Not since the prelude to the two world wars have there been so much uncertainty and anxiety within the international system. The sands are indeed shifting, as the President of the Assembly stressed at the opening of this sixty-sixth session (see A/66/PV.1). The shifts in the struggles for freedom and the struggles for rights, some of which we in Saint Lucia take for granted; the shifts in the number of natural disasters that devastate country after country; financial meltdowns, increases in the price of energy and food, and food shortages have all converged and met at a moment when the challenge to cope weighs upon us all. However, the weight carried by a small island State bears down like an elephant on an ant, and although the ant is capable of carrying many times its own weight, it would never choose to carry an elephant. The current world economic and financial situations are not of our making but they affect us more than anybody else. It continues to confound us how the States of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), with the exception of Haiti of course — small island States like us, with limited resources, limited populations, limited land mass and small economies — can be classified as middle-income. With that classification, we are not eligible for special arrangements in finance and trade. There must be something wrong with that classification. We continue to argue that the methodology employed for such categorization puts small island developing States (SIDS) at a great disadvantage in terms of receiving favourable aid and trade packages, thereby adversely affecting our development strategies. The continued attrition of trade preferences at the multilateral level challenges our very small — and, I reiterate, very vulnerable — economies and requires our Governments to employ creative structural arrangements and adjustments and fiscal exercises to keep our economies afloat. The present application of the terms of trade and conditions of aid are very unfavourable to us. Emphasis therefore has to be placed on the consideration of a balanced approach to foreign investment and environmental integrity, and investors must not place undue pressure on small States. Rather, there should be an understanding of our challenges and our willingness to work in a win-win situation. Favourable mechanisms for finance and technology transfer would enable small island States to take advantage of the benefits that these offer as prerequisites for sustainable development. This is all we ask, nothing more — a chance to claim our part. We stress our vulnerability to natural disasters and their disproportionate effect on small island economies, and we seek rapid and meaningful response mechanisms at the regional and international levels in order to enable our vulnerable economies to recover as quickly as possible. Almost every year, gains made during the first half of the year are eroded in the last quarter by weather-related phenomena. Saint Lucia is still recovering from Hurricane Tomas, which struck the island in October 2010. Let me take this opportunity to thank those who contributed so generously to our recovery. Of course, we will still accept any generous contributions. Saint Lucia, like other SIDS, recognizes the vital role that oceans play in national and global economic development. In light of this, the Government of Saint Lucia remains committed to ensuring the sustainable development of both coastal and marine resources. For a number of years now, Saint Lucia has had legislation in place that speaks to effective fisheries management with laws on open and closed seasons for certain fisheries such as lobsters and, in order to prevent the capture of juvenile fish, mesh-size limits for nets and fish-trap fisheries. The Government is also targeting large pelagic fish and other species not traditionally harvested by local fishers, in order to reduce pressure on coastal and reef fishing. In addition, a number of marine reserves and marine management areas have been established, with the most well-known of these being the Soufriere Marine Management Association, which has been used to inform the establishment of other marine parks within the Caribbean and, I may add, globally. The Government of Saint Lucia has adopted an institutional framework for integrated coastal zone management and is working towards ensuring its successful implementation through a Caribbean coastal zone management unit and a coastal zone management advisory committee. 11-51687 8 I dwell on the issue of oceans and seas because the impacts of climate change and sea-level rise are real to SIDS, and Saint Lucia, through a number of projects and programmes, is seeking to build the island’s resilience to these impacts through the formal adoption of a national building code and the development of environmental impact, physical planning and development regulations. Nevertheless, Saint Lucia has recognized the importance of having access to data and models at the national and local levels in defining and informing the country’s response to climate change, and in this regard is taking a number of steps to build the requisite database by working with various national, regional and global organizations. The Caribbean Sea is an important international shipping route for both tourism and trade. Considered by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to be a biodiversity hotspot, the Caribbean Sea is and will remain our livelihood. It keeps us afloat, but it can also drown us if we do not manage it properly; that is what seas do. It therefore needs special attention, and our Government is promoting an integrated management approach to the Caribbean Sea area in the context of sustainable development. We therefore support the work of the UNEP Caribbean Environment Programme, and we hope that funding will be made available to that programme to enable us to achieve our goals. For all these reasons, Saint Lucia would like to call on the international community to ensure that there is a strong focus on oceans in the preparatory negotiations for the upcoming United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20). We cannot forget the importance of oceans to SIDS in providing energy and food security, and to the world as a whole in regulating our climate. Oceans are a regulatory mechanism for climate. As countries worldwide prepare for the Rio+20 Earth summit, we note that the green economy is a major theme for discussion. Renewable energy and energy efficiency are at the heart of the green economy. Petroleum giants like British Petroleum and Shell are now turning to investments in solar and wind energy. Countries such as Germany, the Netherlands and Brazil have positioned