Let me start by congratulating you on your election, Madam President, and by wishing you every success in the coming months of hard work. The outgoing president of the General Assembly, Mr. Eliasson, left an impressive track record of progress on a number of reform issues. It is my expectation that you will continue to meet the high standards set by him. Behind many of the changes here at the United Nations over the past decade we have noted the light and decent hand of one distinguished person, Mr. Kofi Annan. As he prepares to leave his position at the helm of the Secretariat, I would like to take this opportunity to thank him most cordially for all he has done. He has made it very difficult and challenging for his successor to do the job with the same vigour, skill and dedication. To choose the right successor to the Secretary- General will definitely not be an easy task, but I do not want to leave the Hall without stating clearly the preferences of my country. No one from my own regional group has thus far occupied this important post. We think that time has come to seriously consider such an option. Mrs. Vaira Vike-Freiberga of Latvia is an excellent candidate who qualifies perfectly well for the position of Secretary-General. She can count on our full support. Let me also welcome a new Member of the United Nations, the Republic of Montenegro, whose presence here brings us closer to the goal of a truly universal United Nations. The President of Finland spoke on behalf of the European Union (EU) a few days ago. The Czech Republic fully associates itself with that statement. The EU has made an enormous effort to contribute to the preparations for this session, and my country was an integral and active part of that process. I shall therefore limit myself to sharing with the Assembly just a few ideas and comments on issues that are at the forefront of our interests. I strongly believe that all of us want the world to be a safer place. That is the bottom line. Yet, the absence of safety and security seems to be almost omnipresent. There is a lack of support for billions of people suffering from hunger and disease in developing countries. There is a lack of protection for many people exposed to various environmental risks and natural hazards. There is a widening debate regarding energy security. There is lack of freedom and dignity for many women and men living under oppression. There is a lack of peace, and a sense of vulnerability vis-à-vis all kinds of armed conflict. 06-53952 2 On top of all that there is the ominous threat of terrorism — often fed by Islamist extremists — which is creating fear and striking targets around the world, including their very own countries. All that makes it imperative for us to continue to adapt our security systems; otherwise we will not be able to face that threat. And we need to be efficient. To make the world a better and safer place is a complex challenge. It involves individual States as well as various international organizations. But, at the global level, the role of the United Nations in responding to that challenge is irreplaceable. The Millennium Summit of 2000 and the 2005 World Summit contributed enormously to shaping our agenda to that effect by, inter alia, balancing security, development and human rights concerns. We know what should be done. But we often fail to deliver because our collective will is not strong enough to support the implementation of designed measures and actions. We often know the diagnosis. We know the right remedy. And, yet, we are unable to apply it. Two weeks ago, we commemorated the fifth anniversary of the horrible terrorist attacks against not only the United States but, dare I say, against our shared values. The world after 9/11 is not what it was, and the United Nations has had to adapt accordingly. On the eve of that chilling anniversary, we succeeded in adopting the landmark United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy (resolution 60/288), building on previous efforts by both the Security Council and the General Assembly. I hope that the Strategy will provide more than guidance, and that it will become a real tool that provides real help for those who fight the scourge of terrorism in the field. There is general agreement that the international community and the United Nations should do much more for States and territories recovering from conflict and disorder. We now have the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission. There is a spirit of hope that the Commission will lead the efforts in generating both the political will and the means to assist countries in post-conflict environments while promoting the rule of law and democratic values and preventing those countries from slipping back into conflict. The Czech Republic stands ready to assume its duties as a member of the Commission beginning in January 2007. Peacebuilding has to maintain strong ties with peacekeeping. Indeed, we are facing a surge in demand for that service provided by the United Nations, with Lebanon as the most recent example. But even if the number of Blue Helmets were to be multiplied, there would still be room for meaningful engagement with regional organizations in assisting the United Nations to maintain peace and security. I welcome recent debates on the role of those organizations, which already shoulder a fair part of the burden in Afghanistan, the Balkans, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Sudan. From our trans-Atlantic perspective, I particularly applaud the intensifying cooperation among the United Nations, the EU and NATO. I am proud to say that my country plays an active part in that regard. We have a strong presence in the Kosovo Force and the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan. We are prepared to explore other forms of support where we are not directly involved. It was very unfortunate that last year’s Summit was not