My delegation offers President Al-Nasser its warm congratulations on his unanimous election as President of the General Assembly at the current session and pledges its unconditional support and cooperation in the discharge of his onerous responsibilities. I wish to extend my sincere congratulations to the Secretary-General on his well-deserved re-appointment and express my deep appreciation for his role in enhancing the role of the world Organization as a promoter of peace, security and development. His unanimous re-election to his high post is a testimony to his outstanding leadership of the United Nations over the past five years and a vote of strong confidence in his future endeavours. On behalf of the people of Mongolia, I warmly welcome South Sudan as the 193rd Member of the United Nations. Today the international community finds itself in times of uncertainty. The recovery from the economic and financial crisis has been uneven and sluggish. Its social repercussions have been intensified by persistent unemployment and poverty in many countries. Major natural disasters occur all too often. Unprecedented challenges stemming from climate change continue and remain unaddressed. The world’s population will reach 7 billion next month, and it is a cause of great concern that over a billion still suffer from hunger. The global economic and financial crisis grossly affected our drive to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. A number of international negotiations and mediation efforts on conflict resolution have yet to produce results. In today’s globalized world, these challenges require collective solutions. To this end, the existing governance structure ought to be improved and reformed. The involvement of international organizations is critical to this process. The thematic discussions on enhancing the role of the United Nations in global economic governance and dialogues with the Chairman of the Group of 20, held during the sixty-fifth session of the General Assembly, were the first important step. What we need to do now is to enhance the role and status of the United Nations, including the Economic and Security Council, in global economic decision-making. 19 11-50702 It has also become imperative to ensure full and on-time delivery of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and to formulate the post-2015 development agenda. That agenda should help ensure the meaningful integration of developing countries into the world economy, taking into account the vulnerabilities of landlocked least-developed countries and those susceptible to desertification and climate change. The Doha Development Round of multilateral trade negotiations, stalled for the past decade, has yet to produce positive results towards this end. Every sixth Member of the United Nations is a landlocked developing country whose remoteness from world markets and high transport costs are a major impediment to its development. Along with other members of this group, Mongolia is endeavouring to advance our common interests at the United Nations and in the World Trade Organization. The creation of an international think tank for landlocked developing countries, to be set up in Ulaanbaatar, will unquestionably contribute to greater cooperation in the implementation of the Almaty Programme of Action and our relevant MDGs. I therefore call on all the relevant parties to sign and ratify the multilateral agreement establishing this institution, which will be vitally important to landlocked developing countries. Last year, we reviewed our progress in achieving the MDGs and agreed to strengthen the partnership. Yet, as was shown in the most recent MDG Gap Task Force report, significant gaps remain in delivering on commitments in the areas of aid, trade, debt relief and access to new technologies. For Mongolia, 66 percent of our MDGs are achievable by 2015. But our goals relating to poverty, environmental degradation and gender inequality are seriously off-track and will require stepped-up action on the part of the Government and the enhancement of our bilateral and multilateral partnerships if we are to meet these challenges. Mongolia has been implementing targeted policies and activities aimed at poverty reduction. Alcoholism is one of the serious social ills associated with poverty. As President, I initiated a nationwide movement aimed at stopping alcohol abuse, curbing its consumption and encouraging abstinence that has enjoyed wide public support. With a view to encouraging such movements in other countries, it might be useful to look into the possibility of promulgating an international convention aimed at reducing alcohol consumption. Climate change, drought, land degradation and desertification have emerged as some of the gravest challenges facing humankind. Yesterday’s High-level Meeting on desertification marked an important step forward in finding collective solutions to these challenges. It is a matter of great concern that 2 billion people and about 50 per cent of agricultural land around the globe are affected by desertification, land degradation and drought. We should therefore set up an intergovernmental panel to conduct a comprehensive study on the effects of these phenomena and to identify action-oriented recommendations for affected countries. We look forward to the seventeenth Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, to be held in Durban, South Africa, later this year, to discuss a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the development of green economies. I believe that the global transition to a green economy is critically important for mitigating climate change and halting desertification, land