Today, I am honoured as I congratulate you, Madam President, on your election as the first Arab woman to ever preside over this body, hoping that this heralds a new era of better understanding of women’s aspirations and Arab causes. I would also like to thank the Secretary-General, Mr. Kofi Annan, for all that he has done for Lebanon and for the cause of peace in the region and the world as a whole. I stand before the Assembly representing a terribly scarred country, a country whose ordeal is well known to members — my ravaged country, Lebanon. From 12 July through 14 August, my country was subjected to a barbarous aggression and to a rarely seen campaign of savage dismemberment, when hundreds of fighter jets emptied their loads of heavy and banned bombs, targeting mostly civilians, killing and maiming thousands, and destroying everything that made Lebanon a viable State. Obviously, this was a premeditated Israeli “sentence” to destroy my country and everything it stood for, it having been blessed and termed by His Holiness Pope John Paul II a “unique message to humanity,” that we can live together. This aggression became even more cruel when it won the tacit approbation of certain great powers. Regrettably, the Security Council looked powerless in its attempts to stop the slaughter of Lebanon’s children and protect the peace in Lebanon and the Middle East. It took over a month and numerous calls for an immediate ceasefire for all those concerned to finally force a mere cessation of hostilities, which is yet to become a formal and final ceasefire. It becomes self-evident for us to question the credibility of the United Nations in light of the Secretary-General’s acknowledgment that the delays in adopting Security Council resolution 1701 (2006) did indeed harm its credibility. Moreover, we cannot but have serious doubts as to this Organization’s ability to safeguard world peace when its resolutions are subjected to the vagaries of a very few world powers. Today I ask: How many children, like the one in the photograph that I am holding up, will die because nobody does anything for them? How many children was this evil, vengeful machine of destruction supposed to have killed, before the world community decided to respond in defence of a “rightful” cause? Allow us to ask these questions, as we are filled with a deep sense of grief, when scores of our fallen citizens are still beneath the rubble. Let me reassure the Assembly that this savagery did not weaken our people’s resolve nor shake its resilience as it rallied around its army and Government and embraced its national resistance, whose men faced occupation forces with epic valour, preventing their advance, and presenting Lebanon with yet another victory, in the name of justice and dignity. While we stand under the United Nations umbrella to warn the world of the dire consequences we shall all face when the very foundations of this world body are shaken, it is also time to ask Israel, which owes its very existence to a United Nations resolution, to finally abide by past and recent resolutions. As of 14 August this year, Lebanon has once again, without a shadow of a doubt, reasserted the fact that it is a nation that respects its commitments, while it implements international resolutions and proceeds to deploy 15,000 Lebanese army soldiers on the border between Lebanon and Israel — while Israel continues its daily breaches of Security Council resolution 1701 (2006), having imposed a humiliating siege on Lebanon, and refusing to withdraw from the Lebanese territory in the Shaba’a farms sector, whose liberation remains Lebanon’s sacred right and duty. To this day, Israel continues to treat the people of Lebanon as hostages, kidnapping at will scores of its citizens, in a flagrant breach of that resolution. Finally, Israel refuses to surrender to the United Nations the maps showing thousands of mines it left behind on Lebanese territory, while the case and fate of Lebanon’s prisoners in Israel remains very ambiguous, and no clear resolution of their ordeal is addressed anywhere. Today, for the sake of peace, the world community is called upon to save Security Council resolution 1701 (2006) from oblivion, a fate that characterized scores of previous resolutions. 9 06-52988 Here, on behalf of a grateful country, I solemnly salute the fallen soldiers of peace who will hence share their obituary with that of our brave army soldiers and of our valiant resistance fighters, victims of prohibited weaponry, first tested by Israel on our soil and subject to an international investigation. We are hopeful that this time the world community will allow the investigation to reach its natural conclusion. This will constitute a clear indictment of Israel for its recurring violations of international conventions and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. We also hope that the United States will not resort to its unfailing veto, thus allowing for the indictment of Israel’s actions in sympathy for the thousands of innocent civilians who were killed and maimed by the “smart”, cluster and phosphorus bombs, and those laced with depleted uranium. Inspired by the principles and treaties of the United Nations, Lebanon retains the right of action to prosecute Israel before the competent bodies, most notably this Assembly, or the International Criminal Court, and to request the appropriate reparations for all the catastrophes Israel has inflicted on Lebanon. I ask the Assembly today to stand by my country, as that will be recorded as a just and rightful stance. I also call upon it to differentiate between he who defends his country against Israeli aggression and occupation, and who strives to liberate his countrymen from decades of unlawful imprisonment, and those elements that perpetrate acts of wanton slaughter against their countrymen and others equally. I remind the Assembly that Lebanon’s experience with the