able to find common language on disarmament and non-proliferation. The uncontrolled spread of the illicit trafficking in conventional weapons, their use against civilian populations and the deadly existence of landmines all serve to continue to fuel conflict, human suffering and insecurity around the world. My country supports all efforts — as well as several programmes — aimed at bringing the arms trade and the use of arms under strong controls. But there is an even greater threat: the possible proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. We welcome the fact that the Security Council is increasingly engaged in those matters. Council resolution 1540 (2004) was a major step forward. It was recently followed up by strong messages addressed to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and Iran. Both those countries should fully comply with the nuclear non-proliferation regimes and abandon any ambitions going beyond the peaceful use of nuclear power. There is no freedom or security where masses of people are plagued by poverty, hunger and unhealthy living conditions. The Government of the Czech Republic therefore attaches great importance to development cooperation and to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Following the economic transformation of the 1990s, we have steadily increased our development aid every year. For example, in 2005 Czech development assistance increased by 16 per cent in real terms — reaching a 3 06-53952 level of 0.11 per cent of our gross national income. That likely makes us the leading country providing development assistance among new EU members. Our humanitarian aid grew even more sharply and we are determined to continue that trend. My country also supports other measures that could provide additional assistance — a fair solution to the debt problem for poor countries, limiting agricultural subsidies and creating more open conditions for trade. In that, we associate ourselves with the goal of a global partnership for development. Development assistance is more effective in an environment of stable and predictable conditions, the rule of law, democratic structures, a successful fight against corruption and respect for human rights — not to mention that those qualities attract donors as they are inherently worth supporting and cultivating. The attention paid to those issues by the United Nations has grown significantly over the last decade, resulting, inter alia, in the establishment of the United Nations Democracy Fund last year. My country was one of the first contributors to the Fund. We are thus on the right track, and I feel that we should go even further along that road. It was also decided at the United Nations Summit last year — as part of the overall United Nations reform — to transform and upgrade the Commission on Human Rights, which became the Human Rights Council. We have to work hard with others in Geneva, to make it a beam of hope for millions of people living under oppression and deprived of their rights in different parts of the world. However, the transformation of the United Nations human rights machinery will be a failure, unless the new body is stronger and more effective than the old one, unless it succeeds in enhancing its special procedures and country-oriented activities, unless it finds the ways and means to respond where it is needed, and unless it secures full international cooperation in enforcing elementary standards of fundamental human rights. Regimes that behave contrary to all democratic principles, use their power against their own citizens, imprison their opponents arbitrarily and violate elementary standards of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights must be confronted with an efficient system. It is one of the sad ironies of our time that Aung San Suu Kyi remains under house arrest in Myanmar, 15 years after being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. We cannot remain silent when members of peaceful democratic opposition in Cuba, who are calling for national dialogue and reconciliation, are still jailed and harassed as alleged enemies of the State. We also have to raise our voice of solidarity when a presidential candidate of democratic forces in the recent presidential elections in Belarus, Aleksandr Kozulin, is sentenced to a term in prison for alleged incitement to disorder. Over several years, “reform” was one of the most frequent and often misused words in our United Nations vocabulary. But, even skeptics must admit that the United Nations in 2006 is profoundly different from the United Nations 10 year ago. While some reform projects were put aside, a number of others were carried out. Some projects — most notably the long overdue reform of the Security Council — continue, however, to wait for the green light. This year’s highlight is management reform and the reform of the United Nations development machinery in the interest of system-wide coherence. If we succeed in those areas, the United Nations could become stronger, leaner, less bureaucratic and more operational. Let us hope, that the changes will be backed by the adoption of a new and fairer scale of assessments, by adequate budget and payment discipline, and last but not least, by progress in implementing the Capital Master Plan. In conclusion, let me assure you, Madam President, that my country is ready to fulfil, in a timely and orderly manner, all its obligations as a Member of the United Nations, including our increased share of the overall budget and our contributions to the peacekeeping operations. We acknowledge and honour our share of responsibility. More than that — we continue to increase our volume of humanitarian aid and to engage ourselves in assisting peace and security in a number of areas around the world. I believe that qualifies my country as a strong candidate for an elected seat on the United Nations Security Council for the term 2008-2009.