United Arab Emirates

Allow me at the outset to express on behalf of the delegation of the United Arab Emirates our warmest congratulations to Mr, Hollai on his election to the presidency of the current session of the General Assembly. I am confident that his long experience in the field of international relations will be a positive factor in directing our deliberations and work towards the goals we have gathered here to achieve. I should also like to express our greatest appreciation for the tireless efforts of his predecessor, Mr. Kittani, to reconcile various points of view and to search for satisfactory solutions to numerous problems brought before the Assembly at the previous session and the special and emergency sessions. I further wish to express my deep gratitude to the Secretary-General for his continued efforts to strengthen the foundations and principles on which the United Nations was established. I appreciate his sound analysis of the obstacles facing the United Nations, along with his serious attempt to strengthen the ability of the Organization to perform its tasks as well as to solve international problems. 55. The Secretary-General has pointed out in his report on the work of the Organization the difficulties that the United Nations is facing in playing its role effectively and decisively, particularly with regard to the maintenance of international peace and security, since it represents an ideal forum in the conduct of negotiations for peaceful settlement of international disputes. In this connection, I fully agree with the unequivocal reference in the report that for our most urgent goal is to reconstruct the Charter concept of collective action for peace and security so as to render the United Nations more capable of carrying out its primary function. It is incumbent upon all Government to commit themselves to that sound approach, without which the logic of force will prevail and States, especially the smaller ones, will consequently be exposed to only dangers that threaten their security, safety and territorial integrity. This situation is not a myth; rather, it is a fact and it is sharply and tragically represented in the area of the Middle East, specifically in a Lebanon in agony. 56. The events in Lebanon have underscored the fact that the method of force and fait accomplis to which Israel resorts cannot achieve security and stability. The question of Palestine stands clearly before the international community in spite of the attempts by the Tel Aviv leaders to emasculate it with their military machine. Obviously the Israeli invasion of Lebanon and the continued Israeli occupation of Lebanese territory both reflect the quagmire into which Israel's employment of its military might to cover up its political failure and international isolation have led it. 57. The United Arab Emirates, as a peace-loving Arab State, expresses its revulsion at and strong condemnation of the ugly massacre perpetrated against the Palestinians at the Sabra and Shatila camps by the Zionist occupation forces. It appeals to all Member States, and especially to the great Powers, to take serious action to stop Israeli aggression against the Lebanese and Palestinian peoples and to work for the immediate and international withdrawal of the Israeli forces of aggression from all Lebanese territory, M order to preserve Lebanon's independence and territorial integrity and accordance with resolutions of the Security Council and other international bodies. 58. In this connection, I cannot fail to stress the responsibility of the United States of America as a sponsor of and partner in the conclusion of the agreement that led to the evacuation of the Palestinian fighters from Beirut and the guaranteed the safety of the Palestinian in the refugee camps as well as the civilian potation of West Beirut. Any reliance on the part of the United State, of America would constitute a violation of Us political, contractual and moral obligations. We ask the United States to do its utmost, based on its obligations in this regard, to prevent the recurrence of crimes such as those committed in Lebanon, crimes unprecedented in contemporary to force Israel to withdraw unconfidently from Lebanese territory. 59. The PLO emergence from an unequal war victorious in its perseverance, flexibility and ability to negotiate from a position of right and its responsiveness to international resolutions demonstrate its desire to reach a just and peaceful solution unlike Israel, which has proved that it is an aggressive entity that does not respect international resolutions, norms or rules. The PLO emerged from the conflict more determined than ever to restore the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people, despite the Israeli illusion that its war in Lebanon would destroy the Palestinian people and hence the Palestinian cause. 60. The shameful Israeli policies and practices reflected in its flagrant defiance of United Nations resolutions and its use of armed violence to attain illegal goals call for the reconsideration of its membership in the United Nations. Israel has unequivocally demonstrated, by the heinous massacre it committed in Lebanon and by its continued inhuman and illegal practices in the occupied Arab territories, that it is a Member that is neither able nor willing to carry out its elementary obligations of membership under the Charter. Its membership in the United Nations and all other international organizations should therefore be reconsidered. 61. President Reagan's initiative for peace in the Middle East represents progress in the American position, however, we hope that this position can evolve positively towards the recognition of the rights of the Palestinian people and their legitimate representative, the PLO, so that the Palestinian people may exercise their national rights to self-determination and the establishment of an independent State. In order to attain this objective, which is based on the noble purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter, I urge the United States Government to reconsider its military and political support of Israel. Recent events have confirmed that such support is the backbone of Israel's arrogance, intransigence, continued aggression against the Arab people, especially the Palestinian and Lebanese peoples, and rejection of all peace initiatives. 