It is my special honour and privilege to address this important forum and to share with the Assembly the positions of the Republic of Macedonia regarding current issues on the United Nations agenda. First, allow me to congratulate His Excellency Ambassador Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser on his election to the prestigious position of President of the General Assembly at its sixty-sixth session, and to congratulate the previous President, Mr. Joseph Deiss, on his remarkably successful presidency at the sixty- fifth session. I also take this opportunity to congratulate Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on his reappointment, confident that he will continue to work devotedly to realize the noble objectives of the United Nations. The Republic of Macedonia recently celebrated the twentieth anniversary of its independence. We have faced many challenges and temptations, including achieving a peaceful declaration of independence, the introduction of a new political system with due respect for democratic values and human rights and freedoms, transforming our economic system and then dealing with many social problems, establishing ourselves as a responsible and active member of the international community, and shouldering the additional burden of various requirements and conditions. Throughout this time, the Republic of Macedonia has had the United Nations as a partner. Based on lessons learned over the past 20 years, my country is particularly conscious of the value of mediation in the peaceful settlement of conflicts. Macedonia welcomes the timely and wise decision to make the role of mediation in the settlement of disputes by peaceful means the focus of this year’s debate. The majority of conflicts do not happen overnight; they are predictable and offer realistic opportunities for effective diplomatic efforts to prevent them. Such cases offer the chance of incurring the lowest cost in every way. While we affirm the sovereignty of States, we must take into consideration that there are moments when a State or States need mediation services, with impartiality and willingness on the part of the mediators to understand the thrust of the issues and to help all parties concerned resolve their problems in a mutually acceptable and satisfactory manner before they can escalate in an unwanted direction. The Millennium Development Goals remain the parameters we need to evaluate our success. Regardless of the serious consequences of the global economic crisis, our commitment to achieving the Millennium Development Goals must not weaken. The greatest crises occur as a result of a lack of vision and dedication. Turning a blind eye to problems or finding excuses to justify a lack of action to achieve our goals will only increase the price to be paid in future; and that will not be calculated merely in dollars or euros, but also in the most valuable and priceless asset: human lives. One challenge that requires an immediate and long-term solution is the issue of climate change. It is alarming that, precisely as a result of climate change caused by human activity, entire nations and States face uncertainty on a daily basis. Although the Republic of Macedonia has experienced the adverse effects of climate change in a less dramatic way, it wishes to express its solidarity with the countries that are most exposed to the phenomenon. In recent times, we have witnessed numerous conflicts and the disturbance of peace and security in various regions of the world. The democratic awakening, especially the so-called Arab Spring, has shown us once more that democracy cannot be imposed; it can be derived only from the people’s rejection of dictatorships and regimes that are in conflict with the popular interest, and from respect for basic human rights, universal freedoms and the rule of law. Old and frozen conflicts remain a global challenge. The problem of the abuse of programmes intended for the peaceful use of nuclear energy has not yet been solved. Terrorism and extreme hunger caused by conflicts are only two of the numerous challenges to which it is imperative that we find immediate solutions 11-51360 34 aimed at improving security at the global and regional levels. Human beings must be the focus of our attention, especially in national policy and, of course, in multilateral actions. There is no greater value than human life, human dignity and the right to individual development, prosperity and happiness. Humankind requires action that transforms our declarations and good intentions into deeds. When we ask for that moral imperative from the United Nations, we are practicing what we preach. The Republic of Macedonia will continue to be an active participant in the realization of our common objectives. There are many words I could use to describe my country, and each and every one would fit perfectly in its own manner. But to begin with, I choose only one, and I am convinced that it describes the essence of my country and my people and accurately illustrates all the efforts and strength we have summoned in order to overcome the challenges of our recent history. It clearly describes the patience with which we have faced every obstacle imposed on us, and which we have overcome and continue to overcome, at the economic and institutional level, simply by asserting our own identity and self-recognition. These obstacles have been imposed not because of anything we have done, but simply because of who we are and the fact that we exist. That word is “responsibility”. Macedonia has acted responsibly. Our country’s independence was won through a history that cannot be called merciful. It rests on the great sacrifice of many lives and broken dreams. Yet our past is not the only reason why we act responsibly. We Macedonians believe that we have a European future and that we can leave a great legacy for generations to come. That is precisely why today we in Macedonia are trying to create a broad base of support and to unify all of our strength and potential around the bold idea of Macedonia as a regional leader in economic reform, education, investment, technology and innovation; in protection of the environment and of human rights and freedoms; and in all areas of modern life. Knowing the great awareness and responsibility of my people — and citing the example of country’s response to