developing States and least developed countries. Climate change for us requires new and additional resources. Accessibility to the Adaptation Fund and funds for mitigation and technology transfer are at the heart of the solutions to climate change challenges. In this light, Solomon Islands fully associates itself with the Alliance of Small Island States Declaration on the issue, as well as the recently adopted Pacific Islands Forum Leaders’ Niue Declaration on Climate Change. We further call on the United Nations membership to support the draft resolution on climate change and security. 08-52265 6 On the issue of terrorism, Solomon Islands is concerned about the lack of progress on the draft comprehensive terrorism convention. The absence of a legal definition of terrorism is creating gaps in our global fight against terror. We continue to condemn terrorism in whatever form and manifestation. We urge the international community to weed out the evils that breed terrorism. Our fight against terrorism must be responsible and humane. I take this opportunity to sincerely congratulate the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands, commonly referred to as RAMSI. The Government and people of Solomon Islands value its partnership with the Regional Mission, and I thank all participating Pacific Islands Forum Countries for their ongoing contribution and commitment. RAMSI continues to enjoy popular support, as it provides a unique opportunity and an enabling environment to rebuild Solomon Islands. Since assuming office nine months ago, my Government, the Coalition for National Unity and Rural Advancement, has defined its relationship with RAMSI and the Pacific Islands Forum through consultation and dialogue. This is done through regional and national processes. Solomon Islands and RAMSI will soon commence negotiations on a proposed Government- RAMSI partnership framework, which will form the basis of future cooperation. The guiding principles of the framework are that it should be people-centred, nationally owned and driven and aligned to Government priorities and policies. This should guarantee its sustainability and long-term success. Meanwhile, our Parliamentary Foreign Relations Committee has been mandated by our National Parliament to review RAMSI. The Committee is expected to report its findings to Parliament next year. Solomon Islands is establishing a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, modelled on South Africa’s experience, to address people’s traumatic experience during the three years of ethnic conflict. It is our hope that the process will rebuild confidence, trust and unity among the diverse cultural communities in Solomon Islands. More than 80 per cent of the country’s resources and land are traditionally owned. Last month the Solomon Islands National Parliament passed a Secured Transactions Bill, which will make traditional assets bankable to allow more investment in the informal sector. Solomon Islands is also considering putting in place a Political Parties Integrity Bill to instil national stability and nurture its growing democracy. On the issue of achieving the Millennium Development Goals, as a small island developing State with least developed country status, we find that much of our achievement rests on partnership with all stakeholders at all levels. Solomon Islands is one of the highest foreign aid recipient countries. This unfortunately has overstretched and crowded our national policy space in strengthening and maintaining good relations with all donors. Meanwhile, the Government welcomes new approaches by non-traditional donors of providing direct assistance using existing national institutional frameworks. This strengthens governance and democracy, as provided for under the Paris Declaration, allowing the State to increase its legitimacy and reach out to its population more meaningfully. My delegation remains concerned that much of the debate on the Millennium Development Goals is centred on social commitments, from health to gender and from HIV/AIDS to education. Economic issues are given no attention, placing countries with huge youth and unemployed populations in an awkward and fragile situation. We consider such a gap as a time bomb that will explode and trigger more instability in the future if it remains unaddressed. Educating our youth is the way forward. We are therefore grateful to those countries that continue to train our young people. This year a new partner, Cuba, is offering medical training opportunities for more than 60 students. Solomon Islands will make every effort to utilize these training opportunities. Within my subregion of the Pacific, the Melanesian Spearhead Group, after some 20 years of informal existence, has established a secretariat, located in Vanuatu. This should further strengthen relations among the subregion’s countries and its wider neighbours, as we continue to address our collective development aspirations. We have only eight months left to register our continental shelf, as required by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. We are working diligently on the matter, having just accessed the Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea Trust Fund four months ago. Solomon Islands welcomes the recent decision by the eighteenth 7 08-52265 Meeting of States Parties to the Convention recognizing the technical and resources constraints on many developing countries in meeting the required time frame of May 2009. We are