scourge of terror goes back a long way, and has taken a very heavy toll on its armed forces. The most recent aggression against Lebanon has left this small country terribly scarred, afflicted with thousands of dead and wounded, and a toll of destruction including several thousand housing units and hundreds of bridges, ports, airports and factories. And my message is: the will of our people to live and move forward has proved to be much stronger than defeat and despair. In record time, the people of Lebanon launched a campaign of reconstruction, made even more successful by instant comforting gestures of goodwill from many friends, at home and abroad. With such overwhelming support and assistance Lebanon will beat all the odds by achieving a stellar rebirth, thereby scoring another point in favour of humanity. There is ample talk today of the need to reach a permanent and comprehensive peace in the Middle East, which Lebanon has stressed for decades. However, we are quick to point out that no such peace can be achieved in the Middle East without addressing the root cause of instability there, namely, the Arab- Israeli dispute and its core issue, Palestine. Despite the horrid events in Lebanon, a window of opportunity has presented itself, and it should be fully exploited in order to reinvigorate the Middle East peace initiative, founded on the Arab peace initiative adopted during the Beirut Arab Summit of 2002. The Arab peace initiative remains the suitable means to achieve a permanent, comprehensive and just peace, because it simply calls for the implementation of all United Nations resolutions as they pertain to the withdrawal of Israel from all occupied Arab lands, and for the return of Palestinian refugees to their homes. Only such a settlement will be capable of affording Lebanon and the neighbouring countries the stability and security they long for and will give Israel a sense of security — something it has failed to obtain through sheer force and aggression. Moreover, this should put an end to the haemorrhage in the Palestinian territories and foster moderation where despair has bred extremism and violence, most notably in Iraq, where it is vital for all of us to help that tortured Arab nation preserve its territorial integrity and the unity of its people. Today there is incessant talk of a new Middle East as a harbinger of better things to come, and this prompts us to ask the following question. Is what we have witnessed in Lebanon and continue to see in Palestine and Iraq conducive to an environment of peace and tranquillity? Is this much heralded new Middle East attainable only through widespread strife, unimaginable bloodshed, sedition and oppression? Our conception of a new Middle East is one that is coherent with United Nations resolutions, and that is in concurrence with the principles of justice and right as stipulated in those resolutions. Our idea of a new Middle East is one where a comprehensive peace settlement becomes reality, guaranteeing the rights of all; where Palestinian refugees return home, as stipulated in resolution 194 (III), which comes long before Security Council resolution 1701 (2006), and therefore are not resettled in host countries; and where prisoners return to their loved ones. 06-52988 10 This is the only way to attain a stable Middle East. All else will plunge our region into further upheaval and bloodshed. Should our conception of peace in the Middle East become reality, I assure the Assembly that the need for conferences, studies and discussions of terrorism will become moot. Should this happen in tandem with serious attempts to combat poverty and sustain acceptable levels of development in areas of need, this will certainly dry up the pools where terrorism draws its human and financial support. I have recently read one of your statements, Madam President, in which you emphasize that overhauling the United Nations will be one of your top priorities. I commend you for that position, because no one appreciates the need for world peace more than the people of the Middle East, as we recognize that the preservation of world peace requires a United Nations capable of taking decisions and competent to see them through. Here, I would like to reiterate what I said from this very rostrum only last year: “The core values of a democratic and just world are best served by enhancing the capabilities of the United Nations and its instruments, and by reinforcing in-house democratic values.” (A/60/PV.13, p.1) I believed that this institution should remain a sanctuary of world consciousness and “the primary defender of such human values as freedom, justice and peace.” (ibid) Perhaps the reforms that have been carried out so far, such as the establishment of a Human Rights Council and the Peacebuilding Commission, will constitute the necessary incentives for achieving a United Nations capable of safeguarding right and justice. Taking into consideration current trends in world affairs, I propose to the General Assembly the creation of a commission leading to laying the foundations of a charter of the rights of nations, a charter equal in importance to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a charter imposing on Member States — all States — a code of conduct founded on the principles of justice and the rule of law. I come here from a country riddled with scars, rising from the rubble and ashes of aggression, to speak of justice. I do not pretend to pontificate from the helm of a tank. Lebanon remains a peace-loving nation, and it extends its hand to all those who share its peaceful vision, founded on a just settlement and extracting as such the seeds of oppression and violence. We trust that the forces of good will prevail in the end, because its flames burn in the heart of the righteous and because the sounds of jubilation will undoubtedly prevail over the beating of war drums and the sibilating of hate and violence.