62. My delegation reaffirms that the just solution of Middle East problem lies in solving the Palestinian question on the basis of the following principles; first, complete and unconditional Israeli withdrawal from all the occupied Arab territories, including Holy Jerusalem; secondly, enabling Palestinian people to exercise their inalienable rights, including their right to return to their homeland, to self-determination, to national independence and to full sovereignty through the establishment of an independent State on their national soil and, thirdly, participation on an equal footing of the PLO, the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people, in any endeavors, efforts or conferences to settle this question. The conclusions reached at the Twelfth Arab Summit Conference underscore the principles that determine the just and comprehensive framework for the solution of the Palestinian question. 63. Israel's rejection of the proposed options, whether advanced by the Arabs or by others, is nothing more than blackmail and an attempt to influence the current trend of international thinking. The comprehensive Arab peace plan, which is based on international legitimacy, forces the world to face its imperative responsibilities for attaining a just peace in the region. The plan does not address itself to any particular international party; rather, it addresses all peace-loving parties by assigning a highly important role to the Organization and to the members of the Security Council in supervising the guarantees for peace. 64. My country is concerned about the war between Iraq and the Islamic Republic of Iran that broke out over two years ago and that is draining the human, military and economic resources of both countries. Moreover, that war threatens the security and stability of the Gulf region, which is of world-wide strategic and economic importance. The continuation of this war does not serve the interest of either country or of the international community. In this connection, my country commends the concrete response of Iraq with regard to ending the war in the interest of both countries and of the region as well, and particularly the withdrawal of its forces to the international borders. That initiative won the appreciation of the international community as a step towards rapidly ending the conflict. We also commend the efforts made by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, by the Organization of the Islamic Conference and by the non-aligned movement, as well as all the other international efforts made to restore peace and work for conciliation between those two Moslem countries and to establish new foundations for relations between them on the basis of peace, good-neighborliness and mutual respect, which are conducive to the welfare and safety of the region. We hope that Iran will respond to these initiatives designed to end the bloodshed and achieve peace in the region. 65. In recent decades the Indian Ocean region has been a centre of rivalry among the great Powers bent on establishing spheres of influence; that is due to its economic and strategic importance. As a State which is adjacent to that ocean we are deeply concerned about the continued escalation of tension in the area. We support General Assembly resolution 2832 (XXVI), the Declaration of the Indian Ocean as a Zone of Peace. In that regard, we cannot but express o r regret that the attitude of some States has led to the postponement of the international conference which had been scheduled to be convened :n Sri Lanka in 1981 for the purpose of adopting the measures necessary for the implementation, particularly by the super-Powers, of that Declaration 66. The continued presence of foreign forces in Afghanistan, despite the numerous appeals made by the United Nations and other organizations for the immediate withdrawal of foreign forces, is preventing the Afghan people from choosing its Government by means of free elections: a choice which it must be able to make without the least foreign interference. 67. That military presence jeopardizes the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of that country as a non-aligned State. The Government of my country has repeatedly condemned the foreign intervention in Afghanistan as a flagrant violation of the Charter and as an act of aggression against human rights and the freedom of peoples. We affirm that there should be a comprehensive political solution based on full respect for Afghanistan's independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and non-aligned status. 68. With regard to Cyprus, it seems to us that the holding of negotiations between the two communities constitutes one of the fundamental conditions for reaching a just settlement of the crisis which that State is experiencing. In this connection, the United Nations should continue, through the Secretary- General, its efforts to help the two c <n unities reach some understanding and to provide conditions which would be conducive to the restoration of peace. 69. Since its inception, the United Nations has worked to secure respect of the right of all peoples to self-determination and independence in accordance with their hopes, aspirations and interests. Although most peoples of the world have gained their independence, some Territories are still under colonial domination, notably in southern Africa, where the Government of South Africa persists in its racist policy notwithstanding the international condemna-tion of that policy as a crime against humanity. The denial to the people of South Africa of the ability to exercise their fundamental right of self-determination constitutes a violation of the most important principles of the Charter and of United Nations resolutions, as well as a grave challenge to the international community. 70. The continued economic, military and political co-operation which that racialist regime receives from certain States Members of the United Nations is what encourages it in its intransigence. My Government considers Security Council resolution 435 (1978) to be the soundest framework for the resolution of the question of Namibia. It reaffirms the basic responsibility towards that Territory which the United Nations has held since the termination of the South African Mandate in 1966. The Security Council should impose sanctions on South Africa and adopt the necessary measures envisaged in Chapter VII of the Charter. 71. My delegation affirms its support for the legitimate struggle waged by the South West Africa People's Organization [SWAPO] for self-determination and independence for the Namibian people. It strongly condemns the repeated acts of aggression carried out by South Africa against neighbouring States. 