degradation, ecosystem destruction and the loss of biodiversity, and that these in turn will help reduce poverty. Financial assistance and expertise are vital to developing countries, including my own, in their efforts to develop a green economy through the introduction of green technologies and by building national capacity in energy production, construction and agriculture. I trust that the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development will produce results that can take us further down this road. As a country highly vulnerable to the impact of climate change, Mongolia is supportive of global efforts to combat its negative effects. With that in view, Mongolia will host the Asia-Europe Environment Ministers’ Meeting on Sustainable Water and Forest Management in 2012. The past year has witnessed dramatic transformations. The Arab Spring has brought freedom to millions, but it is far from over. The revolution for freedom is not the hardest social change to make. Building and developing a free, open and fair civic society is even more difficult. That is what our ancestors taught us, and these lessons have been reinforced during our own democratic transformation 11-50702 20 over the past 20 years. Let me cite here the visionary teaching of the founder of the great Mongolian State, Chinggis Khaan, who was rightly chosen as the Man of the Millennium. Chinggis Khaan once said that conquering the world on horseback is easy; it is dismounting and governing that is much harder. The revolution for freedom is fought and won by the combined efforts of thousands of people. However, in one way or another, it is each and every person who pays the price for freedom. It is my firm belief that notwithstanding any challenges it faces, freedom is the future of all humankind. Beginning in July, Mongolia assumed the honourable and responsible duties of President of the Community of Democracies, an organization geared to promoting and strengthening democratic norms and values around the world. During its presidency over the next two years, Mongolia will give priority to promoting education for democracy and good governance, eliminating corruption, building partnerships with civil society and consolidating regional cooperation. Over the past 20 years of our own democratic changes, Mongolia has fundamentally transformed its former political, social and economic systems and laid down all the necessary foundations for new democratic governance, promoting and protecting a market economy, free elections, freedom of the press and civil society. We feel rightly proud of these accomplishments. We are fully aware, however, that many things are far from perfect and that a lot more must be done to nurture democratic values in every citizen. Most of all, we must consolidate accountable and transparent governance, free from corruption and secured by an independent judiciary. Such governance should be more responsive to the needs of ordinary citizens, serve them, abide by the rule of law and the principle of impartiality, and have proper checks and balances. In short, we are striving to develop a system of governance that values its people and treats them with dignity and respect. To address these challenges and threats to democracy and an open society, we are implementing a Mongolia-specific MDG 9 on democratic governance, human rights and zero tolerance for corruption. Within this goal, we are endeavouring to make our governance open and transparent; hence our full support for the Open Government Partnership initiative. I would also like to call on all Member States attempting to improve their governance at the national level to join the Zero Tolerance for Corruption Campaign. The Arab Spring will be followed by the Arab Challenge. Although the democratic process is a homegrown phenomenon, it should be supported by international cooperation. Here, I have a message for the industrialized democratic countries: Do not withdraw from the battle. Democratization does not mean Westernization, however. Democracy should develop naturally, in line with the historical, cultural and development specifics of a given country. Nonetheless, respect for freedom, justice and human rights and strict observance of the rule of law are common to all successful and responsible democracies. Bad governance is the worst problem of all, and any aspirations to improve and streamline it should therefore be strongly supported at all times. Libya has entered a new era as a result of the relentless courage and patience of the rebels, who persevered for many months in their struggle for freedom, human rights and democracy. Colonel Al-Qadhafi called his fellow countrymen “rats” who should be brutally hunted down and exterminated. Now he himself is being hunted like a rat from hole to hole and trench to trench. That is the fate that awaits anyone who represses people’s love for freedom and their desire to live in dignity. Respectful of the aspirations of the Libyan people, Mongolia has recognized the National Transitional Council and offers its full support to Libya’s transition towards democracy, justice and human rights. The international community should not shy away from condemning the regime of Syria’s Bashar Al-Assad, who has inhumanly and brutally chosen the way of bloodshed to crack down on peaceful, freedom- and justice-craving protesters by using combat vehicles, snipers and military force. Let us unanimously demand that he end his atrocities. We must make the necessary decision to that effect without delay, and help the courageous people of Syria, who are losing dozens of their brave sons and daughters every day. The love of freedom is the