As this is the first time I have stood at this rostrum as Prime Minister of Tuvalu and participated in the general debate of the General Assembly, I am delighted to convey the warmest greetings and best wishes of my people and my Government, and I am honoured to speak today on their behalf. Let me first extend my special thanks and sincere appreciation to the Government of the United States of America, as the host country, for the warm hospitality and special protocols accorded to my delegation since our arrival. Ten years ago, Tuvalu established and opened its Permanent Mission to the United Nations here in New York, with a mandate to engage more closely with nations of the global family. Despite our limited resources as one of the smallest Member States, our presence is a simple testimony of our hope and trust in collaboration with Member States in the pursuit of our destiny. This further reflects our continued commitment to uphold the maintenance of international peace and security, development and human rights as fundamental pillars of the United Nations, as enshrined in its Charter. Tuvalu warmly welcomes and fully supports the four main areas of focus of Mr. Al-Nasser’s presidency, including the peaceful settlement of disputes, United Nations reform and revitalization, improving disaster prevention and response, and sustainable development and global prosperity, which he clearly identified during the opening of the session. In particular, the theme that he proposed for the general debate — “The role of mediation in the settlement of disputes by peaceful means” — is timely, considering what is happening around the world today. In this context, I wish to express our belated tribute and respect to the people and the Government of the United States in commemoration of the recent tenth anniversary of the events of 11 September 2001. Tuvalu strongly condemns such terrorist acts and all similar incidents worldwide, and our prayers are with those who have lost their loved ones. Tuvalu further salutes those who have lost their lives for the cause of justice and peace. As a peace-loving nation, Tuvalu fully supports the role of the United Nations in the maintenance of peace and security across the globe. However, at the same time, the integrity and sovereignty of countries should be respected at all costs. Tuvalu firmly believes that military and violent action should not be used as a means for the settlement of disputes. Instead, the parties concerned should be encouraged to discuss and understand the root causes of their differences and try to listen to each other in a more peaceful manner. Today the world is undergoing profound changes without any boundaries through the unprecedented impacts of globalization and other related global events, which have critical implications for Tuvalu. This has been further exacerbated by the continued severe impact of the global financial and economic crisis, which has had an enormous and critical negative effect on Tuvalu’s economy. In particular, the Tuvalu Trust Fund, which is the main source of revenue to stabilize our recurrent budget, has been severely affected. As a consequence, my Government has no other option apart from streamlining and containing its national recurrent budget to a sustainable level so as to 15 11-51360 enable the provision of basic services to its people during these difficult times. In this regard, I humbly call upon the international community and development partners to urgently fulfil their commitments to assist the least developed countries (LDCs), including Tuvalu, through the implementation of the Istanbul Programme of Action, adopted at the fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, held in Turkey earlier this year. The Istanbul Programme of Action is a living document that needs to be implemented vigorously and collectively by LDCs and the international community during the next 10 years. In that regard, I am pleased to confirm that the main thrusts of that Programme of Action will be integrated and mainstreamed in the Tuvalu National Sustainable Development Strategy, during the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries scheduled for next month. Furthermore, as a least developed country, Tuvalu is most vulnerable to global economic shocks, the impacts of climate change and outbreaks of disease, including non-communicable diseases. Tuvalu continues to call on and appeal to the United Nations to take those vulnerabilities seriously into consideration when addressing the question of the graduation of LDCs. Despite the ambitious target of the Istanbul Programme of Action for 50 per cent of LDCs to be graduated within the next decade, Tuvalu firmly believes that its economic and environmental vulnerability, coupled with its continuous dependence on official development assistance, cannot be totally ignored. In that context, the graduation criteria need to be reviewed to reflect and recognize our vulnerability. Last month, Tuvalu published its second Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Progress Report covering the period from 2010 to 2011, which highlights the progress we have made to date towards achieving those goals. Despite the ongoing impact of recent global crises, which Tuvalu continues to face, it is encouraging to note that five of the MDGs are likely to be achieved and three will have mixed results by 2015. As alluded to earlier, while we have made progress in achieving the MDGs, such progress can be reversed overnight because of our particular economic and environmental vulnerability. The ongoing process and inter-governmental negotiations at the United Nations to revitalize and reform the General Assembly and the Security Council respectively are fully supported. However, while we recognize the importance of the reforms being undertaken by those United Nations bodies in order to update their mandates, we are concerned that the time taken to conclude such undertakings is far too long. In that regard, we look forward to a more realistic timetable to complete those negotiations in the near future, once and for all. Our collective efforts to strengthen and maintain peace across the globe will be meaningless, if the United Nations continues to turn blind eyes and deaf ears to Taiwan’s contribution and efforts toward those common goals. Furthermore, Taiwan’s continued contribution to the international community as one of the committed development partners cannot be overemphasized. In that regard, Tuvalu strongly urges the United Nations to recognize those contributions without any reservations. In particular, Tuvalu calls upon the United Nations subsidiary bodies, especially the World Health Organization and the International Civil Aviation Organization, to allow Taiwan to participate fully and meaningfully in their meetings and activities, including in United Nations meetings on climate change. Climate change is a priority global issue of the twenty-first century and beyond and therefore requires a global solution. Climate change impacts countries unequally and not all countries possess the same capacity and resilience to adapt and respond to such impacts. For a small island developing State like Tuvalu, climate change is without a doubt a security issue that threatens our survival. At the end of this year parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change will be meeting in Durban to advance our work on climate change. It will be a critical meeting, as time is fast running out for highly vulnerable countries like Tuvalu. My country believes the meeting in Durban must deliver key outcomes. First, we must adopt amendments to the Kyoto Protocol, so as to allow for a second commitment period. It will be necessary to adopt a decision that includes provisional entry into force of those amendments to avoid any gap between the first and second commitment periods. That is necessary in order to ensure that the clean development mechanism continues without any complications and that the mechanism continues to provide financing for the Adaptation Fund. 11-51360 16 Secondly, we must make rapid progress in developing an international mechanism to address loss and damage. For highly vulnerable countries like Tuvalu, that is vitally important. We need an international mechanism to spread the burden of rebuilding after major weather catastrophes. Thirdly, we must re-focus our work on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. To properly reduce global deforestation we must put in place appropriate measures that effectively address its causes. We must look at this from the demand side and explore all means of regulating the trade in products that is driving deforestation. Finally, we believe that all major emitting countries must take more decisive action to reduce their emissions. The current pledging system found in the Cancún Agreements is inadequate. We will be seeking a mandate in Durban to commence negotiations on a new, legally binding agreement for those major emitting countries that have not taken commitments under the Kyoto Protocol. That agreement should complement the Kyoto Protocol, but not replace it. As we make progress towards the Rio+20 Conference next year, we must ensure that there is a focused section dealing with the needs of small island developing States. In considering the theme of the green economy, we must explore carefully how we can redirect the current international trading system to properly reflect the needs of small island economies. We need accessible and affordable technologies that take advantage of renewable energy and energy efficiency, we need help to protect our blue economies and our oceans, and we need to explore new preferential trade arrangements to overcome our size disadvantage. In conclusion, let me reiterate the severe impact of the recent financial and economic crisis and other ongoing global crises, which continue to affect my country’s economy and its overall social and economic development. As a small island developing State and a least developed country, vulnerable to such crises and dependent on overseas development assistance, Tuvalu appeals to the international community to urgently honour and fulfil their commitments and obligations outlined in the Istanbul Programme of Action and other international platforms. We firmly believe that with our continued cooperation and strong partnerships at all levels, we can successfully overcome those problems for the sake of our people and humankind.