themselves as strong proponents of renewable energy. Sustainable energy technologies have been and continue to be a subject of significant research and development, with very promising results. At the policy level, a number of countries, including my own, have articulated noble and ambitious energy policies to steer us into the future. In negotiations taking place pursuant to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, climate change mitigation is inextricably linked to sustainable energy development and continues to generate much debate as State parties seek to find lasting solutions to the problem of greenhouse gas emissions. But while the United Nations endeavours to promote equity and equality among individual countries, our capacities are not the same. Countries like ours yearn to enjoy the benefits of sustainable, renewable energy sources, but despite having significant potential for renewable energy, we have not yet been able to meaningfully develop these resources. It is therefore imperative that the international community take decisive action to assist small island States, isolated as we are, in achieving energy security through renewable energy and energy efficiency programmes. Financing is a critical element in the development of new and renewable forms of energy. So far, SIDS have largely been overlooked, as investments are made in larger economies where greater economies of scale and profits beckon. Even with the existence of avenues such as the clean development mechanism, which should also promote sustainable energy projects, the results have not been very encouraging for SIDS. We hope that, not too long from now, that situation may change. We applaud the efforts and resources put into the conservation and preservation of the world’s forests to reverse desertification. We think, however, that considerable attention should also be given to what I term “small stands of trees” in our small island States. Although we call them forests, to those who have very large forests they are small stands of trees, but they are important to us because they are critical and crucial to soil fertility and therefore guarantee production and productivity in agriculture, thereby promoting food security and the alleviation of poverty. Similarly, Saint Lucia welcomes the adoption of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing and is grateful to the Government of Japan for providing an implementation fund for developing 9 11-51687 countries. We see that as a great opportunity to help our communities to benefit from their biological resources and the traditional knowledge associated with them, so that they too can play their role in the conservation of biological diversity. In accordance with the declaration of 2011-2020 as the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity, we urge all countries to work closely together to conserve biological resources for the present day and posterity. The recently concluded High-level Meeting on non-communicable Diseases provided an opportunity to deepen relations and collaboration with Member States, regional and international agencies and development partners, and to share technical expertise, best practices and resources as we continue to strive to meet clearly defined goals and objectives. As a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), which spearheaded this initiative, Saint Lucia wishes to place on record its appreciation for the commitment of all Member States, United Nations agencies, particularly the World Health Organization, and other interested groups in addressing the scourge of non-communicable diseases. We nevertheless need to set targets, implement programmes and measure success if we are to make progress beyond just another meeting. Saint Lucia, like all of the other CARICOM member States, is grappling with security threats engendered by the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons and trafficking in narcotics. The associated rise in crime and violence involving the use of firearms has had a significant adverse effect on the socio- economic and human development of our countries. Saint Lucia will therefore spare no effort in working towards concluding an arms trade treaty that is legally binding, robust and comprehensive; contains the highest possible standard for the transfer of conventional arms, including small arms, light weapons and ammunition; is effective in regulating the arms trade, particularly in preventing diversion; and is universal in subscription. Saint Lucia welcomes the Republic of South Sudan as the most recent member of our community and wishes it progress, peace and prosperity. We look forward to welcoming the State of Palestine to this body after successful negotiations have been concluded. That is our hope. The anachronistic, half-century blockade imposed on the people of our neighbour, Cuba, suffocates that people’s right to prosperity and progress. The outdated mechanism’s illogical application does not fit twenty- first century geopolitics, economics or humanitarianism. We therefore add our voice to others that have spoken before us in calling for an end to this blockade and to all limitations on the rights of the Cuban people to progress and prosperity. In the spirit of the greater good, we are pleased that, since 2009, Taiwan has been able to participate in the World Health Association (WHA), in recognition of the fact that global health issues require universal participation and cooperation to overcome those major problems that affect the peoples of every corner of the globe. Sustainable development, like health, is one of those issues that require global participation and cooperation. Taiwan is a leading economic and technological powerhouse and can contribute substantially not only to health but to a range of global issues that face the world today. We urge the United Nations to find suitable means to permit Taiwan to participate in its specialized agencies and mechanisms, including the International Civil Aviation Organization and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change all of which have worldwide implications, along the lines of the WHA model. Surely, 25 million people living on planet Earth can contribute to this body of peoples. In conclusion, the shifting sands are revealing an international system on the brink of change. We are at a moment when a decision taken here in this great Assembly will reverberate throughout history. Decisions taken here can create a State or divide a State; they can bring peace or bring renewed conflict. The theme for this general debate — “The role of mediation in the settlement of disputes by peaceful means” was well chosen. Let it guide our work this year and beyond.