First of all, I would like to congratulate Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser on his election as President of the General Assembly at its sixty-sixth session. I am confident that his able leadership will lead this session to a successful result. My congratulations also go to the Republic of South Sudan on its admission to the United Nations. This year marks the twentieth year of membership of the Democratic People’s Republic of 11 11-51681 Korea in the United Nations. Our country joined the United Nations as a result of its desire to defend world peace and achieve mankind’s common prosperity, working together with all United Nations Members. Since that time, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea has remained faithful to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, as it had pledged. However, given the present status of international relations, the logic of power and highhanded politics has become all the more obvious, thus negating the principle of sovereign equality, despite the efforts and desires of the United Nations Member States. A few countries are involved in interference in internal affairs and the use of force against sovereign States in an attempt to dominate regions where they feel they have strategic interests under the pretext of protecting civilians and defending peace. Regrettably, the United Nations has been misused in this process. International law and order have been violated and undermined by the arbitrary and high- handed acts of some major Powers. Given that current reality Member States should reaffirm the principle of defending peace and sovereign equality as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, and speed up the process of reform of the United Nations, including enhancing the power of the General Assembly. A long time ago, the General Assembly adopted resolutions on dismantling the United Nations Command in Korea and putting an end to the United States blockade against Cuba, which have not been implemented so far. This is just a random example that highlights the urgent need to enhance the authority of the General Assembly. To enhance the authority of the General Assembly it is urgently necessary to put in place a mechanism whereby Security Council resolutions related to peace and security, such as those on sanctions and the use of force, are subject to the approval of the General Assembly before they take effect. Two other areas where the prevailing logic of power in international relations can clearly be seen are the Third Committee of the General Assembly and the Human Rights Council. Though it is said that reform is intended to put an end to politicization, selectivity and double standards in dealing with human rights issues, there still remains the prevailing reality whereby specific countries are selected for discussion of their human rights situations, while other major human rights violators are simply passed over in silence, all in accordance with the political objectives and interests of the West and the criteria of Western values. It is our view that the reform process of the human rights bodies should be intensified, so as to enhance the system that seeks to ensure genuine freedoms and rights for the people of all countries, and respect for their diverse histories, cultures, ideas and systems. Meanwhile, some progress has been made in the field of sustainable development, one of the three goals set by the United Nations for the last two decades following the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. However, we are still faced with tremendous challenges. We consider that the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development to be held in 2012 should take practical steps towards the creation of a peaceful environment for development, the establishment of fair international economic and trade relations, the removal of sanctions, the implementation of official development assistance commitments, the transfer of environmentally friendly technology and increased financial assistance to developing countries. It is the inalienable right of the Palestinian people to live free of the Israeli occupation and to create an independent State of their own. It is also an obligation of the international community to admit Palestine as a full-fledged United Nations Member State. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea recognized Palestine as a State in 1988 and we support its admission to the United Nations. We believe that the aspirations of the Palestine people will be translated into a reality. Today in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, a general campaign is on in full swing to build a powerful State, under the wise leadership of the great General Kim Jong Il. The Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea is concentrating all its resources on economic development, with a main emphasis on significantly improving the people’s livelihood. We are achieving unprecedented and remarkable success. Our economic development in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will make a meaningful contribution to the efforts of the international community to foster regional development and to attain the Millennium Development Goals. 11-51681 12 In that context, a stable and peaceful environment is a vital prerequisite for the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and its people today in their struggle for economic development. To our regret, however, the Korean peninsula does not yet have with a lasting and stable peace mechanism. The national division imposed by outside forces and the fragile armistice that leaves us in a state of neither war nor peace have now been in place for more than half a century. That is the stark reality of the Korean peninsula. Despite the unanimous aspirations and desires of all the people at home and abroad who want peace and stability, the arms build-up and nuclear war exercises continue to be staged one after another against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in and around the Korean peninsula. Because of that, there is a constant recurrence of a dangerous situation on the Korean peninsula, which is often driven to a brink of war. The prevailing situation not only poses a grave threat to the sovereignty and security of our Republic but also obstructs the efforts of our people to achieve peaceful development. Had it not been for the Songun ideology implemented by the great leader of our people, General Kim Jong Il, and had it not been for our