At the outset, I wish to congratulate Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser on his assumption of the post of President of the General Assembly at its sixty-sixth session. I assure him of the fullest cooperation of the Latvian delegation. I also congratulate the Secretary-General on his re-appointment to his honourable post for a second term. I wish him the greatest success and strength in guiding the Organization and the Secretariat in all their complex tasks. I warmly welcome the State of South Sudan as the 193rd Member of the United Nations. Latvia has always supported strengthening the United Nations as the only truly universal international organization. However, the United Nations must change and adapt to the new realities in order to deliver the best results and sustain its influence. The revitalization of the General Assembly and the reform of other principal organs are essential so that the United Nations can keep pace with the modern realities in the world and to make the whole of its work more effective. That will allow consistent adherence to the principles of sound budgetary discipline and a fair distribution of expenses among the Member States. In the context of the global economic slowdown, we welcome the initiative of the Secretary-General to cut the United Nations budget for 2012-2013 by 3 per cent, and we look forward to a constructive discussion on that matter. The reform of the Security Council is long overdue. We call on all partners to work sincerely on this important issue. Latvia is ready to assume greater international responsibility and is planning to engage 25 11-50702 more actively in the Council’s work by putting forward its candidature for a non-permanent seat. This year marks the twentieth anniversary of Latvia’s joining the United Nations, after regaining independence. In those 20 years we have undergone a complete transformation. From a Soviet-occupied European country with no trace on the political map, Latvia has re-emerged as a country with stable democratic institutions and membership in the United Nations, the European Union and NATO. From a closed, regulated system we have developed an open, liberal market economy. From a totalitarian regime we have grown into a democratic society where the rule of law and human rights are respected. Now we are able to share our transformation experience by helping other countries in their own development. Important changes, often called the Arab Spring, have started in North Africa and the Middle East. People have gone to the streets demanding democratic reforms and influence on the future development of their countries. The international community has to support those aspirations and assist in building stable and trusted democratic institutions and establishing the rule of law. We welcome the timely reaction of the United Nations to the events in Libya, such as the Security Council’s decision to provide humanitarian and security assistance and to refer the case to the International Criminal Court. Latvia has recognized the National Transitional Council of Libya and supported the General Assembly decision to allow the Council to represent Libya at this session. Joint action is crucial, and we hope that the United Nations, in collaboration with relevant regional actors, will continue to play a leading role in Libya. We support the Security Council presidential statement regarding the events in Syria (S/PRST/2011/16) and the Human Rights Council decision to urgently dispatch a special mission to Syria (A/HRC/RES/S-16/1). The message is clear: violations of human rights and the use of force against civilians are totally unacceptable and strongly condemned by the international community. We look forward to an appropriate follow-up on this issue in the Security Council. Today the international community has a historic responsibility to make the Middle East a safer, more prosperous and more democratic place to live. We must support the Middle East peace process with the goal of two States, Israel and Palestine, living side by side in peace and security. Latvia strongly encourages both sides to resume dialogue without delay. Sustainable peace is possible only if the Israelis and the Palestinians reach an agreement that takes into account the legitimate interests of both sides. The international community — the United Nations, the Quartet, the Arab League and others — should act together to help both sides to return to the negotiation table. Turning to sustainable development, I would like to stress that we have a responsibility to future generations for the preservation of the natural environment in the world. That responsibility includes an obligation to ensure that the resources available to us now are used in the most appropriate ways. In order to address the challenges posed by climate change, joint global action is needed with regard to emissions reduction and global warming. Later this year, the next United Nations Climate Change Conference, in Durban, will take important decisions. Any proposed agreement on climate change action should be a reasonable compromise that is acceptable for the majority of participating Parties and does not exclude any of the major economies. In order to achieve sustainable development, protecting the environment and preserving a healthy society are most important. However, in the twenty- first century we face a new challenge: non-communicable diseases. We commend the High-level Meeting on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases and the adoption of the Political Declaration (resolution 66/2, annex). We hope that we will have an effective follow-up process. The economic crisis has reminded us that we live in an interdependent world. We are deeply worried by the level of uncertainty and volatility in international trade and financial markets. The primary responsibility for prudent governance is at a national level. However, in the current situation the international community must once again act together and find sustainable stabilization measures in order to prevent another downturn in the global economy. My country, Latvia, was one of those hit first and hard by the crisis but now is among the countries that are steadily recovering. Our gross domestic product is growing again and unemployment is falling. The recovery of the Latvian economy can teach us several 11-50702 26 simple lessons. First is the importance of acting quickly and decisively in adopting austerity measures. Secondly, in order to carry out structural reforms, there is a strong need to communicate and to engage with society. The third and final lesson, of course, is the value of international solidarity. We face a large number of transnational threats, including terrorism. This year, we commemorate the tenth anniversary of the tragic terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001. We express our solidarity and sympathy with the victims of 9/11 and others who have been affected by terrorism all over the world. As we combat terrorism, we must also analyse its root causes. Our aim in Afghanistan is to help to stabilize the security situation and to build local democratic institutions. That will empower the Afghan Government to take over responsibility for security throughout the country by 2014. A sustainable solution in Afghanistan can be found only if regional actors, including the Central Asian countries, are part of the process. Joint action is needed to unlock economic opportunities, to strengthen regional security cooperation and to develop infrastructure and transport corridors in order to connect Afghanistan with the region and the rest of the world. In addition to the role of the United Nations in maintaining international peace and security, the importance of regional organizations is increasing. In that context, we draw attention to the protracted conflicts in Europe in Transdniestria, Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno-Karabakh. Regional organizations — in this case, the EU and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe — must continue working to seek peaceful solutions. Good cooperation with the United Nations is crucial. In that regard, let me emphasize the principled and consistent position of Latvia and the EU in supporting the peaceful settlement of conflicts and values such as democracy, the rule of law and the protection of human rights. Those lie at the core of the EU foreign policy strategy. This year, we carried out the review process of the functioning of the main United Nations human rights body — the Human Rights Council. Latvia saw that review process as a unique opportunity to improve the performance and credibility of that important body. We took note of the outcome of the review process (resolution 65/281, annex). However, we believe that much more could have been done to enable the Council to live up to the expectations of countries and people. Latvia believes that members of the Human Rights Council must lead by example through full commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights. Latvia attaches the greatest importance to that commitment by putting forward its candidacy for the Human Rights Council elections in the year 2014. Challenges to global security, development and human rights can be overcome only by our joint efforts. Latvia looks forward to a fruitful sixty-sixth session of the General Assembly.