determined to keep working on this very important issue, which will redefine our territorial waters. I turn to sustainable development issues. Hailing from the world’s largest ocean, countries of the Pacific have relied on the ocean for their livelihood and economic sustenance. This has prompted certain countries of the Pacific, including Solomon Islands, to initiate sustainable management arrangements to protect our juvenile tuna stocks by closing pockets of high seas adjacent to our respective exclusive economic zones. The review of the implementation of the Monterrey Consensus scheduled for late this year should promote global growth and better international development support, especially for the least developed countries which remain on the periphery of the international system. Solomon Islands hopes the review will also reinvigorate the operations and governance of the Bretton Woods institutions, to make them more responsive to the changing character of the international financial system and become an effective part of the multilateral system. As one of the least developed countries, Solomon Islands looks forward to the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, scheduled for 2010, which will provide an opportunity to address the special challenges of the least developed countries. My delegation joins other least developed countries in looking to you, Mr. President, for leadership to work on the modalities of the conference during this session. On the issue of democratization of the United Nations, Solomon Islands believes that our Organization must play a prominent role in influencing and shaping the dynamics of the international system. This can be achieved only by increasing the legitimacy of our premier Organization through wider participation of its membership. This means that strengthening the General Assembly is crucial. Ensuring that the Secretariat is representative of the membership is a must. We also call for a genuine attempt by the Secretariat to undertake a universal recruitment drive, in particular among those that remain underrepresented in the Organization. This could be achieved through annual country competitive recruitment exams. Solomon Islands welcomes the recent recruitment exams held in Honiara, and would like to see them held annually. On the issue of system-wide coherence, Solomon Islands notes the establishment five months ago of the joint office arrangement between the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). Having one of the largest UNDP country programmes in the subregion of the Pacific, we note with concern that more than 70 per cent to 80 per cent of the programmes are spent on consultancy, making country-United Nations relations distant. In this regard, my delegation welcomes the appointment of an in-country UNDP Deputy Resident Representative. However, we renew our call for a fully fledged in-country Resident Representative. Security Council reform continues to elude the Organization. It is like a process that has never started and takes the longest to finish. We have over the years identified elements for negotiations, yet remain reluctant to move into intergovernmental negotiations. I am confident that you will give us leadership, Mr. President, and plough deep in facilitating an intergovernmental process on Security Council reform by February 2009. In this connection, Solomon Islands reiterates its support for Japan, Brazil and India as permanent members in an enlarged Security Council. On the issue of Taiwan, Solomon Islands congratulates the Government and people of Taiwan on the successful free and fair election of President Ma Ying-jeou in March this year. My delegation acknowledges the goodwill shown by Taiwan in developing an atmosphere of trust, flexibility, pragmatism and a positive spirit to reduce tension across the Taiwan Strait with greater economic engagement through trade, tourism and cultural exchange. We also note the intention to replace armed confrontation with negotiation, and isolation with engagement. Resumption of direct flights between the two countries, increased dialogue, and people-to- people interaction are all positive developments that should be encouraged. Above all, much has happened since the March election. 08-52265 8 Solomon Islands calls on the international community to recognize the Republic of China on Taiwan’s good faith and build on the positive momentum. The international community must provide the Republic of China on Taiwan with the necessary and appropriate international space if we are to be responsible and contribute to the maintenance of international peace, stability and security along the Taiwan Strait. Solomon Islands welcomes the 47-day Annapolis talks held from December 2007 into January this year. My delegation shares the Quartet’s support for ongoing Palestine and Israel negotiations to realize the shared goal of establishing a Palestine State by December 2008 as a just, permanent and long-lasting solution to the Middle East conflict. Solomon Islands further salutes Turkey for mediating talks between Israel and Syria in April, and salutes the courage of the two countries in discussing issues that are difficult and sensitive. In conclusion, as we reflect on the range of the global agenda before us, we must honour and act on our collective commitments. We must also define a path that offers our people human security guaranteeing freedom from want, freedom from fear and freedom to live in human dignity.