Vanuatu joins other delegations in congratulating you, Mr. President, on your election to preside over the General Assembly at its sixty-sixth session. My delegation vows our full cooperation, and believes that, with your leadership, we will conclude a successful session. 9 11-51372 Allow me to also acknowledge the leadership of your predecessor, His Excellency Mr. Joseph Deiss, for his exceptional guidance and for the considerable and important achievements of the previous Assembly session. In the same spirit, on behalf of my Government, I take this opportunity to congratulate His Excellency Ban Ki-moon on his re-election to the post of Secretary-General and to commend him on his vision, leadership and tireless efforts in moving towards achieving the common interests of all humanity. I would also like to take this opportunity to congratulate the Government and the people of the Republic of South Sudan on the birth of their new nation on 9 July. Vanuatu recognizes the sovereignty of South Sudan, and offers the young nation our full support. The theme of this year’s General Assembly session, “The role of mediation in the settlement of disputes by peaceful means”, calls for more creative and feasible peaceful multilateral solutions to many of our long-standing disputes that, unless resolved peacefully, will have far more extensive global consequences. The settlement of disputes by peaceful means is central to the United Nations system, as enshrined in the United Nations Charter and in numerous international conventions and treaties. In that context, we, like many others, encourage our brothers and sisters in Israel and Palestine to continue the peaceful negotiations that will ensure regional and global stability. We also call upon the United Nations to visit the framework with which it fulfils its mediation mandates and to develop closer partnerships with mediation actors within regional groups. To succeed as responsible nations of this global village, we must continue to cultivate an environment that thwarts the seeds of bitterness, hatred and vengeance. In establishing the United Nations in 1945, many nations, great and small, entrusted it with the responsibility to assist in maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights. However, 66 years after the founding of this multilateral Organization, the world that we live in is far from the ideals for which its inception was intended. Across the globe, people from all walks of life continue to be subject to colonial rule, death threats, arbitrary detention, torture and worse, and are killed for exercising their rights to freedom of expression. Untold crimes against humanity and other human rights atrocities still continue. While we reaffirm our faith in multilateralism, with the conviction that bilateral diplomacy cannot substitute for multilateralism, we also believe that our nations have a greater need of a more robust multilateral system that is swift and efficient in responding to the multitude of challenges that members of this highly esteemed system, acting unilaterally, would be hard done to defeat. We are delighted to note that one of the four priorities of the President of the General Assembly at its sixty-sixth session is to continue the work on the reforms within the United Nations. In that context, this year’s establishment of the Change Management Team within the Organization, in particular, is a step in the right direction. That initiative comes at a time when members of this body are calling on the United Nations to play a more prominent role in a period of rapid change and financial restraint in building a culture of transparency, accountability, good governance and enhanced democratic participation, and to achieve efficiency and results. As regards the Security Council, Vanuatu is steadfast in its belief that reform measures must provide for democratic and geographically strategic representation in both the permanent and the non-permanent membership to reflect the realities of this century. We continue to lend our invaluable support to the candidacies of the many countries vying for membership within the non-permanent seat category of the Security Council. We hope that sustained reforms will help to boost the Security Council’s peacekeeping role and to increase efficiency and transparency in promoting the universal standards and common values and customs that form the basis of global security and development. At this juncture, let me acknowledge the work of the peacekeeping and nation-building missions of the United Nations in supporting new countries, such as Timor-Leste, South Sudan and others, in their nation-building. On 9 September 2011, we marked the tenth anniversary of the twin towers bombing that wreaked havoc in the city of New York and claimed more than 3,000 lives. Such acts of terrorism can never be justified, whatever the causes they claim to be 11-51372 10 advancing and to whatever grievances they claim to respond. Despite international efforts to counter terrorism, major threats remain. Indeed, the world cannot sit idly by, watching the forces of evil threaten humanity’s right to peace and security. Terrorism cannot and must not be allowed to flourish. Vanuatu condemns, in the strongest possible terms, all forms and manifestations of terrorism, and calls on all countries to join forces to fight against its evil ideologies, activities and financing in order to make the world of tomorrow a safer place. All countries must work closely in eliminating that scourge. Today, the lack of progress on disarmament and non-proliferation, cornerstones of global security, is disturbing. The world’s nuclear Powers must fulfil their vows to meet their obligations under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to take decisive and practical steps towards irreversible disarmament. Only then will the proliferation