the global economic crisis, when our solidarity was not shaken and we came through it all without major problems — I am convinced that our unity will succeed. When speaking of Macedonia, however, we cannot fail to mention another great characteristic that has remained with us over thousands of years. As our inheritance from ancient times, this characteristic has helped us to retain our cosmopolitanism — the ideal that has enabled us to maintain a functional multiculturalism. Side by side, throughout the centuries, different cultures, religions and nations have coexisted in my country. While many Europeans deem that astonishing and unique, for us Macedonians that has been the situation for centuries. We aim for incorporation into the dominant culture, without any assimilation or disintegration. Unlike many others who, afraid for their own national myth, try to suppress differences, we are proud of them and consider them our treasure. Our system is not perfect, and we have many issues to resolve. Macedonia is on the verge of a great transformation, which will not happen overnight. We, like every other nation in the world, have the right to an identity and to unite around our own national myth. In our myth, there is a place for Macedonians, Albanians, Turks, Roma, Serbs, Vlachs, Bosniaks and others. There is a place for all who accept the virtues of non-violence, justice, coexistence and cultural competitiveness. Chauvinism has never been dominant among our people. The constitutional amendments of 1993 and the change in our flag showed our goodwill, openness and cooperativeness. However, our sense of responsibility and our maturity should not be considered as weaknesses, nor should they be a reason for continuous abuse from anyone, because we have dignity and pride. We know who we are and how we will live. We are Macedonians, we speak Macedonian, and our country’s name is the Republic of Macedonia. As Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia, I would be remiss if I were to neglect the issue of our name and identity and our southern neighbour’s objection to both. I mention this not only because of my position and obligation to the people of the Republic of Macedonia, but also because it relates in many ways directly to the issue of the peaceful resolution of conflict and the role that mediation plays. We do not like being in the position of having our name and identity opposed by one country, and we certainly did not ask for it. But reality is often cold, hard and brutal. The fact is that our southern neighbour objects to both our name and identity; its objection has become our problem, and a dispute has arisen that is 35 11-51360 unique in the world. It is imposed on the basis of the need of one country, our neighbour, to monopolize two names, and its strategic determination that we should not exist as we feel ourselves to be. Imagine the state that my citizens find themselves in — blackmailed, with their development and prospects jeopardized, blocked by our southern neighbour from joining euro-Atlantic institutions, just because of what we are and what we feel like. I personally, and literally all of the citizens of my country, cannot believe that we have been put in a situation where we have to resolve a dispute that was artificially created and absurd. I believe that it is also utterly incomprehensible to all present. I would ask participants in this meeting to imagine, just for a moment, that they are in our shoes, to consider how they would feel if someone demanded they not be French, German, British, American, Russian, Chinese, Nigerian, Japanese, Argentine, Uruguayan or Kenyan, for instance. That is the only thing I ask, the only thing I plead for. I ask for support to end this, to allow us to be what we are. We hurt no one and inflict damage on no one. We have understanding, tolerance and respect for our neighbours and friends and for everyone. We have respect for the neighbour with which we are having this dispute and an understanding of its fears. We have no pretensions, nor do we have any intention of monopolizing the name Macedonia. Please help us to be proud and dignified and to avoid a solution that would break us. We seek a solution that will not harm our spirit and a name that will recognize our commitment, desire and determination for coexistence, community, individuality and identity as well as our sense of belonging to the world — this world that we are building, whose virtues we are establishing and whose future we are fighting for. Macedonians are a peaceful people and are working, with mediation, to resolve the dispute with our neighbour in a peaceful manner. In a speech to the Parliament of the Republic of Macedonia on 31 August 2001, our late President, Boris Trajkovski, said: “We demand that the international community recognize us by our name — the Republic of Macedonia — and not by a fictional derivative. It is high time that the world recognizes us by what we call ourselves, just like any other country and its citizens. Otherwise, how do you expect us to believe in your values, principles and intentions if you deny our basic right, the right to identity?” Fortunately, 131 countries around the world have made a choice to recognize us by what we call ourselves — the Republic of Macedonia — and for that we thank them. We thank them for their principled position and consistency in the values of protection of the rights and principles established by the United Nations itself. Unfortunately, the rules of the world are such that we cannot be called by what we call ourselves in this very body. Nor can we join organizations we have worked hard to become members of, and, in the case of NATO and the European Union, have earned a right to be a part of. This, frankly, is wrong. There is no other word for it. What others choose to do about it — their behaviour — is entirely up to them. It is a great honour and great privilege to address this body. All of us are leaders of our people and all of us represent them to the best of our abilities. But we must recommit ourselves as leaders to our own peoples first, and to the peoples of this world second. If we do that, we can survive, we can succeed and we can build a better world for ourselves, our children, our grandchildren and for future generations, which, ultimately is what each and every one of us wants.