powerful war deterrent, the Korean peninsula would have been turned into a theatre of war scores of times and our peaceful economic development would have been unimaginable. The Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea remains consistent in its stand to secure peace and stability and move towards the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula through dialogue and negotiation. The present circumstances of the Korean peninsula require all parties concerned to seize the opportunity for dialogue and take courageous decisions to act boldly on solving the fundamental issues. The continued existence of the tense situation on the Korean peninsula is attributable to the hostile relations between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the United States, which give rise to mistrust and confrontation. As long as hostility exists between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the United States, with the parties to the Military Armistice Agreement levelling guns at each other, mistrust and confrontation will not dissipate and the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula will not be possible. It was with that in mind that the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea proposed again last year to hold talks for replacing the Armistice Agreement with a peace agreement. The signing of a peace agreement as part of implementing resolution 3390 (XXX), adopted at the thirtieth session of the General Assembly in 1975, would be the most effective confidence-building measure towards alleviating the mistrust between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the United States, and would further serve as a driving force for ensuring the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula. Denuclearization of the whole Korean peninsula was the last instruction given by the great leader of the Korean people, President Kim Il Sung. The denuclearization of the Korean peninsula specified in the Joint Statement of 19 September 2005 is a process of turning the whole Korean peninsula into a nuclear- free zone based on complete removal in a verifiable manner of the actual nuclear threat to the Korean peninsula from the outside. The issue of denuclearizing the Korean peninsula originated, for all intents and purposes, from the hostile policy and nuclear war threats of the United States against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Such being the case, the United States is the main party that is responsible for and capable of removing the root cause of the problem. The nuclear issue would never have been raised at all, if the United States had refrained from deploying nuclear weapons in the Korean peninsula and threatening the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea with nuclear arms. Under the present circumstances, in which the Korean peninsula stands at the crossroad of either a relaxation of tension or a continuation of the vicious cycle of aggravation of tension, the United States should boldly abandon its hostile policy against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and move towards full-fledged dialogue, proceeding from its long-term strategic vision. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will make strenuous efforts in the future as well to establish a durable and lasting peace mechanism on the Korean peninsula and will continue to cooperate with all parties concerned for unconditional resumption of the Six-Party Talks. 13 11-51681 Inter-Korean relations have been developing favourably on the Korean peninsula since the publication of the June 15 North-South Joint Declaration. However, it is extremely unfortunate that North-South relations have now been aggravated to their worst state ever, with a widespread atmosphere of warmongering and confrontation with fellow countrymen, after the current South Korean authorities took office. There is a serious problem behind all that, the issue of fundamental contradictions and antagonism in the approach towards the reunification of the Korean peninsula. Different ideas and systems exist now in the North and the South of Korea. Given that reality, the choice of method of reunification is itself a vital issue that will lead either to national reunification or to national disaster. The North and the South of Korea, through the June 15 North-South Joint Declaration of 2000, recognized that there is common ground in the federal formula proposed by the North and the confederal one proposed by the South for reunification, and agreed to orient the reunification along this direction in the future. That agreement between the North and the South enjoyed warm support and was welcomed by our fellow countrymen and the international community, including the United Nations. But the present South Korean authorities reneged on the June 15 North-South Joint Declaration on the agreed reunification method and came up with what they called the theory of unification through absorption, which presupposes the collapse of the other party, and thus put inter-Korean relations into a phase of touch-and-go confrontation and increased the danger of war with each passing day. In view of the prevailing reality of the Korean peninsula, the so called unification through absorption is a road to war, whereas the federal formula is a road to peace. The federal formula is a realistic proposal for reunification premised on coexistence and the best possible method of reunification able to prevent war. It is also a reasonable proposal for reunification that accords with the interests of the region and the neighbouring countries, as it presupposes the neutrality of the reunified State. If the present South Korean authorities truly want to see the relaxation of tensions in the Korean peninsula and an improvement in inter-Korean relations, they should abandon their confrontational attitude against peace and reunification and switch over to a policy of respecting and fully implementing the 15 June Joint Declaration and 4 October Declaration, agreed at the summit level between the North and the South. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will, in the future, further strengthen and develop friendly and cooperative relations with all United Nations Member States, in accordance with its foreign policy principles of independence, peace and friendship, and will do its level best to defend peace and security in the Korean peninsula and in the rest of the world and to promote joint development and the common prosperity of all humankind.