of arms reverse. My people welcome the strenuous efforts of President Obama and other world leaders, working together at the vanguard to advance negotiations on denuclearization. The very recent events in Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster clearly show that whatever safeguards are in place, there can be no absolute guarantee that those can withstand the unforgivable ferocity of Mother Nature. They are important lessons for us. Four years after the global financial crisis began, in 2007, the economies of many developed countries continue to struggle, stirring financial markets worldwide with fresh fears of impediments, default and possible recession. For small developing countries, such as Vanuatu, the rise in food prices, high fuel costs, soaring commodity prices, fears of a global recession, as well as the other unforeseen effects of the global financial instability and uncertainty that remain in many developed countries, are having multifaceted consequences. Such developments, coupled with the ongoing effects of climate change and natural disasters, continue to threaten the economies of small island nations, and to undermine all efforts towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to ensure that sustainable development is achieved. Vanuatu has made some progress towards achieving the MDGs, but much more needs to be done by pooling our own resources at the national level and by engaging the international community in coordinating efforts so as to achieve our MDGs. The convening of this year’s thematic group on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is indeed timely. In my country, it is estimated that approximately 75 per cent of deaths each year are related to NCDs. Furthermore, the immediate causes of the NCD epidemic — tobacco use, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity and the harmful use of alcohol — are becoming increasingly widespread in our society, especially in urban areas. Those self-inflicted diseases are, therefore, becoming a major barrier to our socio- economic development and to achieving healthy islands and the MDGs. At this point in time, my country is undertaking, for the first time, a national NCD STEPS survey to determine and to better understand the burden and the extent of NCDs and their determinants in our communities so that we can better target our intervention efforts in future. Early this year, Vanuatu launched its revised NCD strategy and policy for the period 2011 to 2016 to guide our implementation efforts in the coming years. We have also implemented, over the years, many key NCD strategies to empower our people to increase control over their health and its determinants, with the assistance of our development partners, such as the World Health Organization, the Australian Agency for International Development and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. In terms of economic performance, Vanuatu’s economy grew at an unprecedented average rate of 6 per cent between 2003 and 2008. Economic growth has since weakened, mainly as a result of exogenous shocks felt during the ongoing global financial crisis. That has had a negative impact on Government revenue in the past few years, adding further strain on the economy. That said, the need for significant increases in financial support from development partners remains pressing. The announcement of a considerable increase in credit facilities at the Group of Twenty London summit in 2009 was welcome news. However, the reassertion of those financial commitments and swift action need to be rigorously followed up by the donor community. 11 11-51372 The previous assessment by the United Nations Committee for Development Policy of Vanuatu’s development status as a least developed country has showed a progressive pace in development. While graduation may be imminent, I must underscore, before the Assembly, that most challenges of the small island developing States are permanent. The challenges of smallness, the distance to major metropolitan markets, extreme vulnerability to natural disasters and climate change, the sea-level rise and vulnerability to tsunamis all constitute permanent characteristics of our island nations. It is therefore important for the United Nations to ensure that multilateral mechanisms for graduation and a transition package must not be detached from those permanent realities. We are delighted that the President of the General Assembly has vowed to pay special attention to vulnerable States such as ours. Climate change and ocean acidification remain the single greatest threat to the livelihoods, security and well-being of the peoples of the Pacific, particularly for small low-lying Pacific islands. High greenhouse gas emitting industrialized countries must start to embrace and to accept the common but differentiated responsibilities in historic contributions to climate change. As the former Chair of the Pacific Islands Forum, I, along with my fellow leaders of the Pacific Island nations, particularly welcome the historic visit of Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to the Pacific. I call on the United Nations to undertake more senior missions to the Pacific region so as to establish a more comprehensive understanding of how susceptible the people of the Pacific are to the adverse impacts of climate change and sea-level rise, as embodied by the case of Kiribati. I call on leaders of advanced nations to renew and honour their pledges to finance, in particular, efforts to help the most vulnerable communities to address their adaptation needs in order to ensure that island nations survive the impending global disaster that climate change may afford. An increased global fund to strengthen the capacity-building efforts of vulnerable communities, in particular, to integrate climate change into economic policies and