72. The deterioration of the climate of confidence in international relations has led to the continuation of the arms race, which constitutes a serious threat to the whole human race. Despite the declaration of the First Disarmament Decade, and the Programme of Action adopted by the tenth special session of the General Assembly, the first devoted to disarmament, little progress has been made in this field because of the absence of political will on the part of the big Powers. The failure of the recent disarmament session is clear evidence of that fact. 73. We believe the , while disarmament may be the concern of all States, the responsibility for halting the arms race falls primarily on the shoulders of the big Powers, which are the ones producing nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction. The declarations by the United Nations of nuclear-free zones represent a significant contribution to the creation of a climate of peace and security in the world. The possession of nuclear weapons by States which do not respect the norms of international behavior and the provisions of international conventions, and which violate the United Nations resolutions, truly constitutes a serious threat to international peace and security. General and complete disarmament under international control remains a prerequisite for a general atmosphere of confidence, for reducing the dangers of tension in the world, and for the removal of the obstacles to channeling huge material resources into economic and social development, for the purpose of attaining prosperity and better living conditions for all mankind. 74. The results achieved at the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea during its last session held in April at United Nations Headquarters here in New York, namely, the approval by the overwhelming majority of the States of the world of the consolidated text of the Convention on the Law of the Sea/ which sets forth a comprehensive legal system for the peaceful exploitation of the seas for various purposes, especially maritime and economic onesówas the product of a comprehensive compromise which harmonized differing interests and points of view in the light of the principle of the for common heritage of mankind ' adopted by the United Nations many years ago. The success attained may be attributed to the United Nations, which endorsed the call to hold the Conference: to the Secretary-General, who sponsored it throughout its many sessions over several years; and to effective participation in the Conference, particularly by the Group of 77, which exerted commendable efforts in favor of conciliation. 75. Noting with deep concern the extent of the deterioration of the world economy, my country considers that it is necessary to reconsider the existing international economic order so as to make it more just and equitable, in the interest of humanity. The world economy is still confronted with problems regarding economic growth, international trade, and the continuing rise in the rates of inflation and unemployment. Therefore, international co-operation should be strengthened and arduous efforts should be exerted to cope with this deteriorating situation which threatens not only the developing countries, but also the economies of the industrialized States, since the world has become closely interdependent in the various political, economic and social fields. The inter-related nature of the world's economic problems calls for total rather than partial solutions. The industrialized States should be aware of this fact and should effectively contribute to reforming the current world financial and economic order. They should also favorably consider the proposals made by the developing countries, which hope for a further positive contribution to the development of their economies, which suffer from continued recession, stagnation and balance-of-payments deficits. Co-operation among developing countries in solving these problems should be considered as a supplement rather than an alternative to co-operation between the North and the South. It does not relieve the industrialized States of their responsibilities and duties towards the developing countries. Such responsibilities require that the industrialized States adjust the policies currently controlling commodity and service markets, with a view to presenting long-term solutions which give special attention to strengthening food security. 76. As a third world country, the United Arab Emirates requires various resources to develop its economy and to provide for the welfare of its people, yet it plays a concrete role in extending assistance to other third world countries through the financial mechanisms that it has established for that purpose. Most notable among these mechanisms are the Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development, created in 1971 to provide foreign assistance, in addition to assistance for development from other sources, such as the Special Fund of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, and the Arab Bank for African Development. 77. My country fully recognizes that the hope of solutions to the various international financial and economic problems lies in the credibility of a constructive North-South dialogue. The positive response of the participants in the June Versailles Economic Summit to the proposals made by the Group of 77 is an encouraging factor. We hope that the Versailles group will respond quickly to the proposals recently submitted by the Group of 77, which are considered a great concession, made to facilitate the progress of those negotiations. The present condition of the world economy makes more necessary than ever before the restructuring by the international community of the fundamental factors which control economic and social progress throughout the world and especially the development of the States of the third world. 78. Despite this gloomy international picture, I stress my country's full confidence in the ideals and principles of the Charter as an ideal framework for permanent consultation and dialogue to resolve the problems of the world by peaceful means. In this connection, I should like to urge the United Nations to do its utmost to play the fundamental role assigned to it by the Charter and to create conditions conducive to peace, harmony, progress and prosperity for all nations.