greatest force in this world. No tyranny, not even the cruellest regime, can resist it forever. I direct these words to the authorities 21 11-50702 of Yemen and dictators seeking to suppress their citizens’ fight for freedom. It was a timely decision to make “The role of mediation in the settlement of disputes by peaceful means” the main theme of this general debate. The main purpose of the United Nations is to settle disputes by peaceful means. We commend the skilful diplomacy of the Secretary-General and his envoys in resolving disputes and conflicts in various corners of the world. Member States need to work together to strengthen the United Nations capacity to that end. North-East Asia is a region where mediation activities can be vigorously pursued. The region still lacks a formal mechanism for building confidence and strengthening regional cooperation. Therefore, we believe that Mongolia’s proposal to set up a permanent mechanism to promote peace and stability in North- East Asia remains valid. We are ready to consult with relevant countries to move forward with out proposal. On 11 September 10 years ago, terrorists tore down the twin towers, but they failed to tear down the spirit of freedom they represented, and they will never succeed in doing that. Mongolia stands with the international community in its fight against terrorism as a party to all of the United Nations conventions to combat terrorism. We need to reinvigorate our resolve to attain a world free of nuclear weapons and to exploit nuclear power solely for peaceful purposes. We were reminded of the urgency and importance of strengthening the safety and security of nuclear reactors by the tragic accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant last March. We commend the Secretary-General’s initiative to hold a high-level meeting tomorrow to strengthen international measures for nuclear safety and security around the world. The 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons gave renewed impetus for expanding nuclear weapon-free zones around the world. The proposed nuclear weapon-free zone in the Middle East would contribute to the promotion of world peace. Mongolia continues to work on further strengthening its internationally recognized nuclear weapon-free status. To this end, we are holding consultations with nuclear Powers. From the highly esteemed rostrum of the General Assembly, I would like to underscore that there should be no doubt that Mongolia will never accede to the dumping of nuclear waste on its territory. It should go without saying that, in today’s world, any attempt to enforce such decisions would undoubtedly fail. It is of historic importance to us that the observance of the fiftieth anniversary of Mongolia’s joining this global Organization coincides with this session of the General Assembly. On 27 October 1961, Mongolia became a full Member of the United Nations. It has opened new frontiers of active engagement with the international community for the global good. Furthermore, this year Mongolia is marking the 2,220th anniversary of its statehood, centenaries of regaining its independence and the establishment of a modern diplomatic service, as well as the ninetieth anniversary of the people’s revolution. Over the past five decades, cooperation between Mongolia and the United Nations has expanded both in scope and substance. Today Mongolia is a party to more than 240 multilateral conventions and enjoys membership in over 110 international organizations. United Nations assistance and cooperation have been instrumental in developing human resources and capacity-building, developing education, health and information technology, reducing poverty and developing an adequate response to natural disasters. For its part, Mongolia has also endeavoured to contribute where it could to the joint efforts of the international community. My delegation is pleased to recall that, at the initiative of Mongolia, the General Assembly adopted the Declaration on the Rights of Peoples to Peace, the principles and guidelines for international negotiations, resolutions on the annual observance of Disarmament Week, the United Nations Literacy Decade and resolutions relating to cooperatives, rural women and landlocked developing countries. Mongolian troops have courageously served in the blue United Nations helmet in many hotspots around the world, including in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Western Sahara, South Sudan, Eritrea, Georgia, Sierra Leone, Chad and Darfur. All in all, over the past five decades Mongolia has been faithful to its obligations under the Charter and striven to be an active Member State. We stand strongly committed to further contributing to the multifaceted activities of the United Nations. I am pleased to announce our decision to present our 11-50702 22 candidature for a non-permanent seat on the Security Council for the term 2023-2024 at the elections to be held at the seventy-seventh session of the General Assembly, and humbly seek members’ valuable support. The contribution and leadership of the United Nations in maintaining international peace, security and promoting sustainable development continue to grow. In this respect, I call on the General Assembly to develop relevant solutions and decisions at this session aimed at supporting the aspirations of countries and peoples to better livelihoods. The day-to-day activities of the United Nations are of paramount importance to the cause of creating a safe, free and just life for humankind, in which everyone may enjoy integrity and dignity. We are confident that the United Nations will succeed in its continued reform efforts to this end.