actions, is pressing. As we prepare for the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 17) talks in Durban, my Government urges all delegations to work tirelessly to pledge to a second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. Durban must advance all aspects of the climate change negotiations and devise strategies to operationalize the COP 16 decisions if any concrete, balanced and ambitious outcomes are to yield results. Colonialism and all forms of imperialism must be addressed by the United Nations, for one of the reasons why the United Nations system was created was to develop friendly relations among nations, based on respect for the principles of equal rights and the self- determination of peoples. Therefore, colonial rule is obsolete and must be addressed with new drive and vision. The United Nations, as well as the international community, must continue in their efforts to address issues of decolonization in those Non-Self-Governing Territories that still yearn for freedom. The mandate of the Special Committee on Decolonization must be strengthened. All means should be accorded to the Committee to allow it to magnify the suppressed voices of the peoples in all Non-Self- Governing Territories that are still under the control of administrative Powers, especially where serious human rights violations are reported. My country, Vanuatu, was the last in the Pacific region to be decolonized. Since our independence in 1980, we have continued to speak out for the inalienable rights of the colonized indigenous peoples of Oceania and in certain parts of the Asian region, where either administrative or colonial Powers still retain authority. My Government also calls upon the United Nations to ensure that the demands for French Polynesia’s right to self-determination are not rejected. We, along with many other Pacific island nations, support calls for the reinstatement of the French- administered Territory with the United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization. That would be the first major step in the process of their self-determination. Vanuatu encourages the French-administered Territory of French Polynesia and, in the same spirit, that of New Caledonia to continue to seek meaningful dialogue with France in order to find ways to ensure that the freedom of the colonized peoples of Oceania is fully realized. Enshrined in the core principles of the United Nations Charter, the Organization must guarantee universal respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all the oppressed. The universal pursuit of 11-51372 12 democratic reform, good governance and adherence to human rights conventions have often concealed the suffering of many people, denying them their right to decide their destiny without fear or reprisal. The United Nations must step up its efforts to exercise their freedom from the tentacles of foreign rule, so troublesome a misgiving in these modern times. One day, all the indigenous peoples of Oceania and beyond must reach their goal of freedom, a destination promised to all humanity and a right that the Creator endowed upon all peoples and that no earthly Power can deny, to determine where they live and to be self-ruled in free association with the international community of nations. Let me take this opportunity once again to reiterate to this eminent Assembly our serious concerns over the infringement by foreign forces on the political freedom of many of our nations today, a right denied to the people of the land to exercise their freedom to control their lands, a freedom denied by the injustices of the global world order that demarcated many of our lands, dividing peoples, families and cultures and disconnecting us from the traditions of our ancestors. Denying the right of a country to exercise its political freedom over its maritime territorial boundaries and preventing the indigenous people of a country from exercising their culture and traditional linkages with integral part of its lands, sovereign since time immemorial, remain one of the greatest crimes of our times. We are therefore calling on the United Nations to ensure that our fundamental rights can be exercised in all parts of our territory. As the world unites in addressing some of the major challenges of our times, the lifting of the economic embargo on Cuba is long overdue. Denying the good people of Cuba from fully participating in the global economy is inhumane. T is high time that the Cuban people be allowed to enjoy their rights and freedom as an independent and sovereign nation. It is time that we all revisit the aspirations and the ideals with which the United Nations system was created and join forces to weed out injustice, colonialism, poverty, hunger, war crimes, terrorism and the like in the hope of creating a peaceful and secure world for generations to come. All nations, great and small, must respect each other’s sovereignty, for that is the way to achieve trust and to ensure a dignified confidence among all friends gathered around the table of the United Nations. I also welcome Fiji’s commitment to full and democratic elections by September 2014. As a Pacific neighbour, such as announcement is timely. In conclusion, I wish to take this final opportunity to express my gratitude to Vanuatu’s development partners for the support that they provide in building our economy. I believe that more can be done to help small vulnerable island countries like Vanuatu to address the rising challenges confronting them. Leaders of the world, the resounding echoes of history drum in our ears and remind us of what must be done tomorrow. The global forces driving the changes that will shape our future must beckon towards a world where people of all races, ethnicities, creeds, beliefs, faiths, cultures, traditions and origins can live in harmony and peace, as brothers and sisters.