Allow me, Sir, to congratulate His Excellency Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser on his election to preside over the Assembly at the sixty-sixth session. Let me also commend his predecessor, His Excellency Mr. Joseph Deiss, for his leadership in guiding us over the Assembly’s sixth-fifth session. May I take this opportunity to congratulate Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on his reappointment. Indonesia would also like to welcome South Sudan as a Member of the United Nations. Our world continues to be full of challenges, political and military tensions and conflicts, as well as threats of nuclear weapons and of acts of piracy and terrorism. There is the financial and economic crisis. Worse and more fundamental still, in many corners of the world there is abject poverty and hunger, environmental threats and natural disasters, energy and food insecurity, intolerance and discrimination. There are authoritarian regimes bent on suppressing the clamour for democracy and respect for human rights. We believe that in convening in this historic Hall, as we do every year, we must seek more than simply to review the past year, to lament opportunities lost and to congratulate ourselves on the gains made. Rather, we must ensure that, moving forward, as nations we stand united — United Nations — in addressing and anticipating the challenges ahead. In particular, we must stand united in transforming challenges into opportunities for nations to forge mutually beneficial partnerships, anchored in the principles of the United Nations Charter. We must change challenges into opportunities to promote a new kind of international relations that accentuates partnership rather than confrontation, and that places primacy on the building of bridges rather than the deepening of fault lines and divisions, and on nations aggressively waging peace and development. Waging peace and development in the Middle East must, first and foremost, entail correcting the historic injustice to the Palestinian people that has been allowed for too long. Indonesia’s support for the legitimate aspirations and rights of the people of Palestine to live in freedom, peace, justice and dignity in their own homeland has been steadfast and will continue unabated. Indonesia therefore strongly supports Palestine’s present quest for full membership in the United Nations. Such membership is consistent with the vision of the two-State solution and of a just and comprehensive peace in the Middle East. Indeed, the recent heightened worldwide focus on the issue of Palestine can, and must, be channelled in a constructive way towards the promotion of an inclusive partnership among nations that leads to the fulfilment of the historic responsibilities shouldered by our United Nations. The continued denial of the most basic rights of the Palestinian people becomes all the more glaring in the face of the welcome democratic transformation that is under way in parts of North Africa and the Middle East. Like many, Indonesia has been deeply concerned by the untold losses and casualties suffered by innocent civilians. The bloodshed and use of force must be brought to an immediate end, for, ultimately, political solutions must be found. That means that conditions conducive for people to shape their own future must be promoted. Thus in Libya, for example, Indonesia 11-51390 28 supports the National Transitional Council in its efforts to promote a peaceful and democratic transition. A decade or so ago now, Indonesia too went through a tumultuous process of democratic change. Today, as the third largest democracy, Indonesia is reaping the democratic dividends of such change. That is why we believe that political development and democratization should constitute a priority item on our agenda, to allow States to share lessons learned and experiences in their unique paths towards democratization. That is why we took the initiative of launching the Bali Democracy Forum — the only intergovernmental forum for the sharing of experience and cooperation on political development in Asia. It is a forum for partnership in the promotion of democracy. Global partnership is particularly key in addressing the challenges of development in order to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and to prevent the recurrence of famine, which we are currently witnessing in the Horn of Africa. Thus we must act in concert and in a focused and sustainable way to ensure food security for the most vulnerable. That means increased investment in the agricultural research and development sector and increased production and productivity. I wish to highlight one particular driver of economic growth and development. An enhanced role for women in the economy is not only right, but also smart, leading to both increased growth and more balanced, sustainable and equitable growth. Achieving food security also requires that we confront the reality of climate change. The international community must find the political commitment to generate momentum for climate change, towards a new climate regime after 2012. The forthcoming seventeenth Conference of the Parties to the Climate Change Convention in Durban and the Rio+20 Conference on Sustainable Development in Brazil next year must deliver. However, let us not wait. In Indonesia, we are committed to being proactive and to being part of the global solution to climate change. Through the REDD- plus programme — Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation — we are using our natural rainforests as an important part of our mitigation efforts. Our commitment to work in partnership in addressing climate change must not founder before the looming and renewed threat of the global financial and economic crisis. In the face of that challenge, we must take bold measures. The reform of international financial and economic governance must be expedited. Enhanced coordination of national economic policies is essential. We must learn to step out of our comfort zone and address those critical needs in concert. As emerging economies are now an important engine of global economic growth, they must have a greater opportunity to contribute to promoting solutions. The challenges confronting us are persistent and formidable, but we have the opportunity and the capacity to address them and, most of all, to turn challenges into opportunities. For a start, since those challenges defy national solutions, they can at the same time motivate countries to strike partnerships and build cooperation. In that regard, allow me to highlight two basic points. First, we need to strengthen multilateralism in order to address global challenges. That means the central role of the United Nations. To be able to address new and emerging challenges, and, not least, to identify new opportunities, full support for and reform of the United Nations are key. That is the only way that the United Nations can remain relevant and to ensure that multilateralism flourishes. Through reform, we must ensure that the United Nations and its decision-making processes are more effective, efficient, transparent and inclusive. We must persevere in strengthening the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and their subsidiary organs, as well as the Human Rights Council. We must support the Peacebuilding Commission as it helps countries emerging from conflict. The Security Council must better reflect the current world situation. It should become more representative, more transparent and, thus, more effective. All key issues of United Nations reform should be addressed as integral parts of a comprehensive package. Secondly, cooperation and partnership between the United Nations and regional organizations are key to addressing today’s global challenges. Thus, there should be synergy between global and regional efforts. That is particularly true in conflict prevention and resolution, linked to the theme of this year’s General 29 11-51390 Assembly session, “The role of mediation in the settlement of disputes by peaceful means”. In South-East Asia, as Chair of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), Indonesia has worked ceaselessly to develop the region’s capacity to prevent and to manage potential conflicts, and to resolve them. Our efforts have been focused not only on the further development of ASEAN’s conflict prevention and resolution mechanisms, but also on developing and nurturing the necessary comfort level among ASEAN member States to resort to such mechanisms. As a result, we expect South-East Asia to remain a net contributor to international peace and security, as well as to economic development and prosperity. Beyond its own subregion, anchored in a strong ASEAN Community, we are indeed set to attain those achievements by 2015. ASEAN continues to be the driving force in promoting a regional architecture throughout Asia-Pacific that is conducive to the maintenance of regional peace and stability, which is precisely the kind of conditions that have enabled countries in the region to pursue a development path uninterrupted by wars and conflicts. In the current regional setting, in Indonesia we describe that as conditions that are marked by a dynamic equilibrium, where dominant power is absent owing to a lack of the promotion of block politics and often self-fulfilling geopolitical fault lines. Rather, there exists a new kind of international relations, with its emphasis on common security, common prosperity and common stability. This November, a revamped East Asia Summit will convene in Bali, Indonesia, with the participation of the Russian Federation and the United States for the first time. That will be part of an important regional architecture. As ASEAN builds its Community and continues its central role in maintaining a stable and peaceful environment in the Asia-Pacific region, it sets a new challenge and a new vision for itself, that is, to develop greater cohesion and a common platform on global issues - an ASEAN that is a net contributor to the solution of many of the world’s ills and challenges. That is in keeping with ASEAN’s theme for 2011, “ASEAN Community in a Global Community of Nations”. To conclude, I wish to assure Members of the United Nations that Indonesia will be relentless and unceasing in promoting the ideals embodied in the Charter of